INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
ISO
11452-1
Third edition
2005-02-01
Road vehicles — Component test
methods for electrical disturbances from
narrowband radiated electromagnetic
energy —
Part 1:
General principles and terminology
Véhicules routiers — Méthodes d'essai d'un équipement soumis à des
perturbations électriques par rayonnement d'énergie électromagnétique
en bande étroite —
Partie 1: Principes généraux et terminologie
Reference number
ISO 11452-1:2005(E)
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ISO 11452-1:2005(E)
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ISO 11452-1:2005(E)
Contents
Page
Foreword............................................................................................................................................................ iv
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ v
Scope...................................................................................................................................................... 1
1
2
Terms and definitions........................................................................................................................... 1
General aim and practical use ............................................................................................................. 5
3
General test conditions ........................................................................................................................ 6
4
5
Instrumentation ..................................................................................................................................... 9
6
Test procedure .................................................................................................................................... 10
Annex A (normative) Functional performance status classification (FPSC) ............................................. 13
Annex B (informative) Constant peak test level ............................................................................................ 16
Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
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ISO 11452-1:2005(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 11452-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 3,
Electrical and electronic equipment.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 11452-1:2001), which has been technically
revised.
ISO 11452 consists of the following parts, under the general title Road vehicles — Component test methods
for electrical disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy:
Part 1: General principles and terminology
Part 2: Absorber-lined shielded enclosure
Part 3: Transverse electromagnetic mode (TEM) cell
Part 4: Bulk current injection (BCI)
Part 5: Stripline
Part 7: Direct radio frequency (RF) power injection
Radiating loop method is to form the subject of a future part 8.
iv
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ISO 11452-1:2005(E)
Introduction
In recent years, an increasing number of electronic devices for controlling, monitoring and displaying a variety
of functions have been introduced into vehicle designs. It is necessary to consider the electrical and
electromagnetic environment in which these devices operate.
Electrical and radio-frequency disturbances occur during normal operation of many items of motor vehicle
equipment. They are generated over a wide frequency range with various electrical characteristics and can be
distributed to on-board electronic devices and systems by conduction, radiation or both. Narrowband signals
generated from sources on or off the vehicle can also be coupled into the electrical or electronic system,
affecting the normal performance of electronic devices. Such sources of narrowband electromagnetic
disturbances include mobile radios and broadcast transmitters.
The characteristics of the immunity of components to radiated disturbances have to be established.
ISO 11452 provides various test methods for the evaluation of component immunity characteristics. Not all
test methods need be used for a given device under test (DUT). For example, stripline, transverse
electromagnetic (TEM) cell and parallel plate test methods provide very similar exposure to the DUT. Only
those tests necessary for replicating the use and mounting location of the DUT need to be included in the test
plan. This will help to ensure a technically and economically optimized design for potentially susceptible
components and systems.
ISO 11452 is not intended as a product specification and cannot function as one (see A.1). Therefore, no
specific values for the test severity level are given.
Annex A of this part of ISO 11452 specifies a general method for functional performance status classification
(FPSC), while Annex B explains the principle of constant peak test level. Typical severity levels are included in
an annex of each of the other parts of ISO 11452.
Protection from potential disturbances has to be considered a part of total vehicle validation as described in
ISO 11451, which covers vehicle test methods. It is important to know the correlation between component and
vehicle tests.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 11452-1:2005(E)
Road vehicles — Component test methods for electrical
disturbances from narrowband radiated electromagnetic
energy —
Part 1:
General principles and terminology
1 Scope
This part of ISO 11452 specifies general conditions, defines terms, gives practical guidelines and establishes
the basic principles of the component tests used in the other parts of ISO 11452 for determining the immunity
of electronic components of passenger cars and commercial vehicles to electrical disturbances from
narrowband radiated electromagnetic energy, regardless of the vehicle propulsion system (e.g. spark-ignition
engine, diesel engine, electric motor).
The electromagnetic disturbances considered are limited to continuous narrowband electromagnetic fields. A
wide frequency range (0,01 MHz to 18 000 MHz) is allowed for the immunity testing of the components in this
and the other parts of ISO 11452.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
absorber-lined shielded enclosure
shielded enclosure/screened room with radio frequency-absorbing material on its internal ceiling and walls
NOTE
floor.
The common practice is for the room to have a metallic floor, but absorbing material may also be used on the
2.2
amplitude modulation
AM
process by which the amplitude of a carrier wave is varied following a specified law, resulting in an AM signal
2.3
artificial network
AN
network inserted in the supply leads of the DUT which provides, in a given frequency range, a specified load
impedance for the measurement of disturbance voltages, and which isolates the DUT from the power supply
in that frequency range
2.4
broadband artificial network
BAN
device used in power, signal and control lines that presents a controlled impedance to the DUT over a
specified frequency range while allowing the DUT to be interfaced to its support system
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ISO 11452-1:2005(E)
2.5
bulk current
total amount of common mode current in a harness
2.6
compression point
input signal level at which the measurement system becomes non-linear, when the output value will deviate
from the value given by an ideal linear system
2.7
coupling
means or device for transferring power between systems
NOTE
Adapted from IEC 60050-726.
2.8
current injection probe
device for injecting current in a conductor without interrupting the conductor and without introducing significant
impedance into the associated circuits
2.9
current (measuring) probe
device for measuring the current in a conductor without interrupting the conductor and without introducing
significant impedance into the associated circuits
[IEC 60050-161]
2.10
degradation (of performance)
undesired departure in the operational performance of any device, equipment or system from its intended
performance
NOTE
The term “degradation” can apply to temporary or permanent failure.
[IEC 60050-161]
2.11
dual directional coupler
four-port device consisting of two transmission lines coupled together in such a manner that a single travelling
wave in any one transmission line will induce a single travelling wave in the other, the direction of propagation
of the latter wave being dependent upon that of the former
NOTE
Adapted from IEC 60050-726.
2.12
electromagnetic compatibility
EMC
ability of equipment or system to function satisfactorily in its electromagnetic environment without introducing
intolerable electromagnetic disturbance to anything in that environment
[IEC 60050-161]
2.13
electromagnetic disturbance
any electromagnetic phenomenon which may degrade the performance of a device, equipment or system, or
adversely affect living or inert matter
2
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