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NASTRAN帮助文档.pdf
MSC Nastran - Getting Started with MSC Nastran User’s Guide
Getting Started with MSC Nastran User’s Guide
Contents
Chapter : Preface
About this Book
How to Use this Guide
Note to the Reader
List of MSC Nastran Books
Technical Support
Training and Internet Resources
Chapter 1: Some Preliminaries
The Role of the Finite Element Method in Engineering Analysis
Classical Methods
Numerical Methods
The Finite Element Method
The Finite Element Process
The Basic Matrix Equation of Linear Static Analysis
The Elemental Stiffness Matrix
The Global Stiffness Matrix
Solution Flowchart
Assumptions and Limitations of Linear Static Analysis
Chapter 2: Overview of the MSC Nastran Finite Element Model
MSC Nastran – What Is It?
Describing the Structure
Coordinate Systems
Model Geometry
Finite Elements
Loads
Boundary Conditions
Material Properties
The Structure of the MSC Nastran Input File
NASTRAN Statement (optional)
File Management Section (optional)
Executive Control Section (required)
Case Control Section (required)
Bulk Data Section (required)
A Simple MSC Nastran Model
Problem Statement
Submitting the Job
The Results
Interpreting the Results
Files Created by MSC Nastran
SCR (scratch) Command
Chapter 3: Basic Modeling Issues
Units
Format of the Input Data
Real, Integer, and Character Input Data
Free, Small, and Large Field Formats
Continuations
Meshes and Mesh Transitions
Designing the Model
Using Test Models
Experiment With Small Test Models
Inability to Predict Your Structure’s Response
Help Us Help You
Pre- and Postprocessors
Chapter 4: Specifying the Type of Analysis
Executive Control Section
The ID Statement
The SOL Statement
The TIME Statement
The CEND Statement
Solution Sequences
Chapter 5: Model Geometry
Grid Points
Coordinate Systems
The Basic Coordinate System
Local Coordinate Systems
Chapter 6: The Basic Element Library
Introduction
Spring Element (CELAS2)
CELAS2
Line Elements
Rod Element (CONROD)
Rod Element (CROD)
Rod Element Property (PROD)
Simple Beam Element (CBAR)
Surface Elements
Quadrilateral Plate Element (CQUAD4)
Triangular Plate Element (CTRIA3)
Shell Element Property (PSHELL)
Other Surface Elements
Solid Elements
Six-Sided Solid Element (CHEXA)
Five-Sided Solid Element (CPENTA)
Four-Sided Solid Element (CTETRA)
Solid Element Property (PSOLID)
Rigid Bar Element (RBE2)
Chapter 7: Material Properties
Basic Material Property Definitions
Material Definition (MAT1)
Other Material Types Available in MSC Nastran
Chapter 8: Applying Constraints
Introduction
Rigid Body Motion and Mechanisms
Static Equilibrium
Mechanisms
Inertia Relief
Single Point Constraints
Permanent Constraint on the GRID Entry
Single Point Constraint (SPC)
Single Point Constraint (SPC1)
Automatic Identification and Removal of Singularities (AUTOSPC)
Boundary Condition Examples
Example 1 - Cantilever Beam
Example 2 - Fixed Plate
Example 3 - Fixed-Hinged Beam
Chapter 9: Applying Static Loads
Introduction
Overview of Basic Static Loads
Concentrated Loads
Forces (FORCE)
Moments (MOMENT)
Distributed Load on a 1-D Element (PLOAD1)
Pressure Loads
Uniform Normal Pressure Load on Surface (PLOAD)
Uniform Normal Pressure Load on a 2-D Element (PLOAD2)
Normal or Traction Pressure Load on a Face (PLOAD4)
Acceleration Loads (GRAV)
Enforced Displacements
Static Element Deformation (DEFORM)
Enforced Displacement Value (SPCD)
Combining Loads (LOAD)
Using Subcases (SUBCASE, SUBCOM, SUBSEQ, SUBSEQ1)
In SUBCOM 10:
In SUBCOM 20:
Chapter 10: Controlling the Analysis Output
Printing the Input File (ECHO)
Output Titles (TITLE, SUBTITLE, LABEL)
Case Control Sets (SET)
Requesting Analysis Results
Grid Point Output (DISP, SPCF, OLOAD, GPFORCE)
Element Output (STRESS, FORCE, STRAIN, ESE)
