Oracle Database Concepts 10g Release 2 中文版.pdf-资料库

u014520075-9128997-4744300845406961873.pdf-第1页.png

第1页 / 共994页

u014520075-9128997-4744300845406961873.pdf-第2页.png

第2页 / 共994页

u014520075-9128997-4744300845406961873.pdf-第3页.png

第3页 / 共994页

u014520075-9128997-4744300845406961873.pdf-第4页.png

第4页 / 共994页

u014520075-9128997-4744300845406961873.pdf-第5页.png

第5页 / 共994页

u014520075-9128997-4744300845406961873.pdf-第6页.png

第6页 / 共994页

u014520075-9128997-4744300845406961873.pdf-第7页.png

第7页 / 共994页

u014520075-9128997-4744300845406961873.pdf-第8页.png

第8页 / 共994页

Oracle Concepts 中英文对照版 (10g R2) 更新：2009-08-09 内容摘自 http://www.zw1840.com/的主页，原来有做好的 PDF，但是由于字体不统一，不方便打印。因此重新排版整理。版权归相关组织和个人所有，仅用于学习。原文： http://www.zw1840.com/oracle/translation/concepts/index.htm 1 / 994

Oracle Concepts 中文版 (10g R2) Part I What Is Oracle? Chapter 1, Introduction to the Oracle Database Part II Oracle Database Architecture 第一部分何为 Oracle？第 1 章，Oracle 数据库简介第二部分 Oracle 数据库体系结构 Chapter 2, Data Blocks, Extents, and Segments 第 2 章，数据块，数据扩展，及数据段 Chapter 3, Tablespaces, Datafiles, and Control Files 第 3 章，表空间，数据文件，及控制文件 Chapter 4, Transaction Management Chapter 5, Schema Objects 第 4 章，事务管理第 5 章，方案对象 Chapter 6, Dependencies Among Schema Objects 第 6 章，方案对象间的依赖关系 Chapter 7, The Data Dictionary Chapter 8, Memory Architecture Chapter 9, Process Architecture Chapter 10, Application Architecture Chapter 11, Oracle Utilities 第 7 章，数据字典第 8 章，内存体系结构第 9 章，进程体系结构第 10 章，应用体系结构第 11 章，Oracle 工具 2 / 994

Chapter 12, Database and Instance Startup and Shutdown Part III Oracle Database Features 第 12 章，数据库及实例的启动与关闭第三部分 Oracle 数据库特性 Chapter 13, Data Concurrency and Consistency 第 13 章，数据并发性与数据一致性 Chapter 14, Manageability Chapter 15, Backup and Recovery Chapter 16, Business Intelligence Chapter 17, High Availability 第 14 章，可管理性第 15 章，备份与恢复第 16 章，业务智能第 17 章，高可用性 Chapter 18, Partitioned Tables and Indexes 第 18 章，分区表及分区索引 Chapter 19, Content Management Chapter 20, Database Security Chapter 21, Data Integrity Chapter 22, Triggers 第 19 章，内容管理第 20 章，数据库安全第 21 章，数据完整性第 22 章，触发器 Chapter 23, Information Integration Part IV Oracle Database Application Development 第四部分 Oracle 数据库应用程序开发第 23 章，信息整合 Chapter 24, SQL, PL/SQL, and Java 第 24 章，SQL，PL/SQL，及 Java Chapter 25, Overview of Application Development Languages 第 25 章，应用程序开发语言概述 3 / 994

Chapter 26, Native Datatypes 第 26 章，原生数据类型 Chapter 27, Object Datatypes and Object Views 第 27 章，对象数据类型及对象视图 4 / 994

