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Learning Core Audio 无水印版.pdf

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    Contents
    About the Authors
    Foreword
    Introduction
    Audience for This Book
    What You Need to Know
    Looking Up Documentation
    How This Book Is Organized
    About the Sample Code
    I: Understanding Core Audio
    1 Overview of Core Audio
    Core Audio Conventions
    The Core Audio Frameworks
    Your First Core Audio Application
    Core Audio Properties
    Summary
    2 The Story of Sound
    Making Waves
    Digital Audio
    DIY Samples
    Buffers
    Audio Formats
    Summary
    3 Audio Processing with Core Audio
    Audio Data Formats
    Canonical Formats
    Processing Audio with Audio Units
    The Pull Model
    Summary
    II: Basic Audio
    4 Recording
    All About Audio Queues
    Building a Recorder
    A CheckError() Function
    Creating and Using the Audio Queue
    Utility Functions for the Audio Queue
    Summary
    5 Playback
    Defining the Playback Application
    Setting Up a File-Playing Audio Queue
    Playback Utility Functions
    The Playback Audio Queue Callback
    Features and Limits of Queue-Based Playback
    Summary
    6 Conversion
    The afconvert Utility
    Using Audio Converter Services
    Setting Up Files for Conversion
    Converting with Extended Audio File Services
    Summary
    III: Advanced Audio
    7 Audio Units: Generators, Effects, and Rendering
    Where the Magic Happens
    How Audio Units Work
    Sizing Up the Audio Units
    Your First Audio Units
    Speech and Effects with Audio Units
    Adding Your Code to the Audio Rendering Process
    Summary
    8 Audio Units: Input and Mixing
    Working with I/O Input
    Mixing
    Summary
    9 Positional Sound
    Sound in Space
    The OpenAL API
    Putting a Sound in Space
    Streaming Audio in OpenAL
    Summary
    IV: Additional Topics
    10 Core Audio on iOS
    Is That Core Audio in Your Pocket?
    Playing Nicely with Others: Audio Session Services
    An Audio Session Example
    Audio Units on iOS
    Other iOS Audio Tricks
    Summary
    11 Core MIDI
    MIDI Concepts
    Core MIDI
    Instrument Units
    Building a Simple MIDI Synthesizer
    Handling MIDI Notifications and Events
    Creating MIDI Events
    Summary: MIDI Mastery … but Mobility?
    12 Coda
    Still More Core Audio
    Next Steps
    Lion and iOS 5
    The Core Audio Community
    Summary: Sounds Good
    Index
    A
    B
    C
    D
    E
    F
    G-H
    I
    J-K-L
    M
    N
    O
    P
    Q-R
    S
    T
    U-Z
    ptg7913098
    Learning Core Audio
    ptg7913098
    Learning Core Audio A Hands-On Guide to Audio Programming for Mac and iOS Chris Adamson Kevin Avila Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid Cape Town • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City ptg7913098
    Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publish- er was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omis- sions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. The publisher offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk pur- chases or special sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests. For more information, please contact: U.S. Corporate and Government Sales (800) 382-3419 corpsales@pearsontechgroup.com For sales outside the United States, please contact: International Sales international@pearsoned.com Visit us on the Web: informit.com/aw Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Adamson, Chris, 1967- Learning Core audio : a hands-on guide to audio programming for Mac and iOS / Chris Adamson, Kevin Avila. p. cm. ISBN 978-0-321-63684-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-321-63684-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Computer sound processing—Computer programs. 2. Core audio. 3. Apple computer— Programming. I. Avila, Kevin, 1980- II. Title. TK7881.4.A244 2012 006.4'5—dc23 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. 2012000862 All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited repro- duction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, elec- tronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission to use materi- al from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to (201) 236-3290. ISBN-13: 978-0-32-163684-3 ISBN-10: 0-32-163684-8 Text printed in the United States on recycled paper at R.R. Donnelley in Crawfordsville, Indiana. Second printing, June 2012 Editor-in-Chief Mark Taub Senior Acquisitions Editor Trina MacDonald Development Editor Chris Zahn Managing Editor Kristy Hart Senior Project Editor Lori Lyons Copy Editor Krista Hansing Editorial Services, Inc. Senior Indexer Cheryl Lenser Proofreader Kathy Ruiz Technical Reviewers Mark Dalrymple Mark Granoff Michael James Chris Liscio Robert Strogan Alex Wiltschko Publishing Coordinator Olivia Basegio Multimedia Developer Dan Scherf Cover Designer Chuti Prasertsith Compositor Nonie Ratcliff ptg7913098
    Contents About the Authors Foreword xv xiii Introduction 1 Audience for This Book 2 What You Need to Know 3 Looking Up Documentation 3 How This Book Is Organized 5 About the Sample Code 9 I: Understanding Core Audio 1 Overview of Core Audio 13 The Core Audio Frameworks Core Audio Conventions Your First Core Audio Application 15 14 16 Running the Example 19 Core Audio Properties Summary 23 22 2 The Story of Sound 25 25 Making Waves Digital Audio DIY Samples Buffers 40 Audio Formats Summary 41 27 32 40 ptg7913098
    vi Contents 3 Audio Processing with Core Audio 43 Audio Data Formats 43 Example: Figuring Out Formats 46 51 Canonical Formats Processing Audio with Audio Units The Pull Model Summary 55 55 II: Basic Audio 4 Recording 59 59 All About Audio Queues Building a Recorder A CheckError() Function Creating and Using the Audio Queue Utility Functions for the Audio Queue 63 60 53 64 71 The Recording Audio Queue Callback 75 Summary 78 5 Playback 81 Defining the Playback Application 81 Setting Up a File-Playing Audio Queue 83 85 Playback Utility Functions Setting Up the Playback Buffers Starting the Playback Queue 89 Handling the Magic Cookie Calculating Buffer Size and Expected Packet Count 88 89 90 The Playback Audio Queue Callback Features and Limits of Queue-Based Playback Summary 95 91 94 6 Conversion 97 The afconvert Utility Using Audio Converter Services Setting Up Files for Conversion 97 100 102 Calling Audio Converter Services Implementing the Converter Callback 105 109 ptg7913098
    Contents vii Converting with Extended Audio File Services 112 Reading and Converting with Extended Audio Files 118 Summary 116 III: Advanced Audio 7 Audio Units: Generators, Effects, and Rendering 123 123 Where the Magic Happens How Audio Units Work Sizing Up the Audio Units Your First Audio Units 129 124 126 Building the main() Function 131 Creating an Audio Unit Graph 133 Setting Up the File Player Audio Unit 137 Speech and Effects with Audio Units 141 Building Blocks of the Speech Synthesis Graph Creating a Speech Synthesis AUGraph Setting Up a Speech Synthesizer 146 Adding Effects 144 147 142 Adding Your Code to the Audio Rendering Process 150 The Audio Unit Render Cycle 150 A Custom Rendering Example 151 Creating and Connecting Audio Units The Render Callback Function 155 154 Summary 160 8 Audio Units: Input and Mixing 161 Working with I/O Input 161 Connecting Input and Output Units Creating an AUHAL Unit for Input Writing the Input Callback 176 Building an AUGraph to Play Samples from a 164 168 CARingBuffer 178 Writing the Play-Through App’s Render Callback Running the Play-Through Example 182 181 183 Mixing Summary 189 ptg7913098
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