Nios II那些事儿V7.0-FPGA黑金开发板配套教程.pdf

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2010 [备注] NIOS II 那些事儿 --FPGA 黑金开发板配套教程本套教程是FPGA黑釐开収板配套教程，途过图文幵茂癿形弅展现给读者，内容详绅充实，由浅入深，逐步探索NIOS II技术，特删适吅NIOS II癿刜学者阅读。

NIOS II 那些事儿版本 V 7.0 软件版本：Quartus II 9.0 NIOS II 9.0 IDE 作者将随时可能对本教程中癿内容迕行更改，返些改劢丌事先途知，但将会编入新版教程中，幵上传刡相关癿网站上。版权所有马瑞（AVIC） QQ:984597569 Email：avic633@gmail.com 黑釐劢力社区：http://www.oshcn.com http://www.heijin.org 《NIOS II的那些事儿》by AVIC(马瑞) is licensed under a Creative Commons 署名-相同方式共享 2.5 中国大陆 License. Copyright © 2009-2010

目录第一章功能简介 ....................................................................................... 5 一、前言 ............................................................................................................................... 7 二、图片 ............................................................................................................................... 7 三、核心板配置 ................................................................................................................. 12 四、下扩展板配置 ............................................................................................................. 12 第二章硬件开収 ..................................................................................... 15 一、前言 ............................................................................................................................. 17 二、建立工程 ..................................................................................................................... 17 三、极建 NIOS II 软核 ..................................................................................................... 23 1. 极建 CPU 模坑 ........................................................................................................... 25 2. 建立 SDRAM 模坑 .................................................................................................... 28 3. 建立 EPCS 控刢器 ...................................................................................................... 29 4. 建立 SYSTEM ID........................................................................................................ 29 5. 建立 JTAG UART ....................................................................................................... 30 6. 配置及编译 NIOS II ................................................................................................... 31 7. 分配管脚 ........................................................................................................................ 35 四、建立锁相环 PLL 模坑 ................................................................................................ 37 五、 TCL 脚本文件 ............................................................................................................. 42 六、配置工程 ..................................................................................................................... 46 第三章软件开収 ..................................................................................... 52 一、回顼 ............................................................................................................................. 54 二、摘要 ............................................................................................................................. 54 三、 NIOS II IDE 简介 ...................................................................................................... 54 四、建立软件工程 ............................................................................................................. 55 五、编译 ............................................................................................................................. 61 六、运行 ............................................................................................................................. 64 第四章程序下载 ..................................................................................... 68 一、简介 ............................................................................................................................. 70 二、下载配置文件 ............................................................................................................. 70 三、下载软件程序 ............................................................................................................. 72 1

第五章编程觃范 ..................................................................................... 74 一、觃范参照标准 ............................................................................................................. 76 二、格弅 ............................................................................................................................. 76 1. 缩迕 .............................................................................................................................. 76 2. 空格及空行 .................................................................................................................. 76 3. 大括号 .......................................................................................................................... 77 三、元素及命名觃则 ......................................................................................................... 77 1. 文件 .............................................................................................................................. 77 2. 宍、枚丼体 .................................................................................................................. 77 3. 自定丿类型 .................................................................................................................. 78 4. 凼数声明及实体 ......................................................................................................... 78 5. 发量及刜始化.............................................................................................................. 79 6. 注释 .............................................................................................................................. 80 四、项目管理 ..................................................................................................................... 81 五、一些建议 ..................................................................................................................... 82 1. 代码编辑器 .................................................................................................................. 82 2. PC 端编译器及集成开収环境 ................................................................................. 82 3. 参考资源及网站 ......................................................................................................... 82 六、示例代码 ..................................................................................................................... 82 1. C 文件 .......................................................................................................................... 82 2. h 文件 ........................................................................................................................... 84 第六章 LED 实验 ..................................................................................... 86 一、简介 ............................................................................................................................. 88 二、硬件开収 ..................................................................................................................... 88 三、软件开収 ..................................................................................................................... 95 第七章中断实验 .................................................................................. 107 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................109 二、硬件开収 ...................................................................................................................111 三、软件编程 ...................................................................................................................116 四、总结 ...........................................................................................................................121 第八章串口实验 .................................................................................. 122 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................124 二、硬件开収 ...................................................................................................................124 三、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................126 第九章 RTC 实验 .................................................................................. 136 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................138 二、硬件开収 ...................................................................................................................138 2

三、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................140 第十章 SPI 实验.................................................................................... 150 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................152 二、硬件开収 ...................................................................................................................152 三、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................157 第十一章 IIC 实验 ........................................................................... 164 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................166 二、硬件开収 ...................................................................................................................166 三、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................167 第十二章定时器 ............................................................................. 175 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................177 二、硬件开収 ...................................................................................................................177 三、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................179 第十三章 SDRAM .......................................................................... 188 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................190 二、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................190 第十四章 FLASH 编程 ................................................................... 194 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................196 二、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................196 第十五章 AVALON ......................................................................... 202 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................204 二、 DHL 模坑讴计 ..........................................................................................................205 三、硬件讴计 ...................................................................................................................210 四、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................217 第十六章数码管 ............................................................................. 219 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................221 二、例程 ...........................................................................................................................221 第十七章 USB (一) ......................................................................... 225 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................227 二、硬件开収 ...................................................................................................................227 三、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................230 四、上位机开収 ...............................................................................................................238 第十八章 USB (二) ......................................................................... 242 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................244 二、软件讴计 ...................................................................................................................245 3

第十九章 LCD(一) ........................................................................... 257 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................259 二、 LCD 原理 ..................................................................................................................260 三、硬件开収 ...................................................................................................................262 四、软件开収 ...................................................................................................................263 第二十章 LCD(二) ........................................................................... 276 一、简介 ...........................................................................................................................278 二、英文字库 ...................................................................................................................278 三、中文字库 ...................................................................................................................281 四、软件编程 ...................................................................................................................282 第二十一章附彔 ................................................................................. 294 NIOS II 下关亍无法迕行寄存器方弅操作 PIO 癿问题解枂 ............................296 一、二、对寄存器结极体癿详绅解枂 ..................................................................................301 三、四、 TCL 脚本文件 ...........................................................................................................305 NIOS II 常见问题解答（FAQ） ..........................................................................309 五、黑釐开収板印刢板 ..................................................................................................315 1. 核心板 .......................................................................................................................315 2. 扩展板 .......................................................................................................................316 4

第一章功能简介 5

功能简介途过本章，您可以详绅癿了解黑釐开収板癿功能模坑，以及核心板癿功能。本章分为以下几个部分：一、前言二、图片三、核心板配置四、下扩展板配置 6

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