问题及描述:
--1.学生表
Student(S#,Sname,Sage,Ssex) --S# 学生编号,Sname 学生姓名,Sage 出生年月,Ssex 学生性别
--2.课程表
Course(C#,Cname,T#) --C# --课程编号,Cname 课程名称,T# 教师编号
--3.教师表
Teacher(T#,Tname) --T# 教师编号,Tname 教师姓名
--4.成绩表
SC(S#,C#,score) --S# 学生编号,C# 课程编号,score 分数
*/
--创建测试数据
create table Student(S# varchar(10),Sname varchar(10),Sage date,Ssex varchar(10));
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , to_date(19891214,'YYYYMMDD') , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , to_date(19901221,'YYYYMMDD') , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , to_date(19900520,'YYYYMMDD') , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , to_date(19900806,'YYYYMMDD') , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , to_date(19911201,'YYYYMMDD') , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , to_date(19920301,'YYYYMMDD') , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , to_date(19890701,'YYYYMMDD') , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , to_date(19900120,'YYYYMMDD') , '女');
create table Course(C# varchar(10),Cname varchar(10),T# varchar(10));
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');
create table Teacher(T# varchar(10),Tname varchar(10));
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');
create table SC(S# varchar(10),C# varchar(10),score decimal(18,1));
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);
go
--1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数
--1.1、查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况
select a.* , b.score [课程'01'的分数],c.score [课程'02'的分数] from Student a , SC b , SC c
where a.S# = b.S# and a.S# = c.S# and b.C# = '01' and c.C# = '02' and b.score > c.score
--1.2、查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况和存在"01"课程但可能不存在"02"课程的情
况(不存在时显示为 null)(以下存在相同内容时不再解释)
select a.* , b.score [课程"01"的分数],c.score [课程"02"的分数] from Student a
on a.S# = b.S# and b.C# = '01'
isnull(c.score,0)
left join SC b
left join SC c on a.S# = c.S# and c.C# = '02' where b.score >
--2、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩低的学生的信息及课程分数
--2.1、查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况
select a.* , b.score [ 课 程'01' 的 分 数],c.score [ 课 程'02' 的 分 数] from Student a , SC b , SC c
where a.S# = b.S# and a.S# = c.S# and b.C# = '01' and c.C# = '02' and b.score < c.score
--2.2、查询同时存在"01"课程和"02"课程的情况和不存在"01"课程但存在"02"课程的情况
select a.* , b.score [课程"01"的分数],c.score [课程"02"的分数] from Student a
left join SC c on a.S# = c.S# and c.C# = '02'
left join SC
where
b on a.S# = b.S# and b.C# = '01'
isnull(b.score,0)
< c.score
--3、查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
select a.S# , a.Sname , cast(avg(b.score) as decimal(18,2)) avg_score
where a.S# = b.S#
order by a.S#
from Student a , sc b
having cast(avg(b.score) as decimal(18,2)) >= 60
group by a.S# , a.Sname
group by a.S# , a.Sname
--4、查询平均成绩小于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
--4.1、查询在 sc 表存在成绩的学生信息的 SQL 语句。
select a.S# , a.Sname , cast(avg(b.score) as decimal(18,2)) avg_score
where a.S# = b.S#
order by a.S#
--4.2、查询在 sc 表中不存在成绩的学生信息的 SQL 语句。
select a.S# , a.Sname , isnull(cast(avg(b.score) as decimal(18,2)),0) avg_score
left join sc b
decimal(18,2)),0)
group by a.S# , a.Sname
on a.S# = b.S#
< 60
order by a.S#
having cast(avg(b.score) as decimal(18,2))
from Student a , sc b
< 60
from Student a
having isnull(cast(avg(b.score) as
--5、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩
--5.1、查询所有有成绩的 SQL。
select a.S# [学生编号], a.Sname [学生姓名], count(b.C#) 选课总数, sum(score) [所有课程的总
成绩]
order by a.S#
--5.2、查询所有(包括有成绩和无成绩)的 SQL。
group by a.S#,a.Sname
from Student a , SC b
where a.S# = b.S#
select a.S# [学生编号], a.Sname [学生姓名], count(b.C#) 选课总数, sum(score) [所有课程的总
