SoapUI Pro 5.1教程
作者:Ray
目录
1 概述 ............................................................................................................................................ 5
2 基础知识 .................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1
XML ................................................................................................................................5
2.2 WSDL.............................................................................................................................5
2.2.1 初建WSDL.........................................................................................................5
2.3
SOAP ............................................................................................................................. 7
2.3.1
SOAP简介......................................................................................................... 7
2.3.2
SOAP实例......................................................................................................... 8
3 安装卸载 .................................................................................................................................... 9
3.1 下载 ................................................................................................................................ 9
3.2 安装 .............................................................................................................................. 10
3.3 卸载 .............................................................................................................................. 10
4 工具介绍 .................................................................................................................................. 10
4.1 工具简介 ...................................................................................................................... 10
4.2 主面板 .......................................................................................................................... 11
5 项目管理 .................................................................................................................................. 12
5.1 映射关系 ...................................................................................................................... 12
5.2 初建项目 ...................................................................................................................... 13
5.3 初建用例 ...................................................................................................................... 18
5.4 用例测试 ...................................................................................................................... 21
6 功能测试 .................................................................................................................................. 22
6.1 变量 .............................................................................................................................. 22
6.1.1 新建变量 ..........................................................................................................23
6.1.2 引用变量 ..........................................................................................................23
6.2 断言Assertion............................................................................................................ 25
6.2.1
Contains......................................................................................................... 25
6.2.2
Xpath...............................................................................................................27
6.3 传值Transfer Value...................................................................................................31
6.3.1 引用变量 ..........................................................................................................31
6.3.2 引用Xpath.......................................................................................................33
6.4 数据源DataSource....................................................................................................39
6.4.1
Grid..................................................................................................................39
6.4.2
File....................................................................................................................49
6.5 模拟服务MockService..............................................................................................51
6.5.1 创建Soap项目 ................................................................................................ 51
6.5.2 创建MockService..........................................................................................52
6.5.3 编辑MockService..........................................................................................54
6.5.4 调用Mockservice.......................................................................................... 55
6.6 数据库JDBC................................................................................................................ 60
6.6.1 驱动安装 ..........................................................................................................60
6.6.2 主界面介绍......................................................................................................62
6.6.3
JDBC用例操作................................................................................................ 63
6.7 测试自动化 .................................................................................................................. 69
6.7.1
Launch TestRunner..................................................................................... 69
6.7.2 手动运行产生报告 ..........................................................................................72
7 负载测试 .................................................................................................................................. 73
7.1
Load Test....................................................................................................................73
8 安全测试 .................................................................................................................................. 73
8.1
Security Test..............................................................................................................73
9 常见问题 .................................................................................................................................. 73
9.1 启动提示Xmx ..............................................................................................................73
1 概述
本教程仅用于测试人员基础学习,主要讲解工具各种常用测试技能,囊括新
建项目到产生报告及测试管理。
2 基础知识
2.1 XML
详细学习网址
http://www.w3cschool.cc/xml/xml-tutorial.html
2.2 WSDL
详细学习网址
http://www.w3cschool.cc/wsdl/wsdl-tutorial.html
2.2.1 初建 WSDL
测试时开发会提供WSDL文件,本次为用于工具的使用自己创建WSDL
创建WEB工程,编写如下java文件用于测试
package wsdl001;
public class HelloWorld {
public String output(String name) {
return "Input is : " + name;
}
public String add(float a, float b) {
return "a+b=" + (a + b) + "
" + "a-b=" + (a - b);
}
}
右键java文件,选择创建webservice
Next,选择需要创建的方法
Next,点击Start Server开启服务,finish即可
也可在第一步直接默认选项,点击finish
创建完后可在WebContent/wsdl/找到对应的wsdl文件
2.3 SOAP
2.3.1 SOAP 简介
SOAP 是基于 XML 的简易协议,可使应用程序在 HTTP 之上进行信息交换。
SOAP包含元素:
必需的 Envelope 元素,可把此 XML 文档标识为一条 SOAP 消息
可选的 Header 元素,包含头部信息
必需的 Body 元素,包含所有的调用和响应信息
可选的 Fault 元素,提供有关在处理此消息所发生错误的信息
SOAP 方法指的是遵守 SOAP 编码规则的 HTTP 请求/响应。
HTTP + XML = SOAP
SOAP 请求可能是 HTTP POST 或 HTTP GET 请求。
2.3.2 SOAP 实例
在下面的例子中,一个 add请求被发送到了服务器。此请求有2个参数(a,b);响应中
则会返回一个 addReturn参数
Soap请求:
POST http://192.168.193.196:8050/WSDL/services/HelloWorld HTTP/1.1
Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate
Content-Type: text/xml;charset=UTF-8
SOAPAction: ""
Content-Length: 269
Host: 192.168.193.196:8050
Connection: Keep-Alive
User-Agent: Apache-HttpClient/4.1.1 (java 1.5)
10
100
Soap响应:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK