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赵峰 2010-12-28 郑利浩,等 NEXYS2 案例(76) qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwerty uiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasd fghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzx cvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcv bnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqw ertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuio pasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfgh jklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvb nmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwe rtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiop asdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghj klzxcvbnmrtyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmq wertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyui opasdfghjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfg hjklzxcvbnmqwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcv
目录 例 1:2 输入逻辑门 ......................................................................................................................... 4 例 2:多输入逻辑门 ........................................................................................................................ 4 例 3:多数表决电路 ........................................................................................................................ 5 例 4:二位比较器 ............................................................................................................................ 6 例 5:映射报告(Map Report) .................................................................................................... 7 例 6:2 选 1 多路选择器:if 语句.................................................................................................. 7 例 7:4 选 1 多路选择器:模块例化 ............................................................................................. 9 例 8:4 选 1 多路选择器:case 语句 ........................................................................................... 10 例 9:一个 4 位 2 选 1 多路选择器 ............................................................................................. 11 例 10:通用多路选择器:参数(Parameter) ........................................................................... 12 例 11:毛刺(Glitches) ............................................................................................................... 13 例 12:7 段译码器:逻辑方程 ..................................................................................................... 14 例 13:7 段译码器:case 语句..................................................................................................... 15 例 14:复用 7 段显示管 ................................................................................................................ 16 例 15:7 段显示管:x7seg 和 x7segb .......................................................................................... 17 例 16:使用 Verilog 任务(Task)的 4 位比较器 ........................................................................ 22 例 17:使用关系运算符的 N 位比较器 ....................................................................................... 23 例 18:3-8 译码器:逻辑方程 ..................................................................................................... 24 例 19:3-8 译码器:for 循环 ........................................................................................................ 24 例 20:8-3 编码器:逻辑方程 ..................................................................................................... 25 例 21:8-3 编码器:for 循环 ........................................................................................................ 26 例 22:8-3 优先编码器 ................................................................................................................. 26 例 23:4 位二进制-BCD 码转换器:逻辑方程 ............................................................................ 27 例 24:8 位二进制-BCD 码转换器 ................................................................................................ 28 例 25:4 位二进制到格雷码的转换器 ......................................................................................... 29 例 26:4 位格雷码到二进制码的转换器 ..................................................................................... 29 例 27:四位加法器:逻辑表达式 ................................................................................................ 30 例 28: 四位加法器:行为描述 ..................................................................................................... 31 例 29:N 位加法器:行为描述 .................................................................................................... 32 例 30:四位加/减法器:逻辑表达式 ................................................................................................ 32 例 31:N 位减法器:行为描述 .................................................................................................... 33 例 32:四位移位器 ........................................................................................................................ 33 例 33:与常数相乘 ........................................................................................................................ 34 例 34:四位乘法器 ........................................................................................................................ 34 例 35:用 task 实现 8 位除法电路 ............................................................................................... 35 例 36:四位 ALU ............................................................................................................................ 37 例 37:边沿触发的 D 触发器 ....................................................................................................... 38 例 38:带有置位和清零端的边沿 D 触发器 ............................................................................... 39 例 39:Verilog 中的 D 触发器 ....................................................................................................... 39 例 40:带异步清零和置位端的 D 触发器 ................................................................................... 40 例 41:2 分频计数器 ..................................................................................................................... 40 例 42:一位寄存器 ........................................................................................................................ 41
