2019年浙江宁波大学翻译硕士英语考研真题.doc

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2019 年浙江宁波大学翻译硕士英语考研真题 B. Provided C. Unless D. While B. turned over C. turned away D. turned off D. have the last word B. preserve C. consume B. have a word C. have the word Part I Vocabulary and Grammar (30 points: 20 for Section A, and 10 for Section B) Section A: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. 1.Andrew wanted to be transferred to another department, but her application was _____ because her own department is understaffed. A.turned down 2.Helen’s been neglecting her homework lately. I’ll _____ with her parents about it. A.have words 3.______ more societies are geared to retirement at around 65, companies have a looming problem of knowledge management. A.Given that 4.Psychologists maintain that the nature of human beings entails a strong need to _____ their free time; idleness can be as stressful as activity. A. D. organize 5._____ age twenty, Robert Kelly left KCRA, Inc. to enroll _____ the University of California at Davis. A. at; at C. upon; in 6.We had the unmeasured _____ of the enemy and their air attack still beating upon us. A. threaten 7.I _____ the Head Master’s permission to alter darker to sterner. “Not less we praise in sterner days.” A. have obtained 8.AIDS is said __________ the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region. A. being 9.Sometimes he was brilliant; sometimes he was maddeningly tiresome. The underlined word means ________. A. exhausting 10.Uncle Bubba was tough, kind, funny, and scary all _________ one, which was just what Dan and I needed. A. mix into B. merged into 11.In fact, as he approached his beloved daughter, he only barely resisted the ________ to stroke her pretty soft hair. A. impulse 12.The price of the organic vegetable will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight ________ is. A. payment 13.As the temperature dropped abruptly, the campers were ________ all over with cold. C. to have been D. having been B. dull C. annoying D. bored B. acquire C. had possessed B. misfortune C. flinch C. fixed into D. rolled into B. charge C. fund D. price B. intuition C. instinct D. incentive D. contained B. at; in D. on; at D. menace endanger B. to be

C. shaking C. sought D. attitude D. furnished D. staggering B. in terms of C. in quest of A. spinning B. shivering 14.The English language contains a (an) ________ of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation. A. altitude B. latitude C. multitude 15.The mayor expressed his heart-felt gratitude through the reporters for the timely assistance and support the people from other cities had kindly ________ to his citizens. A. rendered B. secured 16.The younger person’s attraction to stereos cannot be explained only ________ familiarity with technology. A. by means of 17.Lucy ________ going back to school since she saved enough money, but she hasn’t decided yet. A.considered C.is going to consider 18.Many reporters hurried to the airport, ________ that the superstar had already left. A.had been told C.only to be told 19.Once you become a soldier, you will be given a monthly ________ by the army. A. income C. wage 20.The Olympic Games ________ in 776 B. C. in Olympia, a small town in Greece. A. originated C. derived B. being told D. unfortunately told D. has been considering B. had considered D. by virtue of B. allowance D. descended D. salary B. stemmed 22 23 21 Section B: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked, A, B, C, and D You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. In Cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, those of the young women, but also a a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents matchmaker. A young man can the marriage negotiations. or the young man’s parents may make the choice to of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. , a girl may a spouse has been selected, each veto the spouse her parents have chosen. family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying a good family. The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer 27 28 a short sermon and prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 29 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and respected couples to bless the a candle around a circle of happily married and . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the 24 25 26 31 30

with them up to a year, 33 they can build a flew 32 wife’s parents and may house nearby. Divorce is legal and easy to 36 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is may remarry, but a gender prejudice waiting period before he can remarry 39 40 34 , but not common .Divorced persons are 35 into equally. Divorced persons up .The divorced male doesn’t have a property he or she 38 37 the woman must wait the months. B. as well as B. provide for C. on behalf of C. compete with D. with regard to D. decide on C. arrange D. postpone C. In time D. For example D. Unless D. through D. so C. from C. recite C. but B. renew B. within B. or B. copy B. piling 21. A. by way of 22. A. adapt to 23. A. close 24. A. In theory B. Above all 25. A. Although B. Lest C. After 26. A. into 27. A. sine 28. A. test 29. A. folding 30. A. lighting B. passing 31. A. meeting 32. A. grow B. part 33. A. whereas 34. A. obtain 35. A. isolated 36. A. wherever B. however B. brought 37. A. changed B. invested 38. A. divided 39. A. clears B. warms B. so what 40. A. while B. until B. follow B. association B. persuaded C. wrapping C. hiding C. collection D. live C. deal C. for C. challenge D. create D. tying D. serving D. union D. if D. avoid C. viewed D. exposed C. whenever C. shaped C. donated C. shows C. once D. whatever D. pushed D. withdrawn D. breaks D. in that Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points: 2×20) Direction: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D You are expected to make the best choice. Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage A number of scientific studies have found that the amount of sugar we consume is a major factor in how big Americans have become. In the last half century, consumption of sugars by the average American has increased by more than 24 pounds a year, expanding waistlines and crowding out more nutritious foods. Furthermore, the studies indicate that the main dietary culprit for both the increase in sugar and the weight of Americans has been the ever-growing consumption of sugary drinks, especially soda. These soft drinks contribute 7 percent of the calories Americans consume, making them the leading source of added sugar and the single largest source of calories in our diet. Critics have repeatedly blamed high-fructose corn syrup, the inexpensive sweetener

