cos
x
x
2
x
x
1
x
sin ( )
x
( )
x
x
0
( )x
2
x
x
y
( )
f x
cos(
xy
)
ln
y
x
1
lim
n
n f
(
2
n
) 1
1
x
x
2
0
( )
F x
( )=
f x
1
sin ,
x
2,
( )F x
2
x
0
f
( )
t dt
x
( )F x
( )F x
x
( )F x
x
( )=
f x
2
y
x
z
, 1
x
e
,
x
e
(
x
x
1
1
1)
1
1
ln
x
2
(
f xy
)
f
1
( )
f x dx
0
2
)
2 (
f xy
x
)
k
2
0
z
y
x z
y x
2 (
f xy
x
1
y
2
2
yf xy
(
)
2
kD
(
yf xy
)
( ,
x y
D
2
) |
x
(
y
(
)
x dxdy k
1,2,3,4)
I
k
D
k
I
1
0
I
2
0
I
3
0
I
4
0
AB C
, B
a
1
1
a b a
1
1
a
2 0 0
0 b 0
0 0 0
a
0,b
2
a
,0
b
a
b
,2
0
a
,2
b
lim(2
x
x
)
1
) x
ln(1
x
t
e dt
y
( )
f x
x
1( )
y
f
y
0
1x
1
( )
f x
dx
dy
0y
r
cos3 (
6
)
6
x
y
arctan
t
ln 1
2
t
1t
y
1
3
x
e
xe
2
x
y
2
x
e
xe
2
x
y
3
xe
2
x
xy
0
0
xy
0
1
y
A (a )
ij
| A |
ijA
ija
a A 0(i, j 1,2,3),
ij
ij
A
____
x
0
1 cos
x
cos 2
x
cos3
x
nax
n
a
D
y
1
3
y
x
x
(
a a
0)
x
,x
V V
y
D x
V
y
10
V
x
a
D
x
3 ,
y y
3
x
x
y
8
2
x dxdy
D
( )
f x
[ 1,1]
f
(1) 1
0,1
f
( ) 1
0,1
f
( )
f
( ) 1
3
x
xy
3
y
1(
x
0,
y
0)
( )
f x
ln
x
1
x
( )
f x
{ }nx
ln
x
n
1
x
n
1
lim n
x
n
y
21
x
4
1 ln
2
x
(1
x
e
)
L
x
1,
x
e
x
D
L
L
D
A
1
a
1 0
,
B
0 1
1
b
,a b
C
C
AC CA B
,
f x x x
3
,
1
2
2
a x
1 1
a x
2 2
a x
3 3
2
b x
1 1
b x
2 2
b x
3 3
2
a
1
a
2
a
3
,
b
1
b
2
b
3
f
,
2 T
T
f
2
2y
1
y
2
2
x
1
x
sin ( )
x
( )
x
cos
x
x
x
0
( )x
2
x
x
sin ( )
x
x
( )
x
lim
0
x
0
1
cos
x
2
x
sin ( )
x
1
2
( )
x
lim
0
x
x
0
( )x
x
0
limsin ( ) 0
x
x
sin ( )
x
lim
0
x
x
lim
0
x
( )
x
x
1
2
y
( )
f x
cos(
xy
)
ln
y
x
1
2
1
1
2
lim
n
n f
(
2
n
) 1
f
(0) 1
lim
n
n f
(
2
n
) 1
lim 2
n
(
y
xy
)sin(
xy
)
f
(0)
f
2(
n
)
2
n
1 0
2 (0)
f
f
(0) 1
y
y
lim
n
n f
(
2
n
) 1
2
( )=
f x
sin ,
x
2,
0
x
x
2
( )
F x
x
( )F x
( )F x
x
x
0
f
( )
t dt
x
( )F x
( )F x
x
( )
F x
x
0
f
( )
t dt
lim ( )
F x
x
( )
F x
x
( )F x
lim ( )
F x
x
)
(
F
x
lim
x
lim
x
tdt
x
sin
0
sin
tdt
2
0
1 cos ,
x
x
( )F x
dt
2
x
0
x
x
1),
x
2
2(
1 cos