例 43:4 位寄存器......................................................................................................................... 42 例 44:N 位寄存器 ........................................................................................................................ 42 例 45:移位寄存器 ........................................................................................................................ 43 例 46:环形计数器 ........................................................................................................................ 43 例 47:防抖按钮............................................................................................................................ 44 例 48:时钟脉冲............................................................................................................................ 45 例 49:3 位计数器......................................................................................................................... 45 例 50:模-5 计数器 ....................................................................................................................... 46 例 51:N 位计数器 ........................................................................................................................ 47 例 52:时钟分频器:模-10K 计数器 ........................................................................................... 48 例 53:任意波形的产生 ................................................................................................................ 52 例 54:脉冲宽度调制器(PWM) ............................................................................................... 53 例 56:把开关数据加载到一个寄存器 ........................................................................................ 53 例 57:把数据移入一个移位寄存器 ............................................................................................ 54 例 58:7 段显示管的滚动显示 ..................................................................................................... 56 例 59:Fibonacci 序列 ................................................................................................................... 59 例 60:序列检测器 ........................................................................................................................ 61 例 61:门锁代码............................................................................................................................ 64 例 62:交通灯................................................................................................................................ 67 例 63:GCD 算法(1) ....................................................................................................................... 70 例 64:GCD 算法(2) ....................................................................................................................... 71 例 65:整数平方根算法实现 ........................................................................................................ 76 例 66:GCD 算法(3) ...................................................................................................................... 82 例 67:整数平方根(2) ................................................................................................................... 84 例 68: Verilog ROM ..................................................................................................................... 87 例 69:分布式 RAM/ROM ............................................................................................................. 89 例 70:块 RAM/ROM ..................................................................................................................... 91 例 71:VGA – 条纹显示 ................................................................................................................ 92 例 72:VGA – PROM ...................................................................................................................... 96 例 73:块 ROM 中的 sprite ........................................................................................................... 99 例 74:屏幕保护程序 .................................................................................................................. 102 例 75:键盘 ................................................................................................................................. 105 例 76:鼠标 ................................................................................................................................. 108
例 1:2 输入逻辑门 //Example 1:2-input gates Module gates2( Input wire a; Input wire b; Output wire[5:0] z ); assign z[5]=a&b; assign z[4]=~(a&b); assign z[3]=a|b; assign z[2]= ~(a|b); assign z[1]=aˆb; assign z[0]=a~ˆb; endmodule 例 2:多输入逻辑门 //Example 2: 4-input gates module gates4( input wire [4:1] x, output wire [6:1] z ); assign z[6] = &x; assign z[5] = ~&x; assign z[4] = |x; assign z[3] = ~|x; assign z[2] = ^x; assign z[1] = ~^x; endmodule //Example 2: 4-input gates - top level module gates4_top( input wire [3:0] sw, output wire [5:0] ld ); gates4 X4 (.x(sw), .z(ld) ); endmodule
例 3:多数表决电路 // Example 3: majority4 module majority4 ( input wire a, input wire b, input wire c, input wire d, output wire f ); assign f = b & c & d | a & c & d | a & b & d | a & b & c; endmodule // Example 3: majority4 – top-level module majority4_top ( input wire [3:0] sw, output wire [0:0] ld ); majority4 M1 ( .a(sw[3]), .b(sw[2]), .c(sw[1]), .d(sw[0]), .f(ld[0]) ); endmodule
例 4:二位比较器 // Example 4: comp2bit module comp2bit ( input wire [1:0] a, input wire [1:0] b, output wire a_eq_b, output wire a_gt_b, output wire a_lt_b ); assign a_eq_b = ~b[1] & ~b[0] & ~a[1] & ~a[0] | ~b[1] & b[0] & ~a[1] & a[0] | b[1] & ~b[0] & a[1] & ~a[0] | b[1] & b[0] & a[1] & a[0]; assign a_gt_b = ~b[1] & a[1] | ~b[1] & ~b[0] & a[0] | ~b[0] & a[1] & a[0]; assign a_lt_b = b[1] & ~a[1] | b[1] & b[0] & ~a[0] | b[0] & ~a[1] & ~a[0]; endmodule // Example 4: 2-bit comparator _top-level module comp2bit_top( input wire [3:0] sw, output wire [2:0] ld ); comp2bit U1 (.a(sw[3:2]), .b(sw[1:0]), .a_eq_b(ld[1]), .a_gt_b(ld[0]), .a_lt_b(ld[2]) ); endmodule
例 5:映射报告(Map Report) Design Summary -------------- Number of errors: 0 Number of warnings: 0 Logic Utilization: Number of 4 input LUTs: 6 out of 9,312 1% Logic Distribution: Number of occupied Slices: 3 out of 4,656 1% Number of Slices containing only related logic: 3 out of 3 100% Number of Slices containing unrelated logic: 0 out of 3 0% *See NOTES below for an explanation of the effects of unrelated logic. Total Number of 4 input LUTs: 6 out of 9,312 1% Number of bonded IOBs: 8 out of 232 3% 例 1 映射报告中的 Design summary Design Summary -------------- Number of errors: 0 Number of warnings: 0 Logic Utilization: Number of 4 input LUTs: 1 out of 9,312 1% Logic Distribution: Number of occupied Slices: 1 out of 4,656 1% Number of Slices containing only related logic: 1 out of 1 100% Number of Slices containing unrelated logic: 0 out of 1 0% *See NOTES below for an explanation of the effects of unrelated logic. Total Number of 4 input LUTs: 1 out of 9,312 1% Number of bonded IOBs: 5 out of 232 2% 例 3 映射报告中的 Design summary 例 6:2 选 1 多路选择器:if 语句 // 例 6a:使用逻辑方程实现的 2 选 1 MUX module mux21a ( input wire a, input wire b, input wire s, output wire y ); assign y = ~ s & a | s & b; endmodule
// 例 6b:使用 if 语句实现的 2 选 1 MUX module mux21b ( input wire a, input wire b, input wire s, output reg y ); always @ (a, b, s) if (s == 0) y = a; else y = b; endmodule // 例 6c:使用 if 语句实现的 2 选 1 MUX module mux21c ( input wire a, input wire b, input wire s, output reg y ); always @ ( * ) if (s == 0) y = a; else y = b; endmodule // 例 6d:使用“?”实现的 2 选 1 MUX module mux21d ( input wire a, input wire b, input wire s, output wire y ); assign y = s ? b : a; endmodule
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