2000年上海同济大学光学考研真题.doc

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2000 年上海同济大学光学考研真题一、简答题（每题 8 分，共 40 分） 1、试述薄膜的等倾干涉与等厚干涉有何异同，并分别举一典型例子。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 2、偏振光有哪几种?分别用什么手段可以检测出? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 3、简述光的波粒二象性。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 4、对于光学显微镜，是否放大倍数越高分辨率一定也越高，为什么? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 5、简述产生激光的几个要素。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________ 二、计算题（每题 10 分，共 30 分）（1）屏幕上第一级亮条纹与第二级亮条纹的距离; _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ （2）屏幕上所呈现的全部亮条纹数。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 3、若在白光中波长为 4000 A 的紫光与 7200 A 的红光具有相同的强度，试求在散射光中两者强度的比例是多少? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 三、论述题（每题 10 分，共 30 分） 1、请简述全息照相的原理，并比较全息照相与普通照相有什么区别? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 2、夜晚观察天空，可以见到许多星星，有的颜色偏红，有的颜色偏蓝。试问这两者的表面温度哪个高?你作出此判断的理论依据是什么? _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 3、请简述原子的发光机理。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________

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