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Praise for Head First HTML and CSS “Head First HTML and CSS is a thoroughly modern introduction to forward-looking practices in web page markup and presentation. It correctly anticipates readers’ puzzlements and handles them just in time. The highly graphic and incremental approach precisely mimics the best way to learn this stuff: make a small change and see it in the browser to understand what each new item means.” — Danny Goodman, author of Dynamic HTML: The Definitive Guide “Eric Freeman and Elisabeth Robson clearly know their stuff. As the Internet becomes more com- plex, inspired construction of web pages becomes increasingly critical. Elegant design is at the core of every chapter here, each concept conveyed with equal doses of pragmatism and wit.” Managing Director, Disney Online — Ken Goldstein, Executive Vice President and “The Web would be a much better place if every HTML author started off by reading this book.” http://dbaron.org/ — L. David Baron, Technical Lead, Layout and CSS, Mozilla Corporation “I’ve been writing HTML and CSS for 10 years now, and what used to be a long trial-and- error learning process has now been reduced neatly into an engaging paperback. HTML used to be something you could just hack away at until things looked okay on screen, but with the advent of web standards and the movement toward accessibility, sloppy coding practice is not acceptable anymore…from a business standpoint or a social responsibility standpoint. Head First HTML and CSS teaches you how to do things right from the beginning without making the whole process seem overwhelming. HTML, when properly explained, is no more complicated than plain English, and the authors do an excellent job of keeping every concept at eye level.” — Mike Davidson, President and CEO, Newsvine, Inc. “The information covered in this book is the same material the pros know, but taught in an educational and humorous manner that doesn’t ever make you think the material is impossible to learn or you are out of your element.” and Professional CSS, schmitt@christopher.org — Christopher Schmitt, author of The CSS Cookbook “Oh, great. You made an HTML book simple enough a CEO can understand it. What will you do next? Accounting simple enough my developer can understand it? Next thing you know, we’ll be collaborating as a team or something.” — Janice Fraser, CEO, Adaptive Path
More Praise for Head First HTML and CSS “I *heart* Head First HTML and CSS—it teaches you everything you need to learn in a ‘fun coated’ format!” — Sally Applin, UI designer and fine artist, http://sally.com “This book has humor and charm, but most importantly, it has heart. I know that sounds ridiculous to say about a technical book, but I really sense that at its core, this book (or at least its authors) really care that the reader learns the material. This comes across in the style, the language, and the techniques. Learning—real understanding and comprehension—on the part of the reader is clearly topmost in the minds of the authors. And thank you, thank you, thank you, for the book’s strong and sensible advocacy of standards compliance. It’s great to see an entry-level book, that I think will be widely read and studied, campaign so eloquently and persuasively on behalf of the value of standards compliance in web page code. I even found in here a few great arguments I had not thought of—ones I can remember and use when I am asked (as I still am)—‘what’s the deal with compliance and why should we care?’ I’ll have more ammo now! I also liked that the book sprinkles in some basics about the mechanics of actually getting a web page live—FTP, web server basics, file structures, etc.” — Robert Neer, Director of Product Development, Movies.com — Newton Lee, Editor-in-Chief, ACM Computers in Entertainment “Head First HTML and CSS is a most entertaining book for learning how to build a great web page. It not only covers everything you need to know about HTML and CSS, it also excels in explaining everything in layman’s terms with a lot of great examples. I found the book truly enjoyable to read, and I learned something new!” http://www.acmcie.org “My wife stole the book. She’s never done any web design, so she needed a book like Head First HTML and CSS to take her from beginning to end. She now has a list of websites she wants to build—for our son’s class, our family…If I’m lucky, I’ll get the book back when she’s done.” — David Kaminsky, Master Inventor, IBM “Beware. If you’re someone who reads at night before falling asleep, you’ll have to restrict Head First HTML and CSS to daytime reading. This book wakes up your brain.” Fribourg University, Switzerland — Pauline McNamara, Center for New Technologies and Education,
