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机械指令_翻译+原文2006-42-EC.pdf

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    L 157/24 L 157/24 EN EN Official Journal of the European Union 欧洲联盟官方公报 9.6.2006 2006年6月9日 DIRECTIVE 2006/42/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL on machinery, and amending Directive 95/16/EC (recast) of 17 May 2006 2006年5月17日 欧洲议会和欧洲联盟理事会 关于机械以及修订95/16/EC指令的 2006/42/EC指令（重新修订） (Text with EEA relevance) （EEA相关文本） to from the proposal THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, 欧洲议会和欧洲联盟理事会 Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 95 thereof, 考虑到建立欧洲共同体的条约，特别是其第95条； Having the regard Commission (1), 考虑到欧洲联盟委员会的建议(1)； Having regard to the opinion of the European Economic and Social Committee (2), 考虑到欧洲经济及社会委员会的意见(2)； Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty (3), 按照欧洲共同体条约第251条中规定的程序采取行 动(3)； Whereas: 鉴于： (1) Directive 98/37/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 June 1998 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to machinery ( 4 ) (1) OJ C 154 E, 29.5.2001, p. 164. OJ C 154 E，2001年5月29日，第164页。 (2) OJ C 311, 7.11.2001, p. 1. OJ C 311，2001年11月7日，第1页。 (3) Opinion of the European Parliament of 4 July 2002 (OJ C 271 E, 12.11.2003, p. 491), Council Common Position of 18 July 2005 (OJ C 251 E, 11.10.2005, p. 1) and Position of the European Parliament of 15 December 2005 (not yet published in the Official Journal). Council Decision of 25 April 2006. 2002年7月4日欧洲议会的意见（OJ C 271 E，2003年 11月12日，第491页），2005年7月18日欧洲联盟理事 会共同立场（OJ C 251 E，2005年10月11日，第1页） 和2005年12月15日欧洲议会立场（未在《欧盟公报》 上发布）。2006年4月25日欧洲联盟理事会决议。 (4) OJ L 207, 23.7.1998, p. 1. Directive as amended by Directive 98/79/EC (OJ L 331, 7.12.1998, p. 1). OJ L 207，1998 年 7 月 23 日，第 1 页。指令 98/79/EC 的修订（OJ L 331，1998 年 12 月 7 日，第 1 页）。 codified Directive 89/392/EEC (5). Now that new substantial amendments are being made to Directive 98/37/EC, it is desirable, in order to clarify matters, that that Directive should be recast. 1998年6月22日欧洲议会和欧洲联盟理事会关 于 各 成 员 国 有 关 机 械(4) 的 法 律 趋 于 一 致 的 98/37/EC指令是根据89/392/EEC指令(5)编纂 的；目前已对98/37/EC指令做了实质性修改， 为了清楚说明问题，需要重新修订该指令。 the (2) The machinery sector is an important part of the engineering industry and is one of the the Community industrial mainstays of economy. The social cost of large number of accidents caused directly by the use of machinery can be reduced by inherently safe design and construction of machinery and by proper installation and maintenance. 机械行业是制造业的重要组成部分，也是欧洲 共同体经济的工业支柱之一。通过机械的本质 安全设计和制造，以及适当的安装和维护可以 减少因其使用而直接造成的大量意外事故所 带来的社会损失。 (3) Member States are responsible for ensuring the health and safety on their territory of persons, in particular of workers and consumers and, where appropriate, of domestic animals and goods, notably in relation to the risks arising out of the use of machinery. 各成员国有责任保证其境内人员的健康与安 全，特别是与使用机械引起的风险有关的工作 人员和消费者，必要时还包括家畜和财产。 (4) In order to ensure legal certainty for users, the scope of this Directive and the concepts relating to its application should be defined (5) Council Directive 89/392/EEC of 14 June 1989 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to machinery (OJ L 183, 29.6.1989, p. 9). 1989 年 6 月 14 日关于使各成员国有关机械的法律趋 于一致的 89/392/EEC指令。
