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Qt串口通信开发之Qt串口通信模块QSerialPort开发完整实例（串口助手开发）.pdf
串口通信开发之Qt串口通信模块
Qt串口通信开发之
发）发）
主要介绍了Qt串口通信开发之Qt串口通信模块QSerialPort开发完整实例（串口助手开发）,需要的朋友可以参考下
串口通信模块QSerialPort开发完整实例（串口助手开
开发完整实例（串口助手开
之前自己写了用于上位机做基本收发的界面，独立出来相当于一个串口助手，先贴图：
功能作为串口助手来说还算完善，五个发送槽，一个接收槽，可以检测可用串口并加上相关标志，串口设置，记数功能，还有菜单栏上的文件操作和一些
选择功能。
下面说一说这个项目:
做这个串口助手分为两步，第一步是设计界面，第二部是功能的代码实现。
一、界面设计
一、界面设计
界面设计用Qt Designer，当然用Qt Creator的界面编辑器也可以，只不过感觉Qt Designer更好用一点，因为可以随时运行查看你的界面效果而不用编译整
个项目输出一个可执行程序再看看界面效果，这样会影响效率。
界面设计你想界面是什么样就怎么样设计，拉控件，排版，设置大小，修改对象名等等，都在这上面做好，这些用程序写的话会很麻烦，工作量也大。这
上面的对象名很重要，因为在后面的代码实现中会用到，这个界面用到的控件还是挺多的，这里也不一个一个讲，我直接贴出来：
senderGB_1 - 5都是一样的，改下数就行
当然，用你自己喜欢的命名也可以，后面程序改下名字就行。
二、代码实现
二、代码实现
先贴代码
basictransceiver.h
#ifndef BASICTRANSCEIVER_H
#define BASICTRANSCEIVER_H
#include
#include "ui_basictransceiver.h"
class QTimer;
class SerialPortSetting;
class QSerialPort;
class QPushButton;
class BasicTransceiver : public QMainWindow, public Ui::BasicTransceiver
{
Q_OBJECT
public:
explicit BasicTransceiver(QWidget *parent = 0);
~BasicTransceiver();
void StringToHex(QString str, QByteArray &senddata);
char ConvertHexChar(char ch);
void startAutoSend(QPushButton *sendButton);
void setConnections();
void writeHex(QTextEdit *textEdit);
void writeChr(QTextEdit *textEdit);
void resetCnt();
protected:
void dragEnterEvent(QDragEnterEvent *event);
void dropEvent(QDropEvent *event);
private slots:
void checkAutoSendCB();
void on_cleanButton_clicked();
void on_receiveTextBrowser_textChanged();
void setBaudRate();
void setParity();
void setDataBits();
void setStopBits();
void setFlowCtrl();
void on_connectButton_toggled(bool checked);
void setComLabel();
void setBaudLabel();
void writeToBuf();
void enabledSendButton();
void disabledSendButton();
void enabledAutoSend();
void disabledAutoButton();
void resetAutoSendCB();
void readMyCom();
void checkAvailablePorts();
void on_checkAPButton_clicked();
void checkPort();
void on_resetCntButton_clicked();
void on_exitButton_clicked();
bool saveAs();
void open();
//void about();
private:
bool loadFile(const QString &fileName);
bool readFile(const QString &fileName);
bool saveFile(const QString &fileName);
bool writeFile(const QString &fileName);
QTimer *Timer_AS;//自动发送定时器
QTimer *Timer_UPDATE;
QTimer *Timer_CP;//定时检测串口是否存在
SerialPortSetting *SPSetting;
QSerialPort *mySerialPort;
QSet portSet;
QVector iVec;
QString senderFlag;
QString readData;
bool trashFlag = false;
bool portIsOpen = false;
int BaudCnt = 0;
int ParityCnt = 0;
int DataBitsCnt = 0;
int StopBitsCnt = 0;
int FlowCtrlCnt = 0;
};
#endif // BASICTRANSCEIVER_H
basictransceiver.cpp
#include "basictransceiver.h"
#include "serialportsetting.h"
#include "ui_basictransceiver.h"
#include "ui_serialportsetting.h"
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
#include
BasicTransceiver::BasicTransceiver(QWidget *parent) :
QMainWindow(parent)
{
setupUi(this);
setFixedSize(1074, 627);
receiveTextBrowser->setAcceptDrops(false);//缺省情况下，QTextEdit接受来自其他应用程序拖拽来的文本，把文件名显示出来。
senderTextEdit_1->setAcceptDrops(false);
senderTextEdit_2->setAcceptDrops(false);
senderTextEdit_3->setAcceptDrops(false);
senderTextEdit_4->setAcceptDrops(false);
senderTextEdit_5->setAcceptDrops(false);
setAcceptDrops(true);//通过禁止QTextEdit控件的drop事件，允许主窗口得到drop事件
connectButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/open.png"));
cleanButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/empty_bin.png"));
checkAPButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/find.png"));
resetCntButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/to_zero.png"));
exitButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/exit.png"));
actionWrite_data->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/write.png"));
actionRead_data->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/read.png"));
actionChoose_file->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/select_file.png"));
exitAction->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/exit.png"));
actionAbout->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/about.png"));
sendButton_1->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/send.png"));
sendButton_2->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/send.png"));
sendButton_3->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/send.png"));
sendButton_4->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/send.png"));
sendButton_5->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/send.png"));
setConnections();
emit checkAvailablePorts();
Timer_CP = new QTimer(this);
Timer_UPDATE = new QTimer(this);
connect(Timer_UPDATE, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(repaint()));
Timer_UPDATE->start(2000);
Timer_AS = new QTimer(this);
}
BasicTransceiver::~BasicTransceiver()
{
}
void BasicTransceiver::checkAutoSendCB()
{
QObject *signalSender = sender();
if ( signalSender->objectName() == "autoSendCB_1")
{
if (autoSendCB_1->isChecked())
{
intervalSB_1->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_2->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_3->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_4->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_5->setEnabled(false);
startAutoSend(sendButton_1);
} else if (!autoSendCB_1->isChecked()) {
Timer_AS->stop();
Timer_AS->disconnect();
intervalSB_1->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_2->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_3->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_4->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_5->setEnabled(true);
enabledSendButton();
}
} else if ( signalSender->objectName() == "autoSendCB_2") {
if (autoSendCB_2->isChecked())
{
intervalSB_2->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_1->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_3->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_4->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_5->setEnabled(false);
startAutoSend(sendButton_2);
} else if (!autoSendCB_2->isChecked()) {
Timer_AS->stop();
Timer_AS->disconnect();
intervalSB_2->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_1->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_3->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_4->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_5->setEnabled(true);
enabledSendButton();
}
} else if ( signalSender->objectName() == "autoSendCB_3") {
if (autoSendCB_3->isChecked())
{
intervalSB_3->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_1->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_2->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_4->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_5->setEnabled(false);
startAutoSend(sendButton_3);
} else if (!autoSendCB_3->isChecked()) {
Timer_AS->stop();
Timer_AS->disconnect();
intervalSB_3->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_1->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_2->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_4->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_5->setEnabled(true);
enabledSendButton();
}
} else if ( signalSender->objectName() == "autoSendCB_4") {
if (autoSendCB_4->isChecked())
{
intervalSB_4->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_1->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_2->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_3->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_5->setEnabled(false);
startAutoSend(sendButton_4);
} else if (!autoSendCB_4->isChecked()) {
Timer_AS->stop();
Timer_AS->disconnect();
intervalSB_4->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_1->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_2->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_3->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_5->setEnabled(true);
enabledSendButton();
}
} else if ( signalSender->objectName() == "autoSendCB_5") {
if (autoSendCB_5->isChecked())
{
intervalSB_5->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_1->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_2->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_3->setEnabled(false);
autoSendCB_4->setEnabled(false);
startAutoSend(sendButton_5);
} else if (!autoSendCB_5->isChecked()) {
Timer_AS->stop();
Timer_AS->disconnect();
intervalSB_5->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_1->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_2->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_3->setEnabled(true);
autoSendCB_4->setEnabled(true);
enabledSendButton();
}
}
}
//清除接收区的内容
void BasicTransceiver::on_cleanButton_clicked()
{
if (trashFlag == true) {
receiveTextBrowser->clear();
cleanButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/empty_bin.png"));
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::on_receiveTextBrowser_textChanged()
{
QString tempStr = receiveTextBrowser->toPlainText();
if (!tempStr.isEmpty()) {
trashFlag = true;
if (autoClean->isChecked()){
if (tempStr.size() >6200 ){
receiveTextBrowser->clear();
cleanButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/empty_bin.png"));
}
} else {
cleanButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/clean.png"));
}
} else {
trashFlag = false;
cleanButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/empty_bin.png"));
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::setBaudRate()
{
if (portIsOpen) {
if (BAUDCB->currentText() == "115200")
mySerialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud115200);
else if (BAUDCB->currentText() == "9600")
mySerialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud9600);
else if (BAUDCB->currentText() == "1200")
mySerialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud1200);
else if (BAUDCB->currentText() == "2400")
mySerialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud2400);
else if (BAUDCB->currentText() == "4800")
mySerialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud4800);
else if (BAUDCB->currentText() == "19200")
mySerialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud19200);
else if (BAUDCB->currentText() == "38400")
mySerialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud38400);
else if (BAUDCB->currentText() == "57600")
mySerialPort->setBaudRate(QSerialPort::Baud57600);
emit setBaudLabel();
if (BaudCnt) {
statusBar()->showMessage("BaudRate set successfully", 2000);
}
++BaudCnt;
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::setParity()
{
if (portIsOpen) {
if (ParityCB->currentText() == QString::fromLocal8Bit("无校验"))
mySerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::NoParity);
else if (ParityCB->currentText() == QString::fromLocal8Bit("奇校验"))
mySerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::OddParity);
else if (ParityCB->currentText() == QString::fromLocal8Bit("偶校验"))
mySerialPort->setParity(QSerialPort::EvenParity);
if (ParityCnt) {
statusBar()->showMessage("Parity set successfully", 2000);
}
++ParityCnt;
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::setDataBits()
{
if (portIsOpen) {
if (DataBitsCB->currentText() == "8")
mySerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data8);
else if (DataBitsCB->currentText() == "7")
mySerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data7);
else if (DataBitsCB->currentText() == "6")
mySerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data6);
else if (DataBitsCB->currentText() == "5")
mySerialPort->setDataBits(QSerialPort::Data5);
if (DataBitsCnt) {
statusBar()->showMessage("DataBits set successfully", 2000);
}
++DataBitsCnt;
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::setStopBits()
{
if (portIsOpen) {
if (StopBitsCB->currentText() == "1")
mySerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneStop);
else if (StopBitsCB->currentText() == "1.5")
mySerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::OneAndHalfStop);
else if (StopBitsCB->currentText() == "2")
mySerialPort->setStopBits(QSerialPort::TwoStop);
if (StopBitsCnt) {
statusBar()->showMessage("StopBits set successfully", 2000);
}
++StopBitsCnt;
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::setFlowCtrl()
{
if (portIsOpen) {
if (FlowCtrlCB->currentText() == "off")
mySerialPort->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::NoFlowControl);
else if (FlowCtrlCB->currentText() == "hardware")
mySerialPort->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::HardwareControl);
else if (FlowCtrlCB->currentText() == "xonxoff")
mySerialPort->setFlowControl(QSerialPort::SoftwareControl);
if (FlowCtrlCnt) {
statusBar()->showMessage("FlowCtrl set successfully", 2000);
}
++FlowCtrlCnt;
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::resetCnt()
{
BaudCnt = 0;
ParityCnt = 0;
DataBitsCnt = 0;
StopBitsCnt = 0;
FlowCtrlCnt = 0;
}
//打开和关闭串口
void BasicTransceiver::on_connectButton_toggled(bool checked)
{
if (checked == true) {
mySerialPort = new QSerialPort(this);
QString tempStr = COMCB->currentText();
tempStr.remove(" avail", Qt::CaseSensitive);
mySerialPort->setPortName(tempStr);
if (mySerialPort->open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)) {
portIsOpen = true;
emit setBaudRate();
emit setParity();
emit setDataBits();
emit setStopBits();
emit setFlowCtrl();
statusBar()->showMessage(mySerialPort->portName() + " is opened", 2000);
emit setComLabel();
emit enabledSendButton();
emit enabledAutoSend();
COMCB->setEnabled(false);