Praise for other books by Eric Freeman and Elisabeth Robson “From the awesome Head First Java folks, this book uses every conceivable trick to help you understand and remember. Not just loads of pictures: pictures of humans, which tend to interest other humans. Surprises everywhere. Stories, because humans love narrative. (Stories about things like pizza and chocolate. Need we say more?) Plus, it’s darned funny.” — Bill Camarda, READ ONLY “This book’s admirable clarity, humor, and substantial doses of clever make it the sort of book that helps even nonprogrammers think well about problem solving.” — Cory Doctorow, co-editor of Boing Boing and author of Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom and Someone Comes to Town, Someone Leaves Town “I feel like a thousand pounds of books have just been lifted off of my head.” — Ward Cunningham, inventor of the wiki and founder of the Hillside Group “This book is close to perfect, because of the way it combines expertise and readability. It speaks with authority and it reads beautifully. It’s one of the very few software books I’ve ever read that strikes me as indispensable. (I’d put maybe 10 books in this category, at the outside.)” — David Gelernter, professor of computer science, Yale University, and author of Mirror Worlds and Machine Beauty “A nosedive into the realm of patterns, a land where complex things become simple, but where simple things can also become complex. I can think of no better tour guides than these authors.” former Chief Java Evangelist, Sun Microsystems — Miko Matsumura, industry analyst, The Middleware Company “I laughed, I cried, it moved me.” — Daniel Steinberg, Editor-in-Chief, java.net “Just the right tone for the geeked-out, casual-cool guru coder in all of us. The right reference for practical development strategies—gets my brain going without having to slog through a bunch of tired, stale professor-speak.” — Travis Kalanick, founder of Scour and Red Swoosh, member of the MIT TR100 “I literally love this book. In fact, I kissed this book in front of my wife.” — Satish Kumar
Other O’Reilly books by Eric Freeman and Elisabeth Robson Head First Design Patterns Head First HTML with CSS & XHTML (first edition) Head First HTML5 Programming Other related books from O’Reilly HTML5: Up and Running HTML5 Canvas HTML5: The Missing Manual HTML5 Geolocation HTML5 Graphics with SVG and CSS3 HTML5 Forms HTML5 Media Other books in O’Reilly’s Head First series Head First C# Head First Java Head First Object-Oriented Analysis & Design (OOA&D) Head First Servlets and JSP Head First SQL Head First Software Development Head First JavaScript Head First Ajax Head First Rails Head First PHP & MySQL Head First Web Design Head First Networking Head First iPhone and iPad Development Head First jQuery
Head First HTML and CSS Wouldn’t it be dreamy if there were an HTML book that didn’t assume you knew what elements, attributes, validation, selectors, and pseudo-classes were, all by page three? It’s probably just a fantasy… Elisabeth Robson Eric Freeman Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Kln • Sebastopol • Tokyo
Head First HTML and CSS by Elisabeth Robson and Eric Freeman Copyright © 2012 Elisabeth Robson and Eric Freeman. All rights reserved. Printed in Canada. Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472. O’Reilly Media books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are also available for most titles (http://my.safaribooksonline.com). For more information, contact our corporate/ institutional sales department: (800) 998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com. Series Creators: Editor: Cover Designer: HTML Wranglers: Production Editor: Indexer: Proofreader: Page Viewer: Kathy Sierra, Bert Bates Brett McLaughlin (first edition), Mike Hendrickson (second edition) Karen Montgomery Elisabeth Robson, Eric Freeman Kristen Borg Ron Strauss Rachel Monaghan Oliver Printing History: December 2005: First Edition. September 2012: Second Edition. Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O’Reilly logo are registered trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. The Head First series designations, Head First HTML and CSS, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media, Inc., was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and the authors assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information contained herein. In other words, if you use anything in Head First HTML and CSS to, say, run a nuclear power plant, you’re on your own. We do, however, encourage you to visit the Head First Lounge. No elements or properties were harmed in the making of this book. Thanks to Clemens Orth for the use of his photo, “applestore.jpg”, which appears in Chapter 5. ISBN: 978-0-596-15990-0 [TI]
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