2009 年江苏南京农业大学英汉互译考研真题 I.Translate the fol lowing passages into modern Chinese (75 points in all) 1.They were two perfectly insignificant and incapable individuals, whose existence is only rendered possible through the high organization of*civilized crowds. Few men realize that their life, the very essence of their character, their capabilities, are only the expression of their belief in the safety of their surroundings. Every great and every insignificant thought belongs not to the individual but to the crowd: to the crowd that believes blindly in the irresistible force of its institutions and of its morals, in the power of its police and of its opinion； (15 points) 2.The three sacred words "duty”, "honor" and "country" reverently dictate what you should be, what you can be, and what you will be. They urge you to build courage when courage seems to fail, to regain faith when there seems to be little cause for faith, to create hope when hope becomes abandoned. I am convinced that these words teach you to be proud and unbending in honest failure, but humble and gentle in success; not to substitute words for action; not to seek the path of comfort, but to face the stress of difficulty and challenge; to learn to stand up in the storm, but to have compassion on those who fall; to have a heart that is clean, a goal that is high; to learn to laugh, yet never forget how to weep; to reach into the future, yet never neglect the past; to be serious, yet never take yourself too seriously; to be modest so that you will remember the simplicity of true greatness, the open mind of true wisdom, the meekness of true strength. In short, these words teach you to be both a militant fighter and a gentleman. (30 points) 3.What a noble medium the English language is. It is not possible to write a page without experiencing positive pleasure at the richness and variety, the flexibility 

and the profoundness of our mother-tongue. If an English writer cannot say what he has to say in English, and in simple English, it is probably not worth saying. What a pity that English is not more generally studied. I am not going to attack classical education. No one who has the slightest pretension to literary tastes can be insensible to its attraction. But I confess our present educational system excites in my mind grave misgivings, which I cannot believe is the best or even reasonable, a system that thrusts upon reluctant and uncomprehending multitudes treasures which can only be appreciated by the privileged and gifted few. To the vast majority of children who attend our public schools, classical subjects are the best preparation for the study of English, I reply that by far this preparatory stage is incomplete and without deriving any of the benefits which are promised as its result. (30 points) II. Translate the following passages into English (75 points in all) 1.对于任何一种文化来说，家都是一个聚合的场所，家人和朋友聚集在同一个屋檐下，同吃 一锅饭；在家里为了身体健康而分享食物，为精神成长而培养信念。与房屋的实际结构不同， 家的内涵是一种用金钱交换不到的价值；与其说家是可以买卖的财产，毋宁说是一种表述， 其 价值远远超越了墙壁、屋顶和其他可以度量的重量和角度。家提供了一种情境，使得有 意义的 人际关系沿着生活的轨迹展开。(20 points) 2.十月的上海，阳光明媚，秋高气爽，来自 35 个国家和地区的 1300 余名比赛选手参加了 在 沪举行的本世纪最后一届世界中学生运动会。 世界各国少年在沪逗留的时间虽然短暂，但上海的风貌和中国的传统文化仍然给他们留下 了深刻的印象。无论是参观矗立于浦江之畔的东方明珠电视塔，还是游览静卧一隅的城隍庙， 他们都能感受到传统与现代的美妙结合。博大精深的中国传统文化让这些外国朋友感受到的 是 神秘和新奇，这种认知来自短暂的接触，但从此之后，他们不会忘记：有这样一个民族， 生活 在世界的东方。(25 points) 

3.中华民族的传统文化博大精深，源远流长。早在 2000 多年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表的 儒 家学说和以老庄为代表的道家学说，以及其他许多也在中国思想史上有地位的学说和学派。 这就是有名的诸子百家。 从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族的传统文化有它的许多珍品，许多人民性和民主性的好东西。 比如，强调仁爱、强调群体、强调天下为公，特别是''天下兴亡，匹夫有责〃的爱国情操和 吃苦 耐劳、勤俭持家、尊师重教、敬老尊贤的传统美德。所有这些，对家庭、对国家和社 会都起到 了巨大的维系和调节作用。(30 points)