that has helped to keep soda prices down and allowed consumption to soar. But in fact, no sugary beverage and no caloric sweetener is blameless. Not ordinary table sugar; not brown sugar or raw sugar; not honey; not even fruit juice concentrate. All these sweeteners when added to drinks contribute mostly empty calories that do little to satisfy the appetite and end up as excess energy that the body ultimately turns to fat. And soda, though the most common sugary beverage, is not the only one involved. In fact, after decades of increases, soda consumption has leveled off, but sports drinks, energy drinks and sweetened teas have become increasingly important contributors to the liquid calories Americans consume. To improve the health of its residents and its coffers, New York State is considering a consumption tax of about one penny per ounce on high-calorie sweetened beverages. The American Beverage Association, which takes major credit for an 88 percent reduction in sugared soda calories in the nation’s schools, has seriously undermined its credibility with ads opposing the so-called soda tax. In association-sponsored commercials on television and radio, housewives spout the ridiculous argument that such a tax would make it more difficult for them to feed their families. But on no nutritionist’s list are you likely to find soda listed as a desirable dietary ingredient. It is not a food, nor a basic necessity. In fact, the people likely to benefit most from a soda tax that discourages consumption are those who find it hardest to make ends meet. These are the people who can least afford to waste hard-earned dollars on empty calories that undermine their health. 41. What have many studies found according to the first two paragraphs? A. Americans’ diet contains too many nutritious foods. B. Soda is one major contributor to Americans’ obesity. C. Americans’ diet has the largest number of calories. D. Americans consume the most sugars in the world. 42. What can we know about the empty calories from the passage? A. They make people have no appetite. B. They will turn to fat at last. C. They are Americans’ basic necessity. D. They are bad for people’s health. 43. What measure does New York State want to take to improve its people’s health? A. It is planning to impose taxes on sugary drinks with high calories. B. It is considering limiting the amount of liquid calories Americans consume. C. It limits the amount of sugar added to the sugary drinks. D. It encourages the sellers to raise the price of the drinks with high calories. 44. Why does the American Beverage Association lose its credibility? A. It doesn’t think all the sugary drinks are harmful. B. It opposes reducing its nation schools’ soda calories. C. It doesn’t support the so-called soda tax. D. It discourages people to consume soda drinks. 45. What is housewives’ attitude towards the soda tax? A. Indifferent. B. Supporting. D. Disapproving. C. Suspicious.

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage: There are three basic ways in which individual economic units interact with one another. They are the market system, the administered system, and the traditional system. In a market system, individual economic units are free to interact among each other in the market place. Transactions may take place through barter or money exchange. In a barter economy, real goods such as automobiles, shoes, and pizzas are traded against each other. Obviously, finding somebody who wants to trade an old car in exchange for a sailboat may not always be an easy task. Hence the introduction of money as a medium of exchange eases transactions considerably. An alternative to the market system is administered control by some agency over all transactions. This agency will issue laws or commands as to how much each goods and service should be produced, exchanged, and consumed by each economic unit. Central planning may be one way of administering such an economy. The central plan drawn up by the government shows the amount of each commodity produced by the various firms and distributed to different households for consumption. In a traditional society, production and consumption patterns are governed by tradition. Each person′s place with the economic system is fixed by parentage, religion, and custom. Transactions take place on the basis of tradition, too. People belonging to a certain group or caste may have an obligation to care for other persons, provide them with food and shelter, care for their health, and provide for their education. Clearly, in a system where every decision is made on the basis of tradition alone progress may be difficult to achieve. 46. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain the science of economics. B. To outline types of economic systems. C. To argue for the superiority of one economic system. D. To compare barter and money exchange markets. 47. In the second paragraph, by which of the following could the word "real" best be replaced? A. High quality. C. Utter. 48. According to the passage, a barter economy can lead to____. A. rapid speed of transactions B. misunderstandings C. inflation D. difficulties for the traders 49. According to the passage who has the greatest degree of control on an administered system? A. Individual households. B. Small businesses. C. Major companies. D. The government. 50. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a criterion for B. Concrete. D. Essential.

