2000年上海同济大学工程地质学考研真题.doc

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2000 年上海同济大学工程地质学考研真题一、名词解释（30 分） 1，岩石的空隙性与空隙率; _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 2，管涌与流沙 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 3，结晶性腐蚀与分解性胸蚀 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 4，膨胀土与红粘土 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 5，动力触探与静力触探 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 6，滑坡壁与滑动床

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 7，泥位与方量 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 8，水库地震与矿震 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 9，土的干密度与有效密度 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 10，内聚力与内摩擦角 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 二、填充题（22 分）

为各土层的______ 三、问答题（48 分） 1，活断层的概念及其基本特征? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 2，概述现场载荷试验的装备及试验方法。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 3，试述预防砂土震动液化的措施。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 4，建筑物基础旁边坡的稳定性计算必须满足∶矩形基础 a ≥2.5b-d/tanβ;条形基础 a ≥ 3.5b 一 d/tanβ。图示计算式中各项的含义。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 5，溶洞项板的力学验算公式有① M= PL2/2，②M=PL2/8，③M=PL12/12，分别图示并说明它们所适用的顶板情况;稳定的顶板必须满足 P-T=0，T=H·S·L。说明式中各项的含义. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________ 6，哪些地质现象属不良地质现象?指出它们的主要不良特性。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________

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