x
x
0
lim
x
( )
F x
x
(
)
F
lim
x
)
2(
x
x
2
( )=
f x
(
x
x
1
1
1)
1
1
ln
x
2
, 1
x
e
,
x
e
1
( )
f x dx
2
0
0
2
2
( )=
f x
1
1
1)
1
1
ln
x
(
x
x
, 1
x
e
,
x
e
1
( )
f x dx
e
1
( )
f x dx
e
1 x
( )
f x dx
e
e
e
1
( )
f x dx
e
1
1
1
1)
(
x
dx
lim
1
1
1
1)
dx
lim[
1
1
1
1)
(
2
2
]
1
2
(
e
1
1)
2
(
x
(
2
1
1
lim[
1)
1
1
1
ln
lim(
)
x
1
ln
e
1
e
x
]
2
2
x
dx
e
x
x
ln
d
1
ln
1
1
lim(
)
1
ln
0
2
z
y
x
(
f xy
)
f
2
yf xy
(
)
2
yf xy
(
)
z
y
x z
y x
2 (
f xy
x
)
2 (
f xy
x
)
z
y
x
(
f xy
)
z
x
y
2
x
(
f xy
)
2
y
x
(
f xy
)
x z
y x
z
y
[
1
x
(
f xy
)
yf xy
(
)]
(
1
x
(
f xy
)
yf xy
(
))
2
yf xy
(
)
kD
D
( ,
x y
2
) |
x
2
y
1
k
(
y
(
)
x dxdy k
1,2,3,4)
I
k
D
k
I
1
0
I
2
0
I
3
0
I
4
0
x
r
cos ,
r
y
sin
I
k
D
k
k
2
(
y
)
x dxdy
1
0
rdr
( sin
r
r
cos )
d
1
(cos
3
sin )
,
2
0.
I
2
2
3
AB C
C
C
AB
A
CB
1
a
1
1
a b a
1
1
a
2 0 0
0 b 0
0 0 0
a
0,
b
2
a
,0
b
a
b
,2
0
a
,2
b
a
1
1
a b a
1
1
a
a
,0
b
2 0 0
0 b 0
0 0 0
a
1
1
a b a
1
1
a
a
1
1
a b a
1
1
a
,2 b
0,
[(
)(
b
2
2) 2 ]
a
E A
1
a
1
a
b
a
1
a
1
lim(2
x
x
)
1
) x
ln(1
x
1
2e
ln(1 1
x
)
)
ln(1
x
x
)
lim
0
x
1
x
)
ln(1
x
x
1 (1
1
2
( ))
x o x
x
1
2
lim
0
x
lim
e
0
x
ln(1
x
x
)
x
ln(1 1
lim
0
x
1
2e
( )
f x
dx
dy
0y
1x
1
t
e dt
y
( )
f x
x
1( )
y
f
y
0
1
1 e
1
dy
dx
1
12
x
e
,
dx
dy
1
1
x
e
,
dx
dy
|
y
0
r
cos3 (
1
6
1
x
e
|
1
x
1
1
1
e
)
6
1 cos6
d
2
12
S
1
2
6
6
2
cos 3
d
6
0
1t
2
t
y
x
ln 2
0
x
y
arctan
t
ln 1
4
1
1
t
2
1
t
1
4
3
x
dy
dx
1t
x
t
1
2
t
2
t
dy
1|
dx
t
1,
,
y
ln 2
y
x
ln 2
0
y
1
e
2
x
xe
y
2
x
e
xe
2
x
y
3
xe
4
2
x
xy
0
0
xy
0
1
y
y
e
3
x
x
e
xe
2
x
e
3 ,x
e
x
2xxe
y C e
1
3
x
x
C e
2
2
x
xe
y
e
3
x
x
e
xe
2
x
C
1
21,
C
1
A (a )
ij
| A |
ijA
ija
a A 0(i, j 1,2,3),
ij
ij
A
____
1
a
ij
A
ij
0
TA
*
A
A a A
1
i
1
i
a A
i
i
3
3
a A
1
1
j
j
a A
2
2
j
j
a A
3
3
j
j
2
3
j
1
a A
2
i
i
3
2
a
ij
i
1
2
a
ij
0
A
T
A
*
A
A
2
,
A
=-1.