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Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction
1 What Engineers Know about Design
2 Why an Animal Needs a Brain
3 Why a Bigger Brain?
4 How Bigger Brains Are Organized
5 Information Processing: From Molecules to Molecular Circuits
6 Information Processing in Protein Circuits
7 Design of Neurons
8 How Photoreceptors Optimize the Capture of Visual Information
9 The Fly Lamina: An Efficient Interface for High-Speed Vision
10 Design of Neural Circuits: Recoding Analogue Signals to Pulsatile
11 Principles of Retinal Design
12 Beyond the Retina: Pathways to Perception and Action
13 Principles of Efficient Wiring
14 Learning as Design/Design of Learning
15 Summary and Conclusions
Notes
Introduction
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3
Chapter 4
Chapter 5
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Chapter 12
Chapter 13
Chapter 14
References
Index
Principles of Neural Design
Principles Compute with chemistry Compute directly with analog primitives Combine analog and pulsatile processing Sparsify Send only what is needed Send at the lowest acceptable rate Minimize wire Make neural components irreducibly small Complicate Adapt, match, learn, and forget
Principles of Neural Design Peter Sterling and Simon Laughlin The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England
© 2015 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. For information, please email special_sales@mitpress.mit.edu. This book was set in Stone Sans and Stone Serif by Toppan Best-set Premedia Limited. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Sterling, Peter (Professor of neuroscience), author. Principles of neural design / Peter Sterling and Simon Laughlin. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-02870-7 (hardcover : alk. paper) I. Laughlin, Simon, author. II. Title. [DNLM: 1. Brain — physiology. 2. Learning. 3. Neural Pathways. WL 300] QP376 612.8’2 — dc23 p. ; cm. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2014031498
For Sally Zigmond and Barbara Laughlin
Contents ix Preface Acknowledgments xiii Introduction xi 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 What Engineers Know about Design 1 Why an Animal Needs a Brain 11 Why a Bigger Brain? 41 How Bigger Brains Are Organized 57 Information Processing: From Molecules to Molecular Circuits 105 Information Processing in Protein Circuits 125 Design of Neurons 155 How Photoreceptors Optimize the Capture of Visual Information 195 The Fly Lamina: An Efficient Interface for High-Speed Vision 235 10 Design of Neural Circuits: Recoding Analogue Signals to Pulsatile 265 11 Principles of Retinal Design 277 12 Beyond the Retina: Pathways to Perception and Action 323 13 Principles of Efficient Wiring 363 14 Learning as Design/Design of Learning 399 15 Summary and Conclusions 433 445 447 Principles of Neural Design Notes References Index 519 465
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