Design and Implementation of A Remote Equipment Monitoring and Management System Based on IOT Naren Gaowa1, Ying Liu1 , Mu-yan Li2 1School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China 2School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China (narengaowa1989@gmail.com) Abstract - Equipment monitoring and management based on IOT technology improves the efficiency of equipment monitoring and management, makes equipment management intelligent. A remote equipment monitoring and management system based on IOT is introduced in this paper. It is used in the lab of Beijing Jiaotong University. This system consists of three parts. First is a perception node module, second is a wireless multi-hop data transmission module and last is a center management server. The design of those three parts is introduced in the paper. The real performance and management system shows that the system works effectively and efficiently. This system can be expanded to suitable management systems in various trades and industries. implemented monitoring the of Keywords - Equipment, IOT, monitoring management, multi-hop networks, RFID and I. INTRODUCTION Due to considerations of costs, technology and other traditional barcode is popular in the general factors, approach of equipment monitoring and management for fixed assets. In the process of equipment monitoring and management, the administrator first inputs the equipment information to the computer management systems, then fixes barcode on equipment. In order to monitor the performance of equipment, the administrator has to go to the lab and check the equipments on regular time schedule. By the inspection of assets costs a lot of time every year. And during the interval of inspection, equipment file will not be updated timely if the equipment is missing or has been taken away for personal business. So it is difficult to manage equipments [1]. this manual-based management approach, infrared IOT (Internet of Things) aims to achieve automatic recognition of goods through the RFID (radio frequency sensors, etc. and achieve identification), information sharing by connecting the Internet. to Ultimately, intelligent and it makes management constitutes a more intelligent system of production and living [2]. It is a very complex, various-formed and systemic technology. IOT connects the separated physical world with information space and represents the trend of development of future network. The physical world will form a huge net by IOT. The integration of IntelliSense technology, network technology and software technology in IOT is widely used in transportation control, parking ___________________________________ 978-1-4673-2460-1/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE management, warehouse management automated fields [3]. and other Internet database and Equipment monitoring and management based on IOT can combine equipment management with IOT and ensure the optimal use of resources. It can solve the complex problems of equipment management. The most fundamental purpose of equipment management based on IOT is to achieve real-time equipment monitoring and improve the speed and accuracy of the equipment asset management and improve the efficiency of management. A design of remote equipment monitoring and management system based on IOT technology for university lab is introduced in this paper. It is applied in the lab of Beijing Jiaotong University. The design transmission combines RFID, wireless multi-hop networks, technology. An application system based on IOT, including a perception node module, a wireless multi-hop data transmission module and a center management server, is implemented by authors. Regarded flexibility and general-purpose as the main design ideas, the system can also be expanded to suitable management systems in various trades and improve management industries. The system will efficiency and the administrator. In this paper, the first section introduces the concept, main applications, current status of IOT, problems of equipment management and illustrates the significance of equipment management in IOT. The framework of overall design of this remote equipment monitoring and management system based on IOT is introduced in the second section. The third section concentrates on the hardware design of the perception node module. Section IV mainly introduces the wireless multi-hop transmission routing strategy of the data transmission module. The software architecture of the center management server is presented in section V. Finally, and management system is concluded. equipment monitoring intensity of remote labor reduce the the II. FRAMEWORK OF THE SYSTEM The remote equipment monitoring and management system consists of perception node module, wireless multi-hop data center management server three parts, achieves the goal of university laboratory equipment management in IOT approach. transmission module and 1194