Chapter 11: Additional Considerations
MSC Nastran User and System Messages
Message Format
User Messages
System Messages
Epsilon-A Measure of Numerical Behavior
Element Distortion and Accuracy
CQUAD4 Plate Element Distortion
CHEXA Solid Element Distortion
The Current Error List
The Comment ($) Entry
Chapter 12: Performing an MSC Nastran Analysis Step-by-Step
Defining the Problem
Specifying the Type of Analysis
Designing the Model
Creating the Model Geometry
Coordinate System
GRID Points
Defining the Finite Elements
The CBAR Entry
The PBAR Entry
Specifying Material Properties
Representing Boundary Conditions
Applying the Loads
Controlling the Analysis Output
Completing the Input File and Running the Model
MSC Nastran Output
Reviewing the Results
Check for Error Messages, Epsilon, and Displacements
Check Reactions
Check Shear Along the Beam
Displacement and Stress Results
Comparing the Results with Theory
Chapter 13: Example Problems
Beam with a Distributed Load and a Moment
Problem Statement
The Finite Element Model
MSC Nastran Results
Comparison with Theory
Rectangular Plate with a Uniform Pressure Load
Problem Statement
The Finite Element Model
MSC Nastran Results
Gear Tooth with Solid Elements
MSC Nastran Results
Chapter 14: Other MSC Nastran Capabilities
Dynamic Analysis
Normal Modes Analysis
Frequency Response Analysis
Transient Response Analysis
Complex Eigenanalysis
Response Spectrum Analysis
Component Mode Synthesis
Random Vibration Analysis
Nonlinear Analysis
Nonlinear Transient Analysis
Design Sensitivity and Optimization
Overview
MSC Nastran Capabilities
Application Examples
Aeroelasticity
Static Aeroelastic Response
Aerodynamic Flutter
Dynamic Aeroelastic Response
Aerodynamic Methods
Thermal Analysis
Composite Materials
Fluid-Structure Interaction
Chapter 15: Performance Considerations
Geometric Reduction Methods
Superelement Analysis
Axisymmetric Analysis
Cyclic Symmetry Analysis
Memory and I/O Performance
Default Memory Settings
I/O Performance
Buffer Pool Usage
Parallel Performance
Chapter A: Summary of Basic Case Control Commands
Chapter B: Summary of Basic Bulk Data Entries
Chapter C: Bibliography
Chapter D: Glossary
Index
Untitled
Untitled
MSC Nastran - Getting Started with MSC Nastran User’s Guide
MSC Nastran 2014
Getting Started with MSC Nastran
User’s Guide
Corporate
MSC.Software Corporation
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Email: APAC.Contact@mscsoftware.com
Disclaimer
MSC Software Corporation reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained
in this document without prior notice.
The concepts, methods, and examples presented in this text are for illustrative and educational purposes only,
and are not intended to be exhaustive or to apply to any particular engineering problem or design. MSC Software
Corporation assumes no liability or responsibility to any person or company for direct or indirect damages resulting
from the use of any information contained herein.
User Documentation: Copyright 2014 MSC Software Corporation. Printed in U.S.A. All Rights Reserved.
This notice shall be marked on any reproduction of this documentation, in whole or in part. Any reproduction or
distribution of this document, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of MSC Software Corporation is
prohibited.
This software may contain certain third-party software that is protected by copyright and licensed from MSC
Software suppliers. Additional terms and conditions and/or notices may apply for certain third party software. Such
additional third party software terms and conditions and/or notices may be set forth in documentation and/or at
http://www.mscsoftware.com/thirdpartysoftware (or successor website designated by MSC from time to time).