1 Introduction to the Oracle Database 1 This chapter provides an overview of the Oracle database server. 本章对 Oracle 数据库服务器进行概括性的介绍。本章的主题有： The topics include:  Oracle Database Architecture  Oracle Database Features  Oracle Database Application Development  Oracle 数据库体系结构  Oracle 数据库特性  Oracle 数据库应用开发 2 Oracle Database Architecture 1.1 Oracle 数据库体系结构 3 An Oracle database is a collection of data treated as a unit. The purpose of a database is to store and retrieve related information. A database server is the key to solving the problems of information management. In general, a server reliably manages a large amount of data in a multiuser environment so that many users can concurrently access the same data. All this is accomplished while delivering high performance. A database server also prevents unauthorized access and provides efficient solutions for failure recovery. 4 Oracle Database is the first database designed for enterprise grid computing, the most flexible and cost effective way to manage information and applications. Enterprise grid computing creates large pools of industry-standard, modular storage and servers. With this architecture, each new system can be rapidly provisioned from the pool of components. There is no need for peak workloads, An Oracle database is a collection of data treated as a unit. The purpose of a database is to store and retrieve related information. 数据库服务器是解决信息管理问题的核心组件。大体上说，数据库服务器的作用是可靠地管理多用户环境下的大规模数据，使多用户可以并发地访问相同的数据，同时实现系统的高性能。数据库服务器还要阻止未授权的操作，并提供高效的故障恢复解决方案。 Oracle 数据库是第一个为企业网格计算而设计的数据库，她为管理信息和应用提供了灵活、低成本、高效益的方式。企业网格计算把存储及服务能力转化为符合业界标准、模块化的资源池（resource pool）。在这种体系结构之下，新系统可以从组件化的资源池中组合资源而迅速构成。企业也无需建设尖锋负荷系统（peak workloads），因为计算能力可以在需要时轻松地从资源池中获得或重新分配。 5 / 994

because capacity can be easily added or reallocated from the resource pools as needed. 5 The database has logical structures and physical structures. Because the physical and logical structures are separate, the physical storage of data can be managed without affecting the access to logical storage structures. 数据库具备逻辑结构和物理结构。因为物理和逻辑结构是分离的，所以数据物理存储的变动不会影响基于逻辑存储结构的应用程序。 6 The section contains the following topics: 本节包含以下主题：  Overview of Oracle Grid Architecture  Overview of Application Architecture  Overview of Physical Database Structures  Overview of Logical Database Structures  Overview of Schemas and Common Schema Objects  Overview of the Oracle Data Dictionary  Overview of the Oracle Instance  Overview of Accessing the Database  Overview of Oracle Utilities  Oracle 网格体系结构概述  应用体系结构概述  物理数据库结构概述  逻辑数据库结构概述  方案及常用的方案对象概述  Oracle 数据字典概述  Oracle 实例概述  数据库访问概述  Oracle 工具概述 7 Overview of Oracle Grid Architecture 1.1.1 Oracle 网格体系结构概述 8 Grid computing is a new IT architecture that produces more resilient and lower cost enterprise information systems. With grid computing, groups of independent, modular hardware and software components can be connected and rejoined on demand to meet the changing needs of businesses. 网格是新出现的 IT 体系结构，它可以提供更有弹性、成本更低的企业信息系统。在网格中，众多独立的、模块化的软硬件组件可以随时地被联接和重组，以满足业务及业务变化的需要。 9 The grid style of computing aims to solve some common problems with enterprise IT: the problem of application silos that lead to under 网格形式的计算系统是为了解决企业 IT 中的常见问题：由不同的应用系统独占硬件资源而导致的资源利用率低下；系统过于庞大而导致的难以 6 / 994