order by a.S#
成绩]
from Student a left join SC b
group by a.S#,a.Sname
on a.S# = b.S#
--6、查询"李"姓老师的数量
--方法 1
select count(Tname) ["李"姓老师的数量] from Teacher where Tname like N'李%'
--方法 2
select count(Tname) ["李"姓老师的数量] from Teacher where left(Tname,1) = N'李'
姓老师的数量
-----------
1 */
/*
"李"
--7、查询学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
select distinct Student.* from Student , SC , Course , Teacher
where Student.S# = SC.S# and
SC.C# = Course.C# and Course.T# = Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname = N'张三' order by Student.S#
--8、查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息
select m.* from Student m where S# not in (select distinct SC.S# from SC , Course , Teacher where
SC.C# = Course.C# and Course.T# = Teacher.T# and Teacher.Tname = N'张三') order by m.S#
--9、查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息
--方法 1
select Student.* from Student , SC where Student.S# = SC.S# and SC.C# = '01' and exists (Select 1
from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S# = SC.S# and SC_2.C# = '02') order by Student.S#
--方法 2
select Student.* from Student , SC where Student.S# = SC.S# and SC.C# = '02' and exists (Select 1
from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S# = SC.S# and SC_2.C# = '01') order by Student.S#
--方法 3
select m.* from Student m where S# in (
SC where C# = '01'
by S# having count(1) = 2
select distinct S# from
) t group
select distinct S# from SC where C# = '02'
) order by m.S#
select S# from
union all
(
--10、查询学过编号为"01"但是没有学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息
--方法 1
select Student.* from Student , SC where Student.S# = SC.S# and SC.C# = '01' and not exists
(Select 1 from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S# = SC.S# and SC_2.C# = '02') order by Student.S#
-- 方 法 2
select Student.* from Student , SC where Student.S# = SC.S# and SC.C# = '01' and
Student.S# not in (Select SC_2.S# from SC SC_2 where SC_2.S# = SC.S# and SC_2.C# = '02') order
by Student.S#
--11、查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
--11.1、
select Student.*
from Student , SC
where Student.S# = SC.S#
group by Student.S# ,
Student.Sname , Student.Sage , Student.Ssex having count(C#)
--11.2
select Student.*
Student.Sname , Student.Sage , Student.Ssex having count(C#)
from Student left join SC
< (select count(C#) from Course)
on Student.S# = SC.S#
group by Student.S# ,
< (select count(C#) from Course)
--12、查询至少有一门课与学号为"01"的同学所学相同的同学的信息
select distinct Student.* from Student , SC where Student.S# = SC.S# and SC.C# in (select C# from
SC where S# = '01') and Student.S#
<> '01'
--13、查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息
select Student.* from Student where S# in (select distinct SC.S# from SC where S#
SC.C# in (select distinct C# from SC where S# = '01')
count(1) from SC where S#='01'))
<> '01' and
group by SC.S# having count(1) = (select
--14、查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
select student.* from student where student.S# not in
(select distinct sc.S# from sc , course ,
teacher where sc.C# = course.C# and course.T# = teacher.T# and teacher.tname = N'张三') order
by student.S#
--15、查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号,姓名及其平均成绩
select student.S# , student.sname , cast(avg(score) as decimal(18,2)) avg_score from student , sc
where student.S# = SC.S# and student.S# in (select S# from SC where score
< 60 group by S#
having count(1) >= 2)
group by student.S# , student.sname
--16、检索"01"课程分数小于 60,按分数降序排列的学生信息
select student.* , sc.C# , sc.score from student , sc
60 and sc.C# = '01' order by sc.score desc
where student.S# = SC.S# and sc.score