system Fig 1 Framework of the remote equipment monitoring and management Public users can browse laboratory equipment information at any time in any place with Internet access and the administrator can achieve real-time monitoring easily. The system framework is shown in Fig1. At perception node module, the electronic tag is attached to the equipment needed to be monitored. The RFID reader is responsible for reading the information in electronic tag. In order to extend the distance of data transmission and expand the coverage of the system, wireless multi-hop transmission is employed. The CC1100 wireless long- distance data transceiver based on CC1100 chips is responsible transmission. The center management server collects all information data of the perception node for managing and monitoring equipments, a database based on the information data is established on the server for easier management. The center management server is connected to the Internet for remote sharing equipment information and usage data. the data for III. HARDWARE DESIGN OF PERCEPTION NODE MODULE The perception node module consists of five parts, power unit, RFID unit, wireless data transmission unit, RAM unit and controller unit. The hardware design of the perception node module is shown in Fig2. The controller is responsible for the entire perception node scheduling; the RFID unit is responsible for reading the electronic tag information and data collection. The information data collected by the RFID reader is temporarily stored in RAM while the wireless data transmission unit is responsible for sending out the electronic tag information in RAM storage and receiving the information from other perception nodes. human intervention, From the current perspective of the development of the IOT, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Radio Frequency) tags technology is one of the very important technical indicators. RFID is a noncontact automatic identification technology. Because of its noncontact, identification without rapid identification of high speed moving objects, fast and convenient to operate and easily automated features, RFID is now widely used in production, logistics, retail and other industries. RFID applications system includes RFID radio frequency identification systems and industry application systems. RFID identification system collects information of the reader through various means (RS232, the TCP / IP, middleware, front-end, protocol converters, etc.), then transmits the information to the industry application systems [4] [5]. The RFID readers and electronic tags used in this system are from Beijing Dingchuang Hengda Intelligent Technology Co., Ltd. The working frequency of initiative Omni-directional reader DC0301A is 2.45GHz. The effective reading distance is 80 meters or more. The RFID readers can identify multiple tags simultaneously. It communicates with the controller via serial communication. In order to extend the distance of data transmission and expand the coverage of the system, the information data transmission uses wireless multi-hop transmission. By wireless multi-hop transmission, the perception node can join and exit monitoring system flexibly and easily. The increased difficulty of space wiring and construction bring by the wired transmission can be avoided. And the Ethernet IP resources occupied by data transmission on various monitoring points will be saved. As the system is planned to be used in a university laboratory environment, after comparing the performance of a variety of wireless data transceiver and actual inspection, the CC1100 wireless transceiver is finally chosen for data transmission [6]. The CC1100 wireless transceiver is based on TI's high-performance CC1100 wireless communications chips. CC1100 is a single-chip UHF transceiver for low- power, low-cost, wireless applications. Its RF transceiver integrates a highly configurable modem. The modem supports different kinds of modulation formats, and its data transmission rate can reach up to 500kbps. The transmission distance of CC1100 transceiver is up to 200- 300 meters in open space and up to 600-800 meters after signal amplification. With high reliability, this transceiver can be widely used in the field of various occasions of short distance wireless communications. Fig 2 hardware design of perception node module 1195

Fig 3 the process after receiving data requests The task of the controller in perception node module is to control RFID reader reading and collecting information in electronic tags based on the command received from center management server and store the collected information in RAM, then inform the wireless data transmission unit to send the data. The working mechanism is simple, and does not need a very high requirement of execution speed and storage space. A simple microcontroller can complete the above task well. To this end, the simple microcontroller STC12C5A60S2 control chip is taken as the perception node controller in this system. STC12C5A60S2 is a low-power high-speed general MCU with a 24.5MHz oscillator, and a programmable flash memory of 32KB. The flash memory has a security option, which can avoid its data be modified and erased maliciously. It has dual serial ports and with excellent performance. IV. WIRELESS MULTI-HOP TRANSMISSION ROUTING STRATEGY the link Due to unpredictable nature of wireless environment, link breakage, disorder packets and other issues may occur during the data transmission process. In order to improve reliability, a wireless multi-hop transmission strategy is specifically designed for this system to ensure the reliability of the data transmission based on the ad hoc network routing strategy of AODV and the DSDV[7][8]. Set the perception node connected to center data