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realm of racket.pdf

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    Preface: Hello World
    Why Would I Want to Learn About Racket?
    Who Should Read this Book?
    What Teaching Approach Is Used?
    Can I Skip Chapters?
    Anything Else I Should Know?
    Introduction: Open Paren
    (.1 What Makes Lisp So Cool and Unusual?
    (.2 Where Did Lisp Come From?
    (.3 What Does Lisp Look Like?
    (.4 Where Does Racket Come From?
    (.5 What Is This Book About?
    Halt—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter 1: Getting Started
    1.1 Readying Racket
    1.2 Interacting with Racket
    Raise—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter 2: A First Racket Program
    2.1 The Guess My Number Game
    2.2 Defining Variables
    2.3 Basic Racket Etiquette
    2.4 Defining Functions in Racket
    A Function for Guessing
    Functions for Closing In
    The Main Function
    Resume—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter 3: Basics of Racket
    3.1 Syntax and Semantics
    3.2 The Building Blocks of Racket Syntax
    3.3 The Building Blocks of Racket Semantics
    Booleans
    Symbols
    Numbers
    Strings
    3.4 Lists in Racket
    CONS Cells
    Functions for CONS Cells
    Lists and List Functions
    The CONS Function
    The LIST Function
    The FIRST and REST Functions
    Nested Lists
    3.5 Structures in Racket
    Structure Basics
    Nesting Structures
    Structure Transparency
    Interrupt—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter 4: Conditions and Decisions
    4.1 How to Ask
    4.2 The Conditionals: IF and Beyond
    One Thing at a Time with IF
    The Special Form that Does It All: COND
    A First Taste of Recursion
    4.3 Cool Tricks with Conditionals
    Using the Stealth Conditionals AND and OR
    Using Functions that Return More than Just the Truth
    4.4 Equality Predicates, Once More
    4.5 Comparing and Testing
    Writing a Test
    What Is Not a Test
    Testing in the Real World
    More Testing Facilities
    Call-with-current-continuation—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter 4½: define define 'define
    4½.1 Module-Level Definitions
    Variable Definitions
    Function Definitions
    4½.2 Local Definitions
    Abort—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter 5: big-bang
    5.1 Graphical User Interface
    5.2 Landing a UFO
    5.3 Using big-bang: Syntax and Semantics
    5.4 Guessing Gooey
    The Data
    The Main Function
    Key-Events
    Rendering
    Time to Stop
    Exit—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter Challenges
    Chapter 6: Recursion Is Easy
    6.1 Robot Snake
    6.2 A Data Representation for the Snake Game
    6.3 The Main Function
    6.4 Clock Ticks
    Eating and Growing
    Slithering
    Rotting Goo
    6.5 Key-Events
    6.6 Rendering
    6.7 End Game
    6.8 Auxiliary Functions
    Return—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter Challenges
    Chapter 7: Land of Lambda
    7.1 Functions as Values
    7.2 Lambda
    7.3 Higher-Order Fun
    7.4 Two More Higher-Order Functions
    7.5 Derive This!
    7.6 apply
    Break—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter 8: Mutant Structs
    8.1 Chad’s First Battle
    8.2 Orc Battle
    8.3 Setting Up the World, a First Step
    8.4 Action: How Structs Really Work
    8.5 More Actions, Setting Up the World for Good
    8.6 Ready, Set, big-bang
    8.7 Initializing the Orc World
    8.8 Rendering the Orc World
    8.9 The End of the World
    8.10 Actions, A Final Look
    Throw—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter Challenges
    Chapter 9: The Values of Loops
    9.1 FOR Loops
    9.2 Multiple Values
    9.3 Back to FOR/FOLD
    9.4 More on Loops
    Waitpid—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter 10: Dice of Doom
    10.1 The Game Tree
    10.2 Dice of Doom, The Game
    10.3 Designing Dice of Doom: Take One
    Filling in the Blanks
    Simplifying the Rules
    End of Game
    Controlling the Game
    10.4 How Game Trees Work
    10.5 Game States and Game Trees for Dice of Doom
    10.6 Roll the Dice
    10.7 Rendering the Dice World
    10.8 Input Handling
    10.9 Creating a Game Tree
    The Game Tree
    Neighbors
    Attacks
    10.10 The End Game
    Kill—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter Challenges
    Chapter 11: Power to the Lazy
    11.1 Doomsday
    11.2 Lazy Evaluation
    11.3 Memoized Computations
    11.4 Racket Can Be Lazy
    Delay—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter 12: Artificial Intelligence