    L 157/25 L 157/25 EN EN Official Journal of the European Union 欧洲共同体官方公报 9.6.2006 2006年6月9日 as precisely as possible. 为了确保使用者的法律确定性，应尽可能精确 地定义本指令的范围及其应用的相关概念。 to (5) The Member States' mandatory provisions governing construction site hoists intended for lifting persons or persons and goods, which are often supplemented by de facto compulsory technical specifications and/or by voluntary standards, do not necessarily lead to different levels of health and safety their disparities, do but, because of nevertheless constitute barriers trade within the Community. Moreover, the national systems for the conformity assessment and certification of these machines diverge considerably. It is therefore desirable not to exclude from the scope of this Directive construction site hoists intended for lifting persons or persons and goods. 各成员国管理用于提升人员或人员和货物的 建筑工地升降机的强制条款，通常由事实上的 强制性技术规范和（或）自愿性标准补充。虽 然这未必导致各成员国健康和安全水平不同， 但由于这些差异的存在，的确在共同体内部产 生了贸易壁垒。此外，各国针对这些机器的合 格评定和认证制度存在显著差异。因此，将用 于提升人员或人员和货物的建筑工地升降机 排除在本指令的范围之外是不合适的。 (6) It is appropriate to exclude from the scope of this Directive weapons, including firearms, that are subject to Council Directive 91/477/EEC of 18 June 1991 on control of the acquisition and possession of weapons (6); the exclusion of firearms should not apply to portable and other impact machinery designed for industrial or technical purposes only. It is necessary to provide for transitional arrangements enabling Member States to authorise the placing on the market and putting into service of such machinery manufactured in accordance with national provisions in force upon adoption of this Directive, including those implementing the Convention of 1 July 1969 on the Reciprocal Recognition of Proofmarks on Small Arms. transitional arrangements will also Such enable standardisation organisations to draft standards ensuring the safety level based on the state of the art. 武器，包括1991年6月18日关于控制获取和拥 有武器的理事会指令91/477/EEC规定的轻武 器（6）不在本指令的范围内；但排除在本指令范 围之外的轻武器不包括仅用于工业或技术目 the European (6) OJ L 256, 13.9.1991, p. 51. OJ L 256，1991 年 9 月 13 日，第 51 页。 的而设计的便携式弹药推进打钉工具和其他 冲击机械。有必要安排过渡期，以使在采纳本 指令之前，各成员国能够批准按照有效的国家 条款制造的这类机械投放市场和投入使用，包 括执行1969年7月1日关于轻武器合格标记互 认协定的那些机械。这种过渡安排也将促使欧 洲标准化组织根据工艺现状起草确保安全水 平的标准。 to of 30 November (7) This Directive does not apply to the lifting of persons by means of machines not designed for the lifting of persons. However, this does not affect the right of Member States to take national measures, in accordance with the Treaty, with respect to such machines, with a implementing Council Directive view 89/655/EEC 1989 concerning the minimum safety and health requirements for the use of work equipment by workers at work (second individual Directive within the meaning of Article 16(1) of Directive 89/391/EEC) (7). 本指令不适用于不是设计用于提升人员而用 来升降人员的机器。然而，考虑到执行1989 年11月30日关于工人工作时使用工作设备的 最 低 安 全 和 健 康 要 求 的 理 事 会 指 令 89/655/EEC（指令89/391/EEC第16条(1)意义 上的第二项单独指令）（7）这并不影响各成员 国根据条约对这些机器采取国家措施的权利。 (8) In relation to agricultural and forestry tractors, the provisions of this Directive concerning the risks currently not covered by Directive 2003/37/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 26 May 2003 on of typeapproval of agricultural or forestry tractors, their trailers and interchangeable towed machinery, together with their systems, components and separate technical units (8) should no longer apply when such risks are covered by Directive 2003/37/EC. 对于农业及林业用拖拉机，本指令目前涉及的 风险的没有包含在2003年5月26日欧洲议会和 委员会关于农业或林业拖拉机及其拖车、可互 (7) OJ L 393, 30.12.1989, p. 13. Directive as last amended by Directive 2001/45/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 195, 19.7.2001, p. 46). OJ L 393，1989年12月30日。欧洲议会和欧洲联盟理事会 的第2001/45/EC指令的修订（OJ L 195，2001年7月19日， 第46页）。 (8) OJ L 171, 9.7.2003, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Commission Directive 2005/67/EC (OJ L 273, 19.10.2005, p. 17). OJ L 171，2003年7月9日，第1页。委员会2005/67/EC 指令的修订指令（OJ L 273，2005年10月19日，第17 页）。
    L 157/26 L 157/26 EN EN Official Journal of the European Union 欧洲联盟官方公报 9.6.2006 2006年6月9日 换牵引机械，连同它们的系统、组件和单独的 技术单元（8）型式认可指令2003/37/EC中。 当2003/37/EC指令包含这些风险时，本指令不 再适用。 (9) Market is an surveillance essential instrument inasmuch as it ensures the proper and uniform application of Directives. It is therefore appropriate to put in place the legal framework within which market surveillance can proceed harmoniously. 市场监督是确保指令正确和统一实施的基本 工具。因此，可制定利于协调进行市场监督的 法律框架。 (10) Member States are responsible for ensuring that this Directive is effectively enforced on their territory and that the safety of the machinery concerned is, as far as possible, improved in accordance with its provisions. Member States should ensure their capacity to carry out effective market surveillance, taking account of guidelines developed by the Commission, in order to achieve the proper and uniform application of this Directive. 各成员国负责确保本指令在其本土有效执行， 并且尽可能根据指令的条款提高相关机械的 安全性。考虑到委员会制定的指南，为了使本 指令得到正确统一的实施，各成员国宜确保其 有能力进行有效的市场监督。 (11) In the context of market surveillance, a clear distinction should be established between the disputing of a harmonized standard conferring a presumption of conformity on machinery and the safeguard clause relating to machinery. 就市场监督而言，宜在质疑用于机械符合性假 定的协调标准与机械保障条款之间的设置明 显的差别。 (12) The putting into service of machinery within the meaning of this Directive can relate only to the use of the machinery itself for its intended purpose or for a purpose which can reasonably be foreseen. This does not preclude the laying down of conditions of use external to the machinery, provided that it is not thereby modified in a way not specified in this Directive. 在本指令中，机械投入使用只能是按照机械本 身的预订用途或可合理预见的用途使用；这并 不排除规定机械的外部使用条件，前提是这并 不会因此而按本指令未规定的方式修改。 (13) It is also necessary for an adequate mechanism allowing for the adoption of specific measures at Community to provide level requiring Member States to prohibit or restrict the placing on the market of certain types of machinery presenting the same risks to the health and safety of persons either due to shortcomings in the relevant harmonised standard(s) or by virtue of their technical characteristics, or to make such machinery subject to special conditions. In order to ensure the appropriate assessment of the need for such measures, they should be taken by the Commission, assisted by a committee, in the light of consultations with the Member States and other interested parties. Since such measures are not directly applicable to economic operators, Member States should take all necessary measures for their implementation. 还有必要提供适当的机制，以便考虑在共同体 层面要求各成员国采取具体措施禁止或限制 由于相关的协调标准存在缺陷或由于其技术 特点而对人员健康和安全存在相同风险的某 几类机械投放市场，或者使这些机械在特殊条 件下使用。为了确保对是否需要这些措施进行 恰当的评价，应由欧洲联盟委员会在一个委员 会的协助下，并征询各成员国和其他利益相关 方后采取这些措施。因为这些措施并不直接用 于经济运营者，所以各成员国应采取所有必要 的措施来确保其执行。 these is safe; (14) The essential health and safety requirements should be satisfied in order to ensure that machinery requirements should be applied with discernment to take account of the state of the art at the time of construction and of technical and economic requirements. 为了确保机械是安全的，应满足基本健康与安 全要求；实施这些基本要求时，应仔细考虑到 制造时的工艺现状以及技术和经济要求。 the manufacturer should (15) Where the machinery may be used by a consumer, that is to say, a non-professional operator, take account of this in the design and construction. The same applies where a machine is normally used to provide a service to a consumer. 如果机械可能被消费者使用，即由非专业操作 人员使用，则制造商应在设计和制造时予以考 虑。这也适用于通常用于为消费者提供服务的 机器。 (16) Although the requirements of this Directive do not apply to partly completed machinery in their entirety, it is nevertheless important that the free movement of such machinery be guaranteed by means of a specific procedure. 尽管本指令的要求不适用于完整机械中的半
