2012 年福建华侨大学旅游经济学及翻译与写作考研真题 旅游经济学 一、概念题（共 6 题，每题 5 分，共 30 分） 1、旅游经济发展模式 2、旅游收入初次分配 3、旅游营业额乘数 4、边际贡献 5、旅游设施 6、旅游卫星账户 二、简答题（共 6 题，每题 10 分，共 60 分） 1、旅游供求矛盾有哪些调节方式？ 2、影响旅游外汇漏损的因素有哪些？ 

3、旅游需求具有整体性，这一点对旅游经营有何启示？ 4、旅游客源地在旅游经济运行中有哪些作用？ 5、旅游供给的影响因素有哪些？ 6、经济动力型发展观下的旅游业具有哪些特征? 三、综述题（共 2 题，每题 30 分，共 60 分） 1、旅游消费是以劳务为主的消费，可见，旅游服务在旅游消费中举足轻重，请以餐厅为例 说明如何为顾客提供优秀服务。 2、请问在旅游六要素中“行”的设计上如何突出独特性。 翻译与写作 Part I Translate the following passage into Chinese : 40 points The civilization of China, as everyone knows, is based upon the teaching of Confucius, who flourished five hundred years before Christ. Like the Greeks and Romans, he did not think of human society as naturally progressive; on the contrary, he believed that in remote antiquity rulers had been wise, and the people had been happy to a degree which the degenerate present could admire but hardly achieve. This, of course, was a delusion. But the practical result was that Confucius, like other 

teachers of antiquity, aimed at creating a stable society, maintaining a certain level of excellence, but not always striving after new successes. In this he was more successful than any other men who ever lived. His personality has been stamped on Chinese civilization from his day to our own. During his lifetime the Chinese occupied only a small part of present-day China, and were divided into a number of warring states. During the next three hundred years they established themselves throughout what is now China proper, and founded an empire exceeding in territory and population any other that existed until the last fifty years. In spite of barbarian invasions, Mongol and Manchu dynasties, and occasional longer or shorter periods of chaos and civil war, the Confucian system survived, bringing with it art and literature and a civilized way of life. It is only in our own day, through contact with the West and with the westernized Japanese, that this system has begun to break down. Part II Translate the following passage into English：35 points 一个王朝之所以覆灭，是全面衰败的结果，绝非单独事件所造成的。不过历史学者和史 评家们常常挑出某些特定的事件，认为它们是导致旧朝代灭亡的主要原因。他们有时甚至声 称，假若不是因为某件事，改朝换代就不会发生。清代就有不少学者把明朝的覆亡归咎于崇 祯皇帝处决了他手下最具才干的大将袁崇焕。还有一种说法盛行于通俗作家之中，认为使异 族入主华夏的罪魁乃是一位叫陈圆圆的美貌女子，而她不过是山海关统兵大帅吴三桂花一千 两银子买来作妾的一位歌女而己。 Part III Writing: 75 points Criticism means disapproval; it is usually a way of expressing our different ideas over a certain matter or situation. Yet, criticism may not be negative to the progress of our life. Please write a composition of no less than 500 words on this topic. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks. Suggested title: On Criticism in Our Life