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2016 年江西东华理工大学综合英语考研真题一、改错题：（共 10 小题，每小题 2 分，共 20 分） The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way: For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in the blank provided at the end of the line. For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧” sign and write the word you believe to be missing in the blank provided at the end of the line. For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “—” and put the word in the blank provided at the end of the line. EXAMPLE People learn Languages all the time, and for all kinds of reasons. (1)____For example, you probably have various reasons to study English than your classmates. (2)____But have you ever thought about creating entirely new language from scratch? (3)____There's been a boom in made-up languages recently, driving by the epic "Lord of the Rings' and other fantasy movies and books. (4)____The trend has also fueled as more and more people venture online. There are websites, discussion boards, and chat rooms that teach how to build a language, others that share new languages, and some that seek collaborators. (5)____ Made-up languages aren't restricted on Star Trek fans and Esperanto speakers. (6)____ It spends time and determination to create a new language. A creator needs to do more than substitute existing words with invented ones. There' s rhythm and intonation to consider-how does the language sound when spoken? (7)____ If it's invented for humans in a movie or book, how does biology change the sound? How does it represent the culture of the people who speak it? Then there are grammar rules, such as masculine and feminine nouns or verbs, word order, or the use of irregular verbs. (8)____Even if a simple language can take years to develop. Yet the new languages don't have the same sticking power as real languages like English. (9)____ As for the made-up languages of today, there are an infinite number of reason behind their creation. (10)____Some people do it as a hobby, another as a way to relax Some just like the challenge. 二、语法词汇：（共 30 小题，每小题 1 分，共 30 分）

In this section, there are 20 sentences concerning about grammar or lexis, fill in the blanks referring to the multiple choices and mark the best answers on ANSWERSHEET TWO. 1. Individual sports are run by 370 independent governing bodies whose functions usually include ______ rules, holding events, selecting national teams and promoting international links. A. drawing on B. drawing in C. drawing up D. drawing down 2. Body paint or face paint is used mostly by men in pre-literate societies in order to attract good health or to ______ disease. A. set aside B. ward off C. shrug off D. give away 3. We object to the idea that it is military force that should be ______ in settling international disputes. A. applied to B. resorted to C. fallen back on D. restrained from 4. Attendances at football matches have ______ since the coming of the television. A. dropped in B. dropped down C. dropped off D. dropped out 5. Although the false bank-notes fooled many people, they did not ______ to close examination. A. look up B. pay up C. keep up D. stand up 6. ____native to North America, corn has now spread all over the world. A. In spite of B. That it is C. It was D. Although 7. Our civilization cannot be thought of as____in a short period of time. A. to have been created

B. to be created C. having been created D. being created 8. We feel it is high time that the Government ____something to check the inflation. A. did B. do C. should do D. would do 9. It has been proposed that we____our decision until the next meeting. A. delayed B. delay C. can delay D. are to delay 10. Hurricanes are severe cyclones with winds over seventy five miles an hour ____originate over tropical ocean waters. A. which B. who C. where D. how to 11. ____is announced in the papers, our country has launched a large scale movement against smuggling and fraudulent activities in foreign currency exchange deals. A. What B. As C. Which D. That 12. All the flights____because of the snowstorm, we had to take the train instead. A. were canceled B. had been canceled C. having canceled D. having been canceled 13. Once ____, this power station will supply all the neighboring towns and villages with electricity. A. it being completed B. it completed C. completed D. it completes 14. He might have been killed ____the timely arrival of the ambulance. A. but for B. except for C. besides D. except

15. If you have never planted anything, you won’t be able to know the pleasure of watching the thing you have planted ____. A. grow B. to grow C. growing D. to be growing 16. He did me a ____turn by lending me ten pounds. A. good B. nice C. fine D. pretty 17. Once our chickens started laying eggs, we had such a ____of eggs that we were giving many away to our neighbors. A. output B. surplus C. production D. plenty 18. Following are comments about the behavior that people in Korea usually expect in various social ____. A. occasions B. cases C. situations D. circumstances 19. They have considered their high standard of living a(n)____for practicing their basic beliefs. A. award B. reward C. result D. consequence 20. Mac’s close____to his brother made people mistake them for one another. A. resemblance B. identity C. appearance D. relationship 21. The emperor was loved by his friends, respected by his subjects, and__________ . A. His enemies feared him B. Feared by his enemies C. Frightened his enemies D. He scared his enemies

22. I hope you don’t think I’m__________ but I’ve had the electric fire on for most of the day. A. exquisite B. extravagant C. exotic D. eccentric 23. He argued forcefully and_________ that they were likely to bankrupt the budget. A. bluntly B. convincingly C. emphatically D. determinedly 24. Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always_______ with other elements, most commonly with oxygen. A. combined B. combine C. having combined D. being combined 25. People will be looking in to see how good we are now and whether our success has just been a_______ in the pan. A. flare B. glitter C. spark D. flash 26. Their happiness was very____. A. crisp B. brittle C. delicate D. fragile 27. I was awfully tired when I got home from work, but a half hour nap ____me. A. revived B. released C. relieved D. recovered 28. We should always keep in mind that____decisions often lead to bitter regrets. A. hasty B. instant C. prompt D. rapid 29. Information and opinion gap exercises have to have some content ____talking about. A. worthwhile B. worthily