    L 157/27 L 157/27 EN EN Official Journal of the European Union 欧洲共同体官方公报 9.6.2006 2006年6月9日 成品机械，但通过采取特别程序保证此类机械 的自由流通是很重要的。 (17) For trade fairs, exhibitions and such like, it should be possible to exhibit machinery which does not satisfy the requirements of this Directive. However, interested parties should be properly the machinery does not conform and cannot be purchased in that condition. 在商品交易会和展览会等类似场合，展出的机 械可能不满足本指令的要求。然而，在这种情 况下应以适当的方式告知相关利益方该机械 不符合本指令的要求，并且不能购买。 informed that it requirements is desirable requirements, and (18) This Directive defines only the essential health and safety requirements of general application, supplemented by a number of more specific for certain categories of machinery. In order to help manufacturers to prove conformity to these essential to allow inspection of conformity to the essential requirements, to have standards that are harmonized at Community level for the prevention of risks arising out of the design and construction of machinery. These standards are drawn up by private-law bodies and should retain their non-binding status. 本指令只规定了通用的基本健康与安全要求， 并对某些类型的机械补充了很多更为具体的 要求；为了帮助制造商证明符合这些基本要 求，并检查与这些基本要求的符合性，需要有 一套在共同体层面协调的标准，以防止由于机 械设计和制造而产生的风险。这些标准由民间 机构制定，并保持其非强制性的地位。 for procedures (19) In view of the nature of the risks involved in this the use of machinery covered by Directive, assessing conformity to the essential health and safety requirements should be established. These procedures should be devised in the light of the extent of the danger inherent in such machinery. Consequently, each category of machinery should have its appropriate procedure in conformity with Council Decision 93/465/EEC of 22 July 1993 concerning the modules for the various phases of the conformity assessment procedures and the rules for the affixing and use of the CE conformity marking, which are intended technical harmonization directives (1), taking account of the nature of the verification required for to be used the in (1) OJ L 220, 30.8.1993, p. 23. OJ L 220，1993 年 8 月 30 日，第 23 页。 such machinery. 考虑到本指令涵盖的机械在使用时的风险性 质，应建立基本健康与安全要求的合格评定程 序。这些程序根据机械固有危险的范围来制 定。因此，考虑到机械所必需的验证的性质， 每一类机械都应有自己适合的程序，以符合 1993年7月22日关于用于技术协调指令的不同 阶段合格评定程序模式以及加贴和使用CE标 志规则的理事会决议93/465/EEC（1）。 the conformity of (20) Manufacturers should retain full responsibility for certifying their machinery to the provisions of this Directive. Nevertheless, for certain types of machinery having a higher factor, a stricter certification procedure is desirable. 制造商们应保有证明其机械符合本指令条款 的全部责任，对于存在更高风险因素的某几类 机械，需要更严格的认证程序。 risk (21) The CE marking should be fully recognised as being the only marking which guarantees that machinery conforms to the requirements of this Directive. All other markings which are likely to mislead third parties as to the meaning or the form of the CE marking, or both, should be prohibited. 由于CE标志是保证机械符合本指令的要求的 唯一标志，因此CE标志宜能完全被识别。宜禁 止使用可能误导第三方理解CE 标志含义和 （或）外形的其他所有标志。 (22) In order to ensure the same quality for the CE marking and the manufacturer's mark, it is important that they be affixed according to the same techniques. In order to avoid confusion between any CE markings which might appear on certain components and the CE marking corresponding to the machinery, it is important that the latter marking be affixed alongside the name of the person who has taken responsibility for it, namely the manufacturer authorised representative. 为确保CE标志和制造商标志具有相同质量，应 采用相同的技术加贴。为避免加贴在某些部件 上的CE标志与加贴在对应机械上的CE标志产 生混淆，后者应加贴在该机械负责人的旁边， 即制造商或其授权代表的姓名旁边。 his or (23) The manufacturer or his authorised representative should also ensure that a risk assessment is carried out for the machinery which he wishes to place on the market. For this purpose, he should determine which are the essential health and safety requirements applicable to his machinery and in respect of which he must take measures.