utilized, dedicated hardware resources, the problem of monolithic, unwieldy systems that are expensive to maintain and difficult to change, and the problem of fragmented and disintegrated information that cannot be fully exploited by the enterprise as a whole. 10 Benefits of Grid Computing Compared to other models of computing, IT systems designed and implemented in the grid style deliver higher quality of service, lower cost, and greater flexibility. Higher quality of service results from having no single point of failure, a robust security infrastructure, and centralized, policy-driven management. Lower costs derive from increasing the utilization of resources and dramatically reducing management and maintenance costs. Rather than dedicating a stack of software and hardware to a specific task, all resources are pooled and allocated on demand, thus eliminating under utilized capacity and redundant capabilities. Grid computing also enables the use of smaller individual hardware components, thus reducing the cost of each individual component and providing more flexibility to devote resources in accordance with changing needs. 改进、维护昂贵；信息过于分散而导致的企业信息难以作为整体充分利用。网格的优势和其他体系结构相比，基于网格设计、实施的 IT 系统能够提供更高质量的服务，更低的成本，更大的灵活性。更高质量的服务来源于网格不存在单点脆弱性（single point of failure），健壮的安全基础结构，和基于策略的集中化管理方式。更低成本来源于软硬件资源利用水平的提高和管理、维护成本的显著降低。在以往的体系结构中，一个完成特定任务的系统要独占一系列软硬件资源，而网格体系中所有资源被统一储备随需分配，这就消除了资源利用不足和资源冗余的现象。网格可以使用更小型的硬件组件，这降低了每个组件的成本并使用户可根据需求的变化更灵活地分配资源。 11 Grid Computing Defined 1.1.1.1 网格的定义 12 The grid style of computing treats collections of similar IT resources holistically as a single pool, while exploiting the distinct nature of individual resources within the pool. To address simultaneously the problems of monolithic systems and fragmented resources, grid computing achieves a balance between the benefits of holistic resource management and flexible independent resource control. IT resources managed in a grid include: 网格将相似的 IT 资源整体地看做一个池，同时充分发挥池中每一个个体的独特功能。网格实现了整体资源管理和独立资源控制的平衡，解决了庞大系统和分散资源的矛盾。在网格中管理的 IT 资源包括：  基础设施：组成数据存储、软件执行环境的硬件和软件。  应用：定义业务过程（business process）的程序逻辑（program logic）和流程（flow）。  信息：蕴含于各种数据中用于指导业务的数据的内在含义  Infrastructure: the hardware and software that create a data 7 / 994

storage and program execution environment  Applications: the program logic and flow that define specific business processes  Information: the meanings inherent in all different types of data used to conduct business 13 Core Tenets of Grid Computing Two core tenets uniquely distinguish grid computing from other styles of computing, such as mainframe, client-server, or multi-tier: virtualization and provisioning.  With virtualization, individual resources (e.g. computers, disks, application components and information sources) are pooled together by type then made available to consumers (e.g. people or software programs) through an abstraction. Virtualization means breaking hard-coded connections between providers and consumers of resources, and preparing a resource to serve a particular need without the consumer caring how that is accomplished. With provisioning, when consumers request resources through a virtualization layer, behind the scenes a specific resource is identified to fulfill the request and then it is allocated to the consumer. Provisioning as part of grid computing means that the system determines how to meet the specific need of the consumer, while optimizing operation of the system as a whole.   网格的核心理念与大型机、C/S 结构、多层结构等以往的体系结构不同，网格有两个独特的核心理念：虚拟化和资源供给。  所谓虚拟化，就是将各类独立的资源（计算机，磁盘，应用组件，信息源等）视为一个池，经过抽象后提供给资源消费者（用户或软件程序）。虚拟化意味着打破了资源提供者和消费者之间的硬性联系（固化在程序代码中的（hard-coded）），在满足消费者对资源需求的同时无需消费者关心资源供给是如何实现的。  所谓资源供给，就是当消费者通过虚拟层请求资源时，网格在幕后找出满足需求的资源并分配给消费者。在网格中供给意味着系统负责决定如何满足消费者的特定需求，同时还要从整体上对系统运转进行优化。 14 The specific ways in which information, application or infrastructure resources are virtualized and provisioned are specific to the type of resource, but the concepts apply universally. Similarly, the specific benefits derived from grid computing are particular to each type of resource, but all share the characteristics of better quality, lower costs and increased flexibility. 信息、应用、基础设施资源的虚拟化与资源供给的具体方法各不相同，但思路是相通的。类似的，通过网格供给各种资源给用户带来的的益处也各不相同，但都具备了高质量、低造价及灵活的特点。 8 / 994

资料库

Oracle Database Concepts 10g Release 2 中文版.pdf

相关推荐

课程资源

热门标签

最新资料