PCGLSS 7.0, Copyright © 1992-2008, Computational Applications and System Integration Inc. All rights reserved.
PCGLSS 7.0 is licensed from Computational Applications and System Integration Inc. METIS is copyrighted by
the regents of the University of Minnesota. A copy of the METIS product documentation is included with this
installation. Please see “A Fast and High Quality Multilevel Scheme for Partitioning Irregular Graphs”. George
Karypis and Vipin Kumar. SIAM Journal on Scientific Computing, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 359-392, 1999. MPICH2 is
developed by Argonne National Laboratory. Copyright + 2002 University of Chicago.
MSC, Dytran, Marc, MSC Nastran, Patran, the MSC Software corporate logo, OpenFSI, e-Xstream, Digimat, and
Simulating Reality are trademarks or registered trademarks of the MSC Software Corporation in the United States
and/or other countries.
NASTRAN is a registered trademark of NASA. LS-DYNA is a trademark or registered trademark of Livermore
Software Technology Corporation. FLEXlm and FlexNet Publisher are trademarks or registered trademarks of
Flexera Software. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
Revision 0; November 13, 2014
NA*V2014*Z*Z*Z*DC-GET
Getting Started
with MSC Nas-
tran User’s
Guide
Contents
C o n t e n t s
Getting Started with MSC Nastran User’s Guide
Getting Started with MSC
Nastran User’s Guide
Contents.
Preface
12
13
About this Book
12
How to Use this Guide
Note to the Reader
List of MSC Nastran Books
Technical Support
Training and Internet Resources
15
14
16
1
Some Preliminaries
18
19
The Role of the Finite Element Method in Engineering Analysis
18
Classical Methods
18
Numerical Methods
The Finite Element Method
The Finite Element Process
The Basic Matrix Equation of Linear Static Analysis
The Elemental Stiffness Matrix
The Global Stiffness Matrix
Solution Flowchart
Assumptions and Limitations of Linear Static Analysis
21
21
20
26
23
25
2
Overview of the MSC Nastran Finite Element Model
29
31
MSC Nastran – What Is It?
Describing the Structure
31
Coordinate Systems
Model Geometry
Finite Elements
Loads
Boundary Conditions
Material Properties
32
33
34
34
35
4
Getting Started with MSC Nastran User’s Guide
38
37
37
38
The Structure of the MSC Nastran Input File
NASTRAN Statement (optional)
File Management Section (optional)
Executive Control Section (required)
Case Control Section (required)
Bulk Data Section (required)
A Simple MSC Nastran Model
Problem Statement
Submitting the Job
41
The Results
Interpreting the Results
Files Created by MSC Nastran
45
SCR (scratch) Command
39
40
38
43
39
45
3
Basic Modeling Issues
49
54
48
49
52
49
Units
Format of the Input Data
Real, Integer, and Character Input Data
Free, Small, and Large Field Formats
Continuations
Meshes and Mesh Transitions
Designing the Model
Using Test Models
Experiment With Small Test Models
Inability to Predict Your Structure’s Response
Help Us Help You
Pre- and Postprocessors
56
55
56
57
56
36
56
4
Specifying the Type of Analysis
60
60
Executive Control Section
The ID Statement
The SOL Statement
The TIME Statement
The CEND Statement
Solution Sequences
60
60
60
62
5 Model Geometry
CONTENTS
5
66
Grid Points
Coordinate Systems
The Basic Coordinate System
Local Coordinate Systems
68
68
68
6
The Basic Element Library
78
74
78
80
75
80
81
Introduction
Spring Element (CELAS2)
75
CELAS2
Line Elements
Rod Element (CONROD)
Rod Element (CROD)
Rod Element Property (PROD)
Simple Beam Element (CBAR)
Surface Elements
Quadrilateral Plate Element (CQUAD4)
Triangular Plate Element (CTRIA3)
