2004年湖北武汉科技大学资源环境经济学及写作与翻译考研真题.doc

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2004 年湖北武汉科技大学资源环境经济学及写作与翻译考研真题资源环境经济学一．名词解释(5 分×6=30 分)。 1．经济净现值 2．庇古税 3．影子价格 4．帕累托最优状态 5．公共物品 6．消费者剩余二．简述题（8 分×5＝40 分）。 1．在资源使用和管理中，为什么会出现市场失灵？

2．请简要评述外部性理论的主要内容。 3．帕累托效率的必要条件和充要条件是什么？ 4．试比较环境经济政策的两种不同手段。 5．请简要论述环境费用分析的一般步骤。三．综合分析题。（20 分×4＝80 分） 1．从国家安全角度考虑，石油资源应如何合理配置？ 2．针对某一具体环境问题，选取最恰当的一种的评估方法中来进行环境损害与效益的价值评估。 3．结合实例分析环境资源价值的构成。 4．运用环境资源经济学的理论分析如何实现自然资源的可持续利用。写作与翻译 Part I Translation (60%)

I. Translate the following into Chinese. Do your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1. The prisoners are permitted to receive Red Cross food parcels and write censored letters. 2. You can always tell the somebodies form the nobodies at a cocktail party. That somebodies come late. 3. His weariness and the increasing heat determined him to sit down in the first convenient shade. 4. All the factors can be expressed as complex mathematical equations which can be solved by a computer to give the optimum equipment minimum cost. 5. One of the most heartwarming aspects of people who are born with a facial disfigurement, whether minor or major, is the number of them who do not allow it to upset their lives, even reaching out to help others with the same problem. 6. Etiquette to society is what apparel is to the individual. Without apparel men would go in shameful nudity which would surely lead to the corruption of morals; and without etiquette society would be in a pitiable state and the necessary intercourse between its members would be interfered with by needless offences and troubles. If society were a train, the etiquette would be the rails along which only the train could rumble forth; if society were a state coach, the etiquette would be the wheels and axis on which only the coach could roll forward. The lack of proprieties would make the most intimate friends turn to be the most decided enemies and the friendly or allied countries declare war against each other.

II. Translate the following into English. Do your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%) 1．敬请光临。 2．你爱信不信吧。 3．只有播种才有收获。 4．语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功不可。 5．做生意而不进行市场销售调研就等于经济自杀。 6．由小学到中学，所修习的无非是一些普通的基本知识。就是大学四年，所授课业也还是相当粗浅的知识。世人常称大学为“最高学府”，这名称易滋误解，好像过此以上即无学问可言。大学的研究才是初步研究学问的所在，在这里作学问也只能算是粗涉藩篱，注重的是研究学问的方法与实习。学无止境，一生的时间都嫌太短，所以古人皓首穷经，头发白了还是在继续研究，不过在这样的研究中确是有浓厚的趣味。 Part II Composition (90%) Write an argumentative essay of about 400 words on the topic “Wealth or Power Is a Sign of Success”. Give your own opinions on the statement. Write your composition on the ANSWER SHEET.

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2004年湖北武汉科技大学资源环境经济学及写作与翻译考研真题.doc

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