    L 157/28 L 157/28 EN EN Official Journal of the European Union 欧洲联盟官方公报 9.6.2006 2006年6月9日 制造商或其授权代表还应确保对其希望投放 市场的机械进行风险评价。为此，制造商或其 授权代表应决定哪些基本健康与安全要求是 适用于其机械的，以及必须要采取的措施。 all should documentation (24) It is essential that, before drawing up the EC declaration of conformity, the manufacturer or his authorised representative established in the Community should prepare a technical construction file. However, it is not essential that be permanently available in material form, but it must be possible to make it available on request. It need not include detailed plans of subassemblies used for the manufacture of machinery, unless knowledge of such plans is essential in order to ascertain conformity with the essential health and safety requirements. 在起草EC合格声明前，基本要求是制造商或其 在欧盟设立的授权代表应准备一份技术结构 文件。然而，不必永久以实物形式提供所有文 件，但在需要时必须能够提供。不需要包括用 于机械制造的零部件详细设计图，除非必须要 有这些设计图才能确定其是否符合基本健康 与安全要求。 (25) The addressees of any decision taken under this Directive should be informed of the reasons for such a decision and of the legal remedies open to them. 依据本指令做出的任何决定，宜向对方通报该 决定的理由，并向他们指明合法的补救措施。 (26) Member States should provide for penalties applicable to infringements of the provisions of this Directive. Those penalties should be effective, proportionate and dissuasive. 各成员国宜提供违反本指令条款的处罚措施。 这些处罚措施宜是有效的、适当的和劝诫的。 (27) The application of this Directive to a number of machines intended for lifting persons requires a better delimitation of the products covered by this Directive with respect to those covered by Directive 95/16/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 June 1995 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to lifts (1). A redefinition of the scope of the latter Directive thus deemed necessary. therefore be Directive 95/16/EC should is (1) OJL213,7.9.1995,p.1. Directive asa mended by Regulation (EC) No1882/2003 (OJL284,31.10.2003,p.1). OJ L 213，1995 年 9 月 7 日，第 1 页。1882/2003 号规范（EC）修订指令（OJ L 284，2003 年 10 月 31 日，第 1 页）。 amended accordingly. 适用于本指令的很多预定用于提升人员的机 器与1995年6月29日欧洲议会和欧洲联盟理事 会关于使各成员国有关升降机的法律趋于一 致的95/16/EC 指令(1)涵盖的产品之间需要更 明确的界限。因此，有必要重新规定95/16/EC 指令的范围，所以95/16/EC指令应做相应的修 改。 in relation (28) Since the objective of this Directive, namely, to lay down the essential health and safety requirements to design and manufacture in order to improve the safety of machinery placed on the market, cannot be sufficiently achieved by the Member States and can be better achieved at Community level, the Community may adopt measures, in accordance with the principle of subsidiarity as set out in Article 5 of the Treaty. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, as set out in that Article, this Directive does not go beyond what is necessary in order to achieve that objective. 由于各成员国不能充分实现，而在共同体层面 能更好地实现本指令的目标，即为提高投放市 场的机械的安全性而规定设计和制造的基本 健康安全要求，则共同体可能根据条约的第5 条中的辅助性原则采取措施。根据该条款规定 的适当原则，本指令不会超出实现该目标所必 需的措施。 on (29) In accordance with point 34 of the Interinstitutional Agreement better law-making(2), Member are encouraged to draw up, for themselves and in the interests of the Community, their own tables illustrating, as far as possible, the correlation between this Directive and the transposition measures, and to make them public. States 根据关于更好地制定法律的机构间协议的第 34点(2)，鼓励各成员国为自己起草符合共同体 利益的议案，以尽可能说明本指令与转化措施 之间的关系，并予以公布。 (30) The measures for necessary the implementation of this Directive should be adopted in accordance with Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures the exercise of implementing powers conferred on the Commission (3), 应根据1999年6月28日关于规定授予欧洲联盟 委 员 会 行 使 执 行 权 的 程 序 的 理 事 会 决 定 for (2) OJC321, 31.12.2003, p.1. (3) OJL184, 17.7.1999, p.23.
    L 157/29 L 157/29 EN EN Official Journal of the European Union 欧洲共同体官方公报 9.6.2006 2006年6月9日 — agricultural and forestry tractors for the risks covered by Directive 2003/37/EC, with the exclusion of machinery mounted on these vehicles, 风险包含在2003/37/EC 指令中的的农业 和林业拖拉机，但安装在这些车辆上的机 械除外， — motor vehicles and their trailers covered by Council Directive 70/156/EEC of 6 February 1970 on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to the type-approval of motor vehicles and their trailers (1), with the exclusion of machinery mounted on these vehicles, 1970年2月6日关于使各成员国有关机动 车辆及其挂车型式认可的各项法律趋于 一致的理事会指令70/156/EEC所涵盖的 机动车及其挂车(1)，但安装于这些车辆上 的机械除外， — vehicles by covered Directive 2002/24/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 March 2002 relating to the type-approval of two or three-wheel motor vehicles (2), with the exclusion of machinery mounted on these vehicles, 2002年3月18日关于两轮或三轮摩托车型 式 认 可 的 欧 洲 议 会 和 欧 洲 联 盟 理 