<
--17、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
--17.1 SQL 2000 静态
select a.S# 学生编号 , a.Sname 学生姓名 ,
语文' then b.score else null end) [语文],
then b.score else null end) [数学],
b.score else null end) [英语],
from Student a
left join SC b on a.S# = b.S#
group by a.S# , a.Sname order by 平均分 desc
max(case c.Cname when N'
max(case c.Cname when N'数学'
max(case c.Cname when N'英语' then
cast(avg(b.score) as decimal(18,2)) 平均分
left join Course c on b.C# = c.C#
--17.2 SQL 2000 动态
declare @sql nvarchar(4000)
+ N'学生姓名'
b.score else null end) ['+Cname+']'
set @sql = 'select a.S# ' + N'学生编号' + ' , a.Sname '
select @sql = @sql + ',max(case c.Cname when N'''+Cname+''' then
from (select distinct Cname from Course) as t
set @sql = @sql + ' , cast(avg(b.score) as decimal(18,2)) ' + N' 平 均 分 ' + ' from
Student a left join SC b on a.S# = b.S# left join Course c on b.C# = c.C#
group by
a.S# , a.Sname order by ' + N'平均分' + ' desc'
exec(@sql)
from Course m , SC n where m.C# = n.C#
(select min(score) from SC where C# = m.C#) [最低分],
cast(avg(n.score) as decimal(18,2)) [平均分],
max(n.score) [最高分],
cast((select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 70 and score
--18、查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分:以如下形式显示:课程 ID,课程 name,最
高分,最低分,平均分,及格率,中等率,优良率,优秀率 --及格为>=60,中等为:70-80,
优良为:80-90,优秀为:>=90
--方法 1
min(n.score) [最
select m.C# [课程编号], m.Cname [课程名称],
低分],
cast((select count(1) from SC where
C# = m.C# and score >= 60)*100.0 / (select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2))
[及格率(%)],
<
80 )*100.0 / (select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2)) [ 中 等 率 (%)],
cast((select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 80 and score
< 90 )*100.0 / (select
count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2)) [优良率(%)],
cast((select count(1) from
SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 90)*100.0 / (select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as
decimal(18,2)) [ 优 秀 率 (%)]
group by m.C# ,
m.Cname order by m.C#
--方法 2
(select max(score) from SC where C# = m.C#)
select m.C# [课程编号], m.Cname [课程名称],
(select cast(avg(score)
[最高分],
cast((select count(1) from SC where C#
as decimal(18,2)) from SC where C# = m.C#) [平均分],
= m.C# and score >= 60)*100.0 / (select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2)) [及
格 率(%)],
<
80 )*100.0 / (select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2)) [ 中 等 率 (%)],
cast((select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 80 and score
< 90 )*100.0 / (select
count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2)) [优良率(%)],
cast((select count(1) from
SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 90)*100.0 / (select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as
decimal(18,2)) [优秀率(%)]
cast((select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 70 and score
from Course m order by m.C#
--19、按各科成绩进行排序,并显示排名
--19.1 sql 2000 用子查询完成
--Score 重复时保留名次空缺
select t.* , px = (select count(1) from SC where C# = t.C# and score > t.score) + 1 from sc t order
by t.c# , px
--Score 重复时合并名次 select t.* , px = (select count(distinct score) from SC
where C# = t.C# and score >= t.score) from sc t order by t.c# , px
--19.2 sql 2005 用 rank,DENSE_RANK 完成
--Score 重复时保留名次空缺(rank 完成)
select t.* , px = rank() over(partition by c# order by score desc) from sc t order by t.C# , px
--Score 重复时合并名次(DENSE_RANK 完成)
select t.* , px = DENSE_RANK() over(partition by
c# order by score desc) from sc t order by t.C# , px
m.Sname [学生姓名] ,
from Student m left join SC n on m.S# = n.S#
isnull(sum(score),0) [总成
group by m.S# , m.Sname order by [总成
--20、查询学生的总成绩并进行排名