management server as center perception node and other perception nodes as subperception nodes. Center perception node requests to obtain data of subperception nodes in the entire wireless network, and subperception nodes response to center perception nodes passively. Center perception node asks for data from all subperception nodes periodically or requests data from a specific node irregularly. Define data transmission from the center perception node to subperception nodes as the the data in contrast, transmission from downlink; subperception nodes to center perception node is uplink. Each perception node maintains a routing table and each route table entry contain the following two fields. - Destination - Next hop the next hop to destination The data packets in transmission follow a unified format. The format of the data packets is illustrated as follow, and contains the following fields: set AA as packet header the next hop to destination < header, next_hop, sequence_num, pre_hop, destination, data> - header - next_hop - sequence_num unique identifier for each packet that center perception node sends at downlink, set to 0 at uplink and incremented at downlink pre_hop comes from destination data sub perception nodes, set to 0 at downlink the equipment information collected by the the previous hop where the data packet the final destination of packets - - - The following two subsections describe how to generate data requests and the process after receiving data requests, respectively. A. Generating Data Requests The center perception node sends a data request packet when it requires data of a subperception node with no route to. Set the next_hop field as broadcast address and broadcast the data request packet. B. Receiving Data Requests When a subperception node receives a data request packet, the process is shown in Fig 3.When a sub perception node receives a data request packet, the node first checks whether the next_hop is a broadcast address or not. If the next_hop is a broadcast address, the node will only respond to the packets with an unreceived sequence_num , and drop the packet if the sequence_num had been received. A perception node records the pre_hop of the packet from which it received the first copy of the data request as the next hop to center perception node in routing table. And then determine whether the node itself is the destination node or not, if so, that means the broadcast data request packet find a destination, the node will record the pre_hop and send data to pre_hop. Otherwise, the node just plays a forwarding node role, replaces the pre_hop of the data request packet by its own address and rebroadcasts the packet. If the next_hop in the packet equals to the perception node address, indicating that the node is the next hop in this route path. 1196

Fig 5 Structure of the equipment information database MFC real-time monitoring module communicates with wireless data transceiver via the serial port [11][12]. It is responsible for generating data request packet, gathering information data collected by perception node and data processing. MFC real-time monitoring module interacts with MySQL database through the specific ODBC driver [13][14]. The MFC real-time monitoring module can collect data from all subperception nodes periodically or from a specific node irregularly. Its software interface is shown in Figure 6. In order to facilitate remote sharing of equipment information and related equipment usage information, JSP.NET module designs html pages for client browser and connects to MySQL database through the specific JDBC driver [15]. Client browser has access to database, forming the B/S mode [16] by JSP.NET module. Through a browser, public users can get the equipment names, type, and location information based on remote information sharing, at the same time, the administrator can send commands real-time equipment monitoring remotely. to do VI. CONCLUSION for laboratory A demonstration system is established within the remote Beijing Jiaotong University monitoring and management. With a computer accesses to the Internet, administrator can scan the equipment information and usage information which making daily management become more convenient and easier. The perception nodes join the network in wireless multi-hop transmission way, without rewiring or moving the placement of equipments during the process of the system established. Fig 6 software interface of MFC real-time monitoring module Fig 4 Software architecture of the center Management Server replace table and the pre_hop by The packet is for uplink or downlink is determined by whether the sequence_num value is 0. For uplink packet, send this packet according to the next hop in routing itself. Rebroadcast this packet if its routing table has not been set up and add a route entry for the pre_hop, record the pre_hop as the next hop to itself. For downlink data request packet, record the pre_hop of the packet from which it received the first copy of the data request as the next hop to center perception node in routing table. And then determine whether the destination address equals itself, if so, record the pre_hop and send data to pre_hop, otherwise, unicast the data request packet to next hop if this node possesses a current route to the destination, otherwise, rebroadcast this data request