connect(Timer_CP, SIGNAL(timeout()), this, SLOT(checkPort()));
Timer_CP->start(1000);
connect(mySerialPort, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(readMyCom()));
connectButton->setText(QString::fromLocal8Bit("关闭连接"));
connectButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/close.png"));
} else {
QMessageBox::warning(this,
QString::fromLocal8Bit("串口打开失败"),
QString::fromLocal8Bit("串口不存在或本串口"
"已经被占用，请重试！"),
QMessageBox::Cancel);
connectButton->setChecked(false);
return;
}
} else if (checked == false) {
if (Timer_AS->isActive()) {
Timer_AS->stop();
emit resetAutoSendCB();
}
if (Timer_CP->isActive()) Timer_CP->stop();
Timer_CP->disconnect();
if (mySerialPort->isOpen()) mySerialPort->close();
emit disabledSendButton();
emit disabledAutoButton();
emit setComLabel();
emit setBaudLabel();
resetCnt();
COMCB->setEnabled(true);
connectButton->setText(QString::fromLocal8Bit("打开连接"));
connectButton->setIcon(QIcon(":/images/open.png"));
portIsOpen = false;
}
}
//设置显示串口号和波特率的Label
void BasicTransceiver::setComLabel()
{
if (mySerialPort->isOpen()) {
comLabel->setText(QString(mySerialPort->portName()));
} else if (!mySerialPort->isOpen()) {
comLabel->setText(QString::fromLocal8Bit("COM：#"));
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::setBaudLabel()
{
if (mySerialPort->isOpen()) {
int i_baud = mySerialPort->baudRate();
QString s_baud;
baudLabel->setText(s_baud.setNum(i_baud));
} else if (!mySerialPort->isOpen()) {
baudLabel->setText(QString::fromLocal8Bit("BAUD：#"));
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::writeToBuf()
{
QObject *signalSender = sender();
if (signalSender->objectName() == "sendButton_1") {
if (hexRB_1->isChecked()) {
writeHex(senderTextEdit_1);
} else {
writeChr(senderTextEdit_1);
}
} else if (signalSender->objectName() == "sendButton_2") {
if (hexRB_2->isChecked()) {
writeHex(senderTextEdit_2);
} else {
writeChr(senderTextEdit_2);
}
} else if (signalSender->objectName() == "sendButton_3") {
if (hexRB_3->isChecked()) {
writeHex(senderTextEdit_3);
} else {
writeChr(senderTextEdit_3);
}
} else if (signalSender->objectName() == "sendButton_4") {
if (hexRB_4->isChecked()) {
writeHex(senderTextEdit_4);
} else {
writeChr(senderTextEdit_4);
}
} else if (signalSender->objectName() == "sendButton_5") {
if (hexRB_5->isChecked()) {
writeHex(senderTextEdit_5);
} else {
writeChr(senderTextEdit_5);
}
}
}
void BasicTransceiver::writeHex(QTextEdit *textEdit)
{
QString dataStr = textEdit->toPlainText();
//如果发送的数据个数为奇数的，则在前面最后落单的字符前添加一个字符0
if (dataStr.length() % 2){
dataStr.insert(dataStr.length()-1, '0');
}
QByteArray sendData;
StringToHex(dataStr, sendData);
mySerialPort->write(sendData);
RxLCD->display(RxLCD->value() + sendData.size());
}
void BasicTransceiver::writeChr(QTextEdit *textEdit)
{
QByteArray sendData = textEdit->toPlainText().toUtf8();
if (!sendData.isEmpty() && !sendData.isNull()) {
mySerialPort->write(sendData);
}
RxLCD->display(RxLCD->value() + sendData.size());
}
void BasicTransceiver::StringToHex(QString str, QByteArray &senddata) //字符串转换为十六进制数据0-F
{
int hexdata,lowhexdata;
int hexdatalen = 0;
int len = str.length();
senddata.resize(len / 2);
char lstr,hstr;
for (int i = 0; i < len; ) {
hstr = str[i].toLatin1();
if (hstr == ' ') {
++i;
continue;
}
++i;
if (i >= len) break;
lstr = str[i].toLatin1();
hexdata = ConvertHexChar(hstr);
lowhexdata = ConvertHexChar(lstr);
if ((hexdata == 16) || (lowhexdata == 16))
break;
else
hexdata = hexdata*16 + lowhexdata;
++i;
senddata[hexdatalen] = (char)hexdata;
++hexdatalen;
}
senddata.resize(hexdatalen);
}
char BasicTransceiver::ConvertHexChar(char ch)
{
if ((ch >= '0') && (ch <= '9'))
return ch - 0x30;
else if ((ch >= 'A') && (ch <= 'F'))
return ch - 'A' + 10;
else if ((ch >= 'a') && (ch <= 'f'))
return ch - 'a' + 10;
else return ch - ch;
}
void BasicTransceiver::enabledSendButton()
{
sendButton_1->setEnabled(true);
sendButton_2->setEnabled(true);
sendButton_3->setEnabled(true);
sendButton_4->setEnabled(true);
sendButton_5->setEnabled(true);
}
void BasicTransceiver::disabledSendButton()
{
sendButton_1->setEnabled(false);
sendButton_2->setEnabled(false);
sendButton_3->setEnabled(false);
sendButton_4->setEnabled(false);
sendButton_5->setEnabled(false);
}
void BasicTransceiver::startAutoSend(QPushButton *sendButton)
{
connect(Timer_AS, SIGNAL(timeout()), sendButton, SIGNAL(clicked()));
QString interval;
if (sendButton->objectName() == "sendButton_1") {
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