--20.1 查询学生的总成绩
select m.S# [学生编号] ,
绩]
绩] desc
--20.2 查询学生的总成绩并进行排名,sql 2000 用子查询完成,分总分重复时保留名次空缺
和不保留名次空缺两种。
方法 1 重复时保留名次空缺
select t1.* , px = (select count(1) from (
[学生姓名] ,
m.S# = n.S#
(
isnull(sum(score),0) [总成绩]
m.S# , m.Sname
m.Sname
from Student m left join SC n on
) t2 where 总 成 绩 > t1. 总 成 绩 ) + 1 from
,
group by
from Student m left join SC n on m.S# = n.S#
select m.S# [ 学 生 编 号 ]
isnull(sum(score),0) [总成绩]
m.Sname [ 学 生 姓 名 ]
group by m.S# , m.Sname
select m.S# [学生编号] ,
) t1 order by px
,
方法 2 不保留名次空缺两种。
select t1.* , px = (select count(distinct 总 成 绩 ) from
m.Sname [学生姓名] ,
n on m.S# = n.S#
(
isnull(sum(score),0) [总成绩]
m.S# , m.Sname
select m.S# [ 学 生 编 号 ]
group by m.S# , m.Sname
) t1 order by px
,
isnull(sum(score),0) [总成绩]
(
select m.S# [ 学 生 编 号 ] ,
from Student m left join SC
) t2 where 总 成 绩 >= t1. 总 成 绩) from
,
group by
m.Sname [ 学 生 姓 名 ]
from Student m left join SC n on m.S# = n.S#
order by px
group by m.S# , m.Sname
select m.S# [ 学 生 编 号 ] ,
from Student m left join SC
select t.* , px =
select m.S# [ 学 生 编 号 ] ,
from Student m left join SC
--20.3 查询学生的总成绩并进行排名,sql 2005 用 rank,DENSE_RANK 完成,分总分重复时保
留名次空缺和不保留名次空缺两种。
select t.* , px = rank() over(order by [ 总 成 绩] desc) from (
m.Sname [学生姓名] ,
isnull(sum(score),0) [总成绩]
n on m.S# = n.S#
) t
DENSE_RANK() over(order by [ 总 成 绩 ] desc) from (
m.Sname [学生姓名] ,
n on m.S# = n.S#
--21、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示
select m.T# , m.Tname , cast(avg(o.score) as decimal(18,2)) avg_score
n , SC o where m.T# = n.T# and n.C# = o.C#
desc
--22、查询所有课程的成绩第 2 名到第 3 名的学生信息及该课程成绩
--22.1 sql 2000 用子查询完成
--Score 重复时保留名次空缺
select * from (select t.* , px = (select count(1) from SC where C# = t.C# and score > t.score) + 1
from sc t) m where px between 2 and 3 order by m.c# , m.px
isnull(sum(score),0) [总成绩]
) t order by px
from Teacher m , Course
order by avg_score
group by m.T# , m.Tname
group by m.S# , m.Sname
--Score 重复时合并名次 select * from (select t.* , px = (select count(distinct score) from SC
where C# = t.C# and score >= t.score) from sc t) m where px between 2 and 3 order by m.c# ,
m.px
--22.2 sql 2005 用 rank,DENSE_RANK 完成
--Score 重复时保留名次空缺(rank 完成)
select * from (select t.* , px = rank() over(partition by c# order by score desc) from sc t) m where
px between 2 and 3 order by m.C# , m.px
--Score 重复时合并名次(DENSE_RANK 完成)
select * from (select t.* , px = DENSE_RANK() over(partition by c# order by score desc) from sc t)
m where px between 2 and 3 order by m.C# , m.px
--23、统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]及所占
百分比 3
--23.1 统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[0-60]
向显示
select Course.C# [课程编号] , Cname as [课程名称] ,
0 end) [85-100],
sum(case when score >= 60 and score
score
Course.C# , Course.Cname order by Course.C#
sum(case when score >= 85 then 1 else
< 85 then 1 else 0 end) [70-85],
sum(case when
group by
sum(case when score >= 70 and score
< 70 then 1 else 0 end) [60-70],
< 60 then 1 else 0 end) [0-60]
where SC.C# = Course.C#
from sc , Course
--横
< 85 then '70-85'
end) ,
else '0-60'
case when n.score >= 85 then
when
count(1) 数量
case when
< 85 then '70-85'
order by
end)
group by m.C# , m.Cname , (
when n.score >= 70 and n.score
else '0-60'
when n.score >= 70 and n.score
--纵向显示 1(显示存在的分数段)
select m.C# [课程编号] , m.Cname [课程名称] , 分数段 = (
'85-100'
n.score >= 60 and n.score < 70 then '60-70'
from Course m , sc n where m.C# = n.C#
n.score >= 85 then '85-100'
when n.score >= 60 and n.score
m.C# , m.Cname , 分数段
--纵向显示 2(显示存在的分数段,不存在的分数段用 0 显示)
select m.C# [课程编号] , m.Cname [课程名称] , 分数段 = (
'85-100'
n.score >= 60 and n.score < 70 then '60-70'
from Course m , sc n where m.C# = n.C#