determining a person’s position in a traditional society? A.Family background B.Age C.Religious beliefs. D.Custom Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage: The science of meteorology is concerned with the study of the structure, state, and behavior of the atmosphere. The subject may be approached from several directions, but the scene cannot be fully appreciated from any advantage point. Different views must be integrated to give perspective to the whole picture. One may consider the condition of the atmosphere at a given moment and attempt to predict changes from that condition over a period of a few hours to a few days ahead. This approach is covered by the branch of the science called synoptic（天气的） meteorology. Synoptic meteorology is the scientific basis of the technique of weather forecasting by means of the preparation and analysis of weather maps and aerological diagram. The practical importance of the numerous applications of weather forecasting cannot be overestimated. In serving the needs of shipping, aviation, agriculture, industry, and many other interests and fields of human activity with accurate weather warnings and professional forecast advice, great benefits are reaped in the form of the saving of human life and property and in economic advantages of various kinds. One important purpose of the science of meteorology is constantly to strive, through advanced study and research, to increase our knowledge of the atmosphere with the aim of improving the accuracy of weather forecasts. The tools needed to advance our knowledge in this way are the disciplines of mathematics and physics applied to solve meteorological problems. The use of these tools forms that branch of the science called dynamic meteorology. 51.The best title for the passage is ____. A.The Basics of Dynamic Meteorology B.The Limitations of Meteorological Forecasting C.Approaches to the Science of Meteorology D.New Advances in Synoptic Meteorology 52.Which of the following is not referred to by the author as a field whose needs are served by weather forecasting? A.Sports. 53.Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the third paragraph of the passage? A.Two contrasting views of a problem are presented. B.Recent scientific advancements are outlined in order of importance. C.A procedure is explained and its importance is emphasized. D.A problem is examined and possible solutions are given. 54.The author implies that increased accuracy in weather forecasting will lead to____. B. Transportation. . C. Manufacturing. D. Farming.

A.greater protection of human life B.more funds allocated to meteorological research C.a higher number of professional forecasters D.less-specialized forms of synoptic meteorology 55.In the last sentence of the passage, the phrase "these tools" refers to____. A.mathematics and physics B.weather forecasts C.meteorological problems D.economic advantage Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage: Historians of women's labor in the United States at first largely disregarded the story of female service workers-women earning wages in occupations such as salesclerk, domestic servant, and office secretary. These historians focused instead on factory work, primarily because it seemed so different from traditional, unpaid women's work in the home, and because the underlying economic forces of industrialism were presumed to be gender-blind and hence emancipator in effect. Unfortunately, emancipation has been less profound than expected, for not even industrial wage labor has escaped continued sex segregation in the workplace. To explain this unfinished revolution in the status of women, historians have recently begun to emphasize the way a prevailing definition of femininity often determines the kinds of work allocated to women, even when such allocation is inappropriate to new conditions. For instance, early textile-mill entrepreneurs, in justifying women's employment in wage labor, made much of the assumption that women were by nature skillful at detailed tasks and patient in carrying out repetitive chores; the mill owners thus imported into the new industrial order hoary stereotypes associated with the homemaking activities they presumed to have been the purview of women. Because women accepted the more unattractive new industrial tasks more readily than did men, such jobs came to be regarded as female jobs. And employers, who assumed that women's "real" aspirations were for marriage and family lire, declined to pay women wages commensurate with those of men. Thus many lower-skilled, lower-paid, less secure jobs came to be perceived as "female". More remarkable than the original has been the persistence of such sex segregation in twentieth-century industry. Once an occupation came to be perceived as "female", employers showed surprisingly little interest in changing that perception, even when higher profits beckoned. And despite the urgent need of the United. States during the Second World War to mobilize its human resources fully, job segregation by sex characterized even the most important war industries. Moreover, once the war ended, employers quickly returned to men most of the "male" jobs that women had been permitted to master.. 56.According to the passage, job segregation by sex in the United States was ________. A.perpetuated by those textile-mill owners who argued in favor of women's employment In wage labor B.one means by which women achieved greater job security

C.reluctantly challenged by employers except when the economic advantages were obvious D.a constant source of labor unrest in the young textile industry 57.According to the passage, historians of women's labor focused on factory work as a more promising area of research than service-sector work because factory work________. A.involved the payment of higher wages B.required skill in detailed tasks C.was assumed to be less characterized by sex segregation D.was more readily accepted by women than by men 58.It can be inferred from the passage that the "unfinished revolution" the author mentions in highlight text refers to the________. A.recognition that work done by women as homemakers should be compensated at rates comparable to those prevailing in the service sector of the economy B.development of a new definition of femininity unrelated to the economic forces of industrialism C.introduction of equal pay for equal work in all professions D.emancipation of women wage earners from gender-determined job allocation. 59.Which of the following words best expresses the opinion of the author of the passage concerning the notion that women are more skillful than men in carrying out detailed tasks? A.patient B.repetitive C.hoary D.homemaking 60.Which of the following statements is true about hiring policies in the United States? A.After a crisis many formerly "male" jobs are reclassified as "female" jobs. B.Industrial employers generally prefer to hire women with previous experience as homemakers. C.Post-Second World War hiring policies caused women to lose many of their wartime gains in employment opportunity. D.Even war industries during the Second World War were reluctant to hire women for factory work Part III Writing (30 points) Directions: Based on the information given below, please write an essay of about 400 words on the Answer Sheet. You have 60 minutes to plan, write, and revise your essay. Some people believe that the range of technology available to individuals today is increasing the gap between rich people and poor people, while others say that technology has the opposite effect. Discuss these points of view. What’s your opinion? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your experience or knowledge.

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2019年浙江宁波大学翻译硕士英语考研真题.doc

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