2019 年山东省中国海洋大学综合英语考研真题 A 卷 Part One Linguistics (80 points) I.Define the following terms. Use examples where necessary.(20 points) 1.design features 2.sonority scale 3.inflection 4.grammatical words 5.exocentric construction 6.gradable antonymy 7. compositionality 8.linguistic determinism 

9.conversational implicature 10.Psycholinguistics II.Blank filling.(10 points) 1._______________________________ is a language used for talking about language itself. 2. Halliday proposes a theory of metafunctions of language,that is, language has_______________________________interpersonal and textual functions. 3. In phonology, the corresponding sounds made with different parts of the tongue are often referred to as coronal,_______________________________and radical. 4.[p,p'] are two different phones and are variants of the phoneme /p/,and they are said to be in _______________________________ distribution because they never occur in the same context: the former occurs after [s] while the latter occurs in other places. 5.A compound is called a_______________________________ compound when one of the subcomponents is understood to be the argument of the other. For example, in truck-driver, the lexeme driver is derived from drive, while truck is taken as the patient argument of drive. 6.Morphemes like popular and teach, which on their own can stand as words are called free morphemes, which morphemes like -ise and -er that cannot function as words by themselves are _______________________________ morphemes. 7.Syntactic relations can be analyzed into three kinds, namely, positional relations, relations of _______________________________ and relations of co-occurrence. 8._______________________________ is concerned with the relation between a word and the thing it refers to,or more generally the relation between a linguistic unit and a non-linguistic entity it refers to. 9._______________________________ to look at the relationships between language and culture in a speech community. 10._______________________________ act is the ordinary act we perform when we speak, i.e.we move our vocal organs and produce a number of sounds, organized in a certain way and with a certain meaning. Ⅲ. Draw labeled tree diagrams.(10 points) linguistics is a linguistic branch which aims 

1.The beggar fell over a stone. 2.the student of archaeology from Canada IV.Answer the following questions briefly.(20 points) 1.What are the typical ways in which cohesion is established?(7 points) 2. What are Saussure's contributions as a linguist?(7 points) 3. How do traditional semantics and pragmatics differ in their approach to the study of meaning? (6 points) V. Discuss the following questions as comprehensively as possible,giving examples if necessary.(20 points) 1.Language and culture are intrinsically dependent on each other, please discuss the relationship between them. 2.The following part is taken from Mark Twain's Adventure of Huckleberry Finn. How can we appreciate it from stylistic point of view? I've tried it, and it don't work; it don't work, Tom. It ain't for me . … The widder eats by a bell; she goes to bed by a bell; she gits up by a bell-- everything's so awful reg'lar a body can't stand it. Two Literature Part I. Term Definition.(20 points) 1.Faust (70 points) 2.Spenserian Stanza 3.The Childe Harolds Pilgrimage 

4.Harlem Renaissance II. Answer the following questions briefly.(30 points) 1.Why is Shelley's The Ode to the West Wind regarded as a classic of British romanticism? 2. What are the differences between Henry James's realism and Mark Twain's realism? 3.What are the features of Jack London's novels? Ⅲ.Short Essay Construction.(20 points) Read the following passage and make comments on it in about 300 words. Stephen closed his eyes to hear his boots crush cracking wrack and shells. You are walking throuth howsomever. I a s stride at a time. A very short pace of time through very short times of space. Five, six: Nacheimander.(After one another).Exactly: and that is the incluctable modality of the audible. Open your eyes. No, Jesus .If I fell over a cliff that beetles o'ver his base, fell through the Nebeneinander incluctablly. I am getting on nicely in the dark. My ash sword hangs at my side. Tap with it: they do. My two feet in his boots are at the ends of my legs, nebeneinander. Sound solid: made by the mallet of Los demiurges. Am I waking into eternity along Sand mount stand? Crush, crack,crik, crick. Wild sea money.