2004 年上海华东师范大学动物学考研真题 一、名字解释（每小题 5 分，共计 60 分） 1.接合生殖 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 2.钩介幼体 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 3.呼吸树或水肺 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 4.水沟系 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 5.皮肤肌肉囊 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 6.黄色细胞 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 7.鳃囊 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 8.同源器官 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 9.耳后腺 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 10.内耳 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 11.内分泌腺 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 12.愈合荐骨 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 二、简答题（每小题 10 分，共计 50 分） 1.列出无脊椎动物各门（海绵动物门、原腔动物门除外）主要纲的名称，并举例。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 2.A 和 B 为何种动物的横切面图?简述它们之间的异同。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 3.举例并简述动物排泄器官的类型及特征。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 

4.简述硬骨鱼（以鲫鱼或鲤鱼为例）的结构及其与水生生活的适应。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 5.简述鸟类眼睛的调节方式及其与飞翔生活的关系。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 三、分析题（每小题 20 分，共计 40 分） 1.从节肢动物的特点，分析说明在动物界中节肢动物种类多、分布广的原因。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 2.蜥蜴类动物（如草蜥、石龙子、壁虎等）的尾在受到外力挤、拉、压时会自动断落，以后 又能再生，这种行为的结构基础是什么?有何生物学意义。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________