GLOBAL
POSITIONING SYSTEMS,
INERTIAL NAVIGATION,
AND INTEGRATION
SECOND EDITION
MOHINDER S. GREWAL
LAWRENCE R. WEILL
ANGUS P. ANDREWS
WILEY-INTERSCIENCE
A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication
GLOBAL
POSITIONING SYSTEMS,
INERTIAL NAVIGATION,
AND INTEGRATION
GLOBAL
POSITIONING SYSTEMS,
INERTIAL NAVIGATION,
AND INTEGRATION
SECOND EDITION
MOHINDER S. GREWAL
LAWRENCE R. WEILL
ANGUS P. ANDREWS
WILEY-INTERSCIENCE
A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication
Copyright © 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.
Published simultaneously in Canada.
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise,
except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without
either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the
appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers,
MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com. Requests
to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley &
Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at
http://www.wiley.com/go/permission.
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best
efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the
accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied
warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or
extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained
herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where
appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other
commercial damages, including but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other
damages.
For general information on our other products and services or for technical support, please contact
our Customer Care Department within the United States at (800) 762-2974, outside the United
States at (317) 572-3993 or fax (317) 572-4002.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print
may not be available in electronic formats. For more information about Wiley products, visit our
web site at www.wiley.com.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available.
ISBN-13 978-0-470-04190-1
ISBN-10 0-470-04190-0
Printed in the United States of America.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
M. S. G. dedicates this book to the memory of his parents, Livlin Kaur and
Sardar Sahib Sardar Karam Singh Grewal.
L. R. W. dedicates his work to his late mother, Christine R. Weill, for her love
and encouragement in pursuing his chosen profession.
A. P. A. dedicates his work to his wife Jeri, without whom it could not have
been done.