C. worth D. worthy 30. “If we fail to act now,” said Tom, “We’ll find ourselves ____in action later on.” A. paid back B. paid for C. paid up D. paid off 三、阅读理解题：（共 19 小题，每小题 2 分，共 38 分） In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 30 multiple-choice questions or brief answering questions. Read the passages and then mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. TEXT A Which is safer-staying at home, traveling to work on public transport, or working in the office? Surprisingly, each of these carries the same risk, which is very low. However, what about flying compared to working in the chemical industry? Unfortunately, the former is 65 times riskier than the latter! In fact, the accident rate of workers in the chemical industry is less than that of almost any of human activity, and almost as safe as staying at home. The trouble with the chemical industry is that when things go wrong they often cause death to those living nearby. It is this which makes chemical accidents so newsworthy. Fortunately, they are extremely rare. The most famous ones happened at Texas City (1947),Flixborough (1974), Seveso (1976), Pemex (1984) and Bhopal (1984). Some of these are always in the minds of the people even though the loss of life was small. No one died at Seveso, and only 28 workers at Flixborough. The worst accident of all was Bhopal, where up to 3,000 were killed. The Texas City explosion of fertilizer killed 552. The Pemex fire at a storage plant for natural gas in the suburbs of Mexico City took 542 lives, just a month before the unfortunate event at Bhopal. Some experts have discussed these accidents and used each accident to illustrate a particular danger. Thus the Texas City explosion was caused by tons of ammonium nitrate（硝酸铵）,which is safe unless stored in great quantity. The Flixborough fireball was the fault of management, which took risks to keep production going during essential repairs. The Seveso accident shows what happens if the local authorities lack knowledge of the danger on their doorstep. When the poisonous gas drifted over the town, local leaders were incapable of taking effective action. The Pemex fire was made worse by an overloaded site in an overcrowded suburb. The fire set off a chain reaction on exploding storage tanks. Yet, by a miracle, the two largest tanks did not explode. Had these caught fire, then 3,000 strong rescue team and fire fighters would all have died. 1. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Working at the office is safer than staying at home. B. Travelling to work on public transport is safer than working at the office. C. Staying at home is safer than working in the chemical industry. D. Working in the chemical industry is safer than traveling by air. 2. Chemical accidents are usually important enough to be reported as news because ____. A. they are very rare B. they often cause loss of life C. they always occur in big cities D. they arouse the interest of all the readers 3. According to passage, the chemical accident that caused by the fault of management happened at ____. A. Texas city B. Flixborough C. Seveso D. Mexico City 4. From the passage we know that ammonium nitrate is a kind of ____. A. natural gas, which can easily catch fire B. fertilizer, which can't be stored in a great quantity C. poisonous substance, which can't be used in overcrowded areas D. fuel, which is stored in large tanks 5. From the discussion among some experts we may conclude that ____. A.to avoid any accidents we should not repair the facilities in chemical industry B. the local authorities should not be concerned with the production of the chemical industry C. all these accidents could have been avoided or controlled if effective measure had been taken D. natural gas stored in very large tanks is always safe TEXT B Recently, Congressional Democrats introduced legislation to make it easier for older workers to win age discrimination lawsuits. Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue. In recent ten years, 15.79 percent of cases brought to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, were described as successful claims. While this number is small given the number of workers covered by the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, many, if not most, instances of age discrimination are never sued, and cases hiring discrimination often go undetected.

Most of those who do sue are white, male middle-managers who are likely to have lost a sizeable salary and pension. For the most part, other groups do not sue because the costs of a lawsuit outweigh the potential benefits. Age discrimination remains a significant workplace issue. There is strong experimental evidence for age discrimination in hiring, at least for entry-level jobs. Recently, I performed a labor market experiment in Boston in which I sent out thousands of resumes for fictitious (虚构的) entry-level female candidates and measured response rate based on date of high school graduation. Among this group, younger applicants, whose date of high school graduation indicated that they were less than 50 years old, were 40 percent more likely to be called back for an interview than were older applicants. It is difficult to tell whether employment problems are worse for older workers than for other workers when times are bad. The number of discrimination lawsuits increases during times of high unemployment, but this finding by itself does not indicate an increased level of age discrimination. In times of higher unemployment, the opportunity cost to a lawsuit is lower than it is when times are good. From the employer's perspective, mass layoffs may seem like a good chance to remove a higher proportion of generally more expensive older workers without the worry of being sued. On the other hand, employers may be less likely to remove protected older workers because' they still fear lawsuits. One thing we do know is that once an older worker loses a job, he or she is much less likely to find a new job than a younger worker is. Unfortunately, the effect of legislation prohibiting age discrimination is not easy to see and may actually be part of the reason it is so difficult for older workers to find employment. If it is more difficult to fire an older worker than a younger worker, a firm will be less likely to want to hire older workers. Indeed, my research finds that in states where workers have

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