packet. V. SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE OF CENTER MANAGEMENT SERVER Center Management Server The software, developed by Microsoft visual C++, MySQL service and Eclipse, is a comprehensive management system that integrates the data collection, information processing and sharing. Software architecture of the Center Management Server consists of three parts: MySQL database [9], real-time monitoring MFC module and JSP.NET module [10]. Software architecture of the center Management Server is shown in Fig4. stores equipment information collected by all perception nodes, to facilitate the equipment monitoring and management, an equipment information database is established on the management server. Structure of the equipment information database is shown in Figure 5. The pair < lab information, equipment information > uniquely identifies equipment. Abnormal equipments entry represents one or more equipment is missing or out of its location. Web cmd entry is particular used for administrator’s remote monitoring command. Distribute RFID readers and the corresponding address according to the size and number of equipment of the laboratory. Equipment information stored in the database makes equipment locating and information searching easily. 1197

ACKNOWLEDGMENT [6] Lijun Li, Daihua Wang, Jing Zu, “Design of wireless data transmission system based on CC1100”(in Chinese), Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology, vol. 26, no. 12, pp. 42-45, 2007. [7] C. E. Perkins, E. M. Royer, “Ad-hoc on- demand distance vector routing” , In Proceedings of the WMCSA '99. Second IEEE Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, 1999, pp. 90–100. [8] Charles E. Perkins, Pravin Bhagwat, “Highly dynamic destination-sequenced distance-vector routing (DSDV) for Mobile Computers”, In Proceedings of the SIGCOMM ’94 Conference on Communications Architectures, Protocols and Applications, 1994,pp. 234–244. [9] Xuhui Lan, Jiajun Xiong, Gang Deng, “Development of application program based on MySQL”(in Chinese), Computer Engineering and Design, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 442– 443, 2004. [10] Feng Bao, Dongyun Lu, Xianfeng He “JSP.NET technology and its architecture design” (in Chinese), In Proceedings th episode of the scientific database and IT, 2006, pp. 230–235. [11] Ying Wang, Huajun Sun, “Design and implementation of serial communication based on VC + +”(in Chinese), Modern electronic technology, vol. 34, no. 12, pp. 19-20, 2011. [12] Jiabin Li, “The research of communication and management of meter reading system based on WSN” (in Chinese), Ph.D. dissertation, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications. 2010. [13] Gong Cheng, Dianfu Yang, “Comparison and selection about visiting technology of several database in VC”(in Chinese), Application Research of Computers, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 82-84, 2002. [14] Miao Mai, Ciyong Luo, “The exploitation of database application by MFC ODBC Technique in VC”(in Chinese), Information technology, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 75-76, 2003. [15] Cailan Zhou, Lin Sun, Sufen Li, “Web database connection JSP”(in Chinese), Computer technology based on Technology and Development, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 209–211, 2006. [16] Yajuan Wang, Yi Zhao, Tao Wei, “Development and application of dynamic production facilities management system based on B/S mode”(in Chinese), Silicon Valley, vol. 17, pp. 106–107, 2011. After a period of actual operation, CC1100 wireless multi-hop transmission network can be steady operated without intervention, at the same timethe daily usage information of the equipment is normal. The usage information of equipment records is stored in the center management server database, and report generated directly through the web browser. Remote equipment monitoring and management system based on IOT not only facilitates equipment management, but also provides a convenient platform to improve the utilization of equipments. With the rapid development of IOT, monitoring and management based on IOT will be widely applied in the future time. This paper is supported by National Natural Science and (Grant No.61172130) Foundation of China RCS2009K008 from Beijing Jiaotong University. REFERENCES [1] Xingbiao Mao, “Construction of colleges and universities equipment fixed asset management in IOT based on RFID technology”(in Chinese), Education and Teaching Forum, vol. 30, pp. 99–100, 2010. [2] Puchun Yu, “On the Internet of Things and Internet of Things technology development in China”(in Chinese), Silicon Valley, vol. 13, pp. 18, 2010. [3] Xinsheng Wu, Xiaohong Mao, Keqin Li, “Design of colleges and universities asset management system based on IOT technology”(in Chinese), Internet of Things technology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 68-69, 2012. [4] Wenbing Fan, Xiaoguang Cao,Yan Chen, “Design of RFID on middleware University communication technology”(in (Engineering Science), vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 47-50, 2007. based Zhengzhou component Chinese), [5] Hongyue Dai, Xiaozheng Lai, Hailong Zhu, Shengli Lai, “Application of FPGA in real-time digital signal processing for UHF RFID system”(in Chinese), Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation, vol. 44, no. 12, pp. 58-61, 2007. 1198