    12.1 An Intelligent Life-form
    12.2 Lazy Evaluation
    12.3 Adding Artificial Intelligence
    Stop-when—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter Challenges
    Chapter 13: The World Is Not Enough
    13.1 What Is a Distributed Game?
    13.2 The Data
    Messages
    Previously Fabricated Structures
    Packages
    Bundles
    Mail
    iworld Structures
    13.3 The Network Postal Service
    13.4 Organizing Your Universe
    13.5 Distributed Guess
    The State of the Client and the State of the Server
    The Server
    The Client
    Running the Game
    Error—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter Challenges
    Chapter 14: Hungry Henry
    14.1 King Henry the Hungry
    14.2 Hungry Henry, the Game
    14.3 Two United States
    14.4 Henry’s Universe
    Message Data and Structures
    Complex Numbers Are Good Positions
    A Day in the Life of a Server
    A Day in the Life of a Client
    14.5 State of the Union
    State of Henry
    State of the House
    14.6 Main, Take Client
    The Appetizer State
    The Entree State
    14.7 Main, Take Server
    The Join State and Network Events
    The Join State and Tick Events
    The Play State and Network Events
    The Play State and Tick Events
    14.8 See Henry Run
    On-disconnect—Chapter Checkpoint
    Chapter Challenges
    Good-Bye: Close Paren
    ).1 Run Racket Run
    ).2 Racket Is a Programming Language
    ).3 Racket Is a Metaprogramming Language
    ).4 Racket Is a Programming-Language Programming Language
    So Long
    Index
    Realm of Racket
    Realm of Racket learn to Program, one Game at a time! (list Forrest Bice Rose DeMaio Spencer Florence Feng-Yun Mimi Lin Scott Lindeman Nicole Nussbaum Eric Peterson Ryan Plessner David Van Horn Matthias Felleisen Conrad Barski, MD) San Francisco
    Realm of Racket. Copyright © 2013 by Matthias Felleisen, David Van Horn, Conrad Barski, M.D., Forrest Bice, Rose DeMaio, Spencer Florence, Feng-Yun Mimi Lin, Scott Lindeman, Nicole Nussbaum, Eric Peterson, Ryan Plessner. All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior writ- ten permission of the copyright owner and the publisher. Printed in USA First printing 17 16 15 14 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ISBN-10: 1-59327-491-2 ISBN-13: 978-1-59327-491-7 Publisher: William Pollock Production Editor: Alison Law Cover Illustration: Eric Peterson Illustrations: Feng-Yun Mimi Lin and Eric Peterson Interior Design and Composition: Rose DeMaio and Nicole Nussbaum Developmental Editors: Keith Fancher and William Pollock Copyeditor: Marilyn Smith Proofreader: Paula L. Fleming For information on distribution, translations, or bulk sales, please contact No Starch Press, Inc. directly: No Starch Press, Inc. 38 Ringold Street, San Francisco, CA 94103 phone: 415.863.9900; fax: 415.863.9950; info@nostarch.com; www.nostarch.com Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Felleisen, Matthias. Realm of Racket : learn to program, one game at a time! / by Matthias Felleisen, Conrad Barski, Forrest Bice, Rose DeMaio, Spencer Florence, Feng-yun Mimi Lin, Scott Lindeman, Nicole Nussbaum, Eric Peterson, Ryan Plessner, and David Van Horn. pages cm Includes index. ISBN-13: 978-1-59327-491-7 ISBN-10: 1-59327-491-2 1. Racket (Computer program language) 2. LISP (Computer program language) 3. Computer programming. I. Title. QA76.73.R33F45 2013 005.1--dc23 2013002308 No Starch Press and the No Starch Press logo are registered trademarks of No Starch Press, Inc. Other product and com- pany names mentioned herein may be the trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than use a trademark symbol with every occurrence of a trademarked name, we are using the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. The information in this book is distributed on an “As Is” basis, without warranty. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this work, neither the author nor No Starch Press, Inc. shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by the information contained in it.
    to the memory of John mccarthy September 4, 1927–october 24, 2011
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