Shell Element Property (PSHELL)
Other Surface Elements
Solid Elements
102
Six-Sided Solid Element (CHEXA)
Five-Sided Solid Element (CPENTA)
Four-Sided Solid Element (CTETRA)
Solid Element Property (PSOLID)
Rigid Bar Element (RBE2)
110
101
90
90
94
95
102
104
106
109
7 Material Properties
Basic Material Property Definitions
Material Definition (MAT1)
Other Material Types Available in MSC Nastran
114
116
118
6
Getting Started with MSC Nastran User’s Guide
8
Applying Constraints
121
120
121
121
121
Introduction
Rigid Body Motion and Mechanisms
Static Equilibrium
Mechanisms
Inertia Relief
Single Point Constraints
Permanent Constraint on the GRID Entry
Single Point Constraint (SPC)
Single Point Constraint (SPC1)
Automatic Identification and Removal of Singularities (AUTOSPC)
Boundary Condition Examples
Example 1 - Cantilever Beam
126
Example 2 - Fixed Plate
Example 3 - Fixed-Hinged Beam
122
123
122
122
125
125
127
124
9
Applying Static Loads
130
147
142
138
135
130
136
135
Introduction
Overview of Basic Static Loads
Concentrated Loads
Forces (FORCE)
Moments (MOMENT)
Distributed Load on a 1-D Element (PLOAD1)
Pressure Loads
142
Uniform Normal Pressure Load on Surface (PLOAD)
Uniform Normal Pressure Load on a 2-D Element (PLOAD2)
Normal or Traction Pressure Load on a Face (PLOAD4)
Acceleration Loads (GRAV)
Enforced Displacements
Static Element Deformation (DEFORM)
Enforced Displacement Value (SPCD)
Combining Loads (LOAD)
Using Subcases (SUBCASE, SUBCOM, SUBSEQ, SUBSEQ1)
In SUBCOM 10:
150
150
143
150
151
154
143
153
In SUBCOM 20:
154
10 Controlling the Analysis Output
156
Printing the Input File (ECHO)
Output Titles (TITLE, SUBTITLE, LABEL)
Case Control Sets (SET)
Requesting Analysis Results
Grid Point Output (DISP, SPCF, OLOAD, GPFORCE)
Element Output (STRESS, FORCE, STRAIN, ESE)
160
159
161
CONTENTS
7
161
162
11 Additional Considerations
164
166
164
164
164
MSC Nastran User and System Messages
Message Format
User Messages
System Messages
Epsilon-A Measure of Numerical Behavior
Element Distortion and Accuracy
CQUAD4 Plate Element Distortion
CHEXA Solid Element Distortion
170
The Current Error List
The Comment ($) Entry
171
167
167
168
12 Performing an MSC Nastran Analysis Step-by-Step
174
176
Defining the Problem
Specifying the Type of Analysis
Designing the Model
Creating the Model Geometry
Coordinate System
177
GRID Points
Defining the Finite Elements
The CBAR Entry
The PBAR Entry
179
181
177
175
177
179
8
Getting Started with MSC Nastran User’s Guide
186
184
185
183
Specifying Material Properties
Representing Boundary Conditions
Applying the Loads
Controlling the Analysis Output
Completing the Input File and Running the Model
MSC Nastran Output
Reviewing the Results
Check for Error Messages, Epsilon, and Displacements
Check Reactions
Check Shear Along the Beam
Displacement and Stress Results
Comparing the Results with Theory
199
194
196
189
193
194
187
193
13 Example Problems
202
203
204
Beam with a Distributed Load and a Moment
202
Problem Statement
The Finite Element Model
MSC Nastran Results
Comparison with Theory
Rectangular Plate with a Uniform Pressure Load
209
Problem Statement
The Finite Element Model
MSC Nastran Results
Gear Tooth with Solid Elements
MSC Nastran Results
220
214
225
208
209
209
14 Other MSC Nastran Capabilities
234
Dynamic Analysis
234
Normal Modes Analysis
Frequency Response Analysis
Transient Response Analysis
236
Complex Eigenanalysis
Response Spectrum Analysis
Component Mode Synthesis
Random Vibration Analysis
235
235
236
237
237
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