n.score >= 85 then '85-100'
when n.score >= 60 and n.score
m.C# , m.Cname , 分数段
when n.score >= 70 and n.score
< 70 then '60-70'
< 70 then '60-70'
< 85 then '70-85'
end) ,
else '0-60'
case when n.score >= 85 then
when
count(1) 数量
case when
< 85 then '70-85'
order by
end)
group by all m.C# , m.Cname , (
when n.score >= 70 and n.score
else '0-60'
--23.2 统计各科成绩各分数段人数:课程编号,课程名称,[100-85],[85-70],[70-60],[ <60]及所占
百分比
--横向显示
select m.C# 课程编号, m.Cname 课程名称,
(select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C# and score
SC where C# = m.C# and score
decimal(18,2)) [百分比(%)],
score
score
cast((select count(1) from
< 60)*100.0 / (select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as
(select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 60 and
< 70) [60-70],
cast((select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 60 and
< 70)*100.0 / (select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2)) [百分比(%)],
< 60) [0-60],
< 70 then '60-70'
when n.score >= 70 and n.score
case when n.score >= 85 then
when
count(1) 数
cast(count(1) * 100.0 / (select count(1) from sc where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2))
case
< 85 then '70-85'
end)
order by
from Course m , sc n where m.C# = n.C#
< 85 then '70-85'
end) ,
when n.score >= 70 and n.score
group by m.C# , m.Cname , (
< 85) [70-85],
(select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 70 and score
< 85)*100.0 / (select
cast((select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C# and score >= 70 and score
(select count(1) from SC
count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2)) [百分比(%)],
cast((select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#
where C# = m.C# and score >= 85) [85-100],
and score >= 85)*100.0 / (select count(1) from SC where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2)) [百分比(%)]
from Course m order by m.C#
--纵向显示 1(显示存在的分数段)
select m.C# [课程编号] , m.Cname [课程名称] , 分数段 = (
'85-100'
n.score >= 60 and n.score
量 ,
[百分比(%)]
when n.score >= 85 then '85-100'
when n.score >= 60 and n.score
m.C# , m.Cname , 分数段
--纵向显示 2(显示存在的分数段,不存在的分数段用 0 显示)
select m.C# [课程编号] , m.Cname [课程名称] , 分数段 = (
'85-100'
n.score >= 60 and n.score
量 ,
[ 百 分 比 (%)]
(
then '70-85'
end) order by m.C# , m.Cname , 分数段
case when n.score >= 85 then
when
count(1) 数
cast(count(1) * 100.0 / (select count(1) from sc where C# = m.C#) as decimal(18,2))
group by all m.C# , m.Cname ,
< 85
else '0-60'
when n.score >= 70 and n.score
< 70 then '60-70'
from Course m , sc n where m.C# = n.C#
< 85 then '70-85'
end) ,
case when n.score >= 85 then '85-100'
when n.score >= 70 and n.score
when n.score >= 60 and n.score
< 70 then '60-70'
< 70 then '60-70'
else '0-60'
else '0-60'
else '0-60'
--24、查询学生平均成绩及其名次
--24.1 查询学生的平均成绩并进行排名,sql 2000 用子查询完成,分平均成绩重复时保留名
次空缺和不保留名次空缺两种。
select m.S# [学生编号] ,
isnull(cast(avg(score) as decimal(18,2)),0) [平均成绩]
group by m.S# , m.Sname
order by px
select m.S# [学生编号] ,
isnull(cast(avg(score) as decimal(18,2)),0) [平均成绩]
group by m.S# , m.Sname
(
select t1.* , px = (select count(1) from (
[学生姓名] ,
m left join SC n on m.S# = n.S#
成 绩) + 1 from
select m.S# [ 学 生 编 号] ,
isnull(cast(avg(score) as decimal(18,2)),0) [平均成绩]
n.S#
count(distinct 平均成绩) from (
姓名] ,
left join SC n on m.S# = n.S#
select m.S# [ 学 生 编 号 ] ,
成 绩 ) from
isnull(cast(avg(score) as decimal(18,2)),0) [平均成绩]
n.S#
group by m.S# , m.Sname
group by m.S# , m.Sname
) t1
) t1 order by px
(
m.Sname
from Student
) t2 where 平均成绩 > t1.平均
m.Sname [ 学 生 姓 名] ,
from Student m left join SC n on m.S# =
select t1.* , px = (select
m.Sname [学生
from Student m
) t2 where 平均成绩 >= t1.平均
m.Sname [ 学 生 姓 名 ] ,
from Student m left join SC n on m.S# =