2005 年上海华东师范大学中国近现代史考研真题 一、名词解释∶（每题 8 分，共 80 分） 1.癸卯学制 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 2.府院之争 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 3.永安建制 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 4.日本国志 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 5.三国干涉还辽 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 6.阿 Q 正传 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 7.北京政变 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 8.东北易帜 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 9.保甲制度 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 10.重庆谈判 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 二、问答题∶（第一题 30 分，第二、三题各 20 分，共 70 分） 第一题∶ 分析、评述辛酉政变。（30 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

___________________________________________ 第二题∶ 材料之一∶"在某种程度上讲，现代化中国家政府的稳定取决于它进行农村改革的能力"; "农村的角色是可变的∶它或是充当稳定的源泉，或是充当革命的源泉。"—亨廷顿 材料之二∶"农民革命的主要原因，从来就是农民社会与上层阶级在制度上的联系过于脆弱， 以及这种关系具有剥削性特征。"——巴林顿·摩尔 请你联系亨廷顿和摩尔的观点，看中国共产党在农村实行土地改革和政权建设的意义。 （20 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________ 第三题∶ "北洋末期的国民革命是一场具有社会革命性质的政治大革命。建立在一定社会变革基础上 的民众的政治动员是一场政治大革命的前提。一般来说，民众的政治动员是两个过程的结果; 一是在一定社会变迁基础上民众自身社会政治心理变迁的结果;二是某种社会政治集团或势 力（尤其是随着社会发展二新兴的社会政治集团或势力）动员民众参政的结果。" 请你结合自五四至五卅时期的社会发展史实，解读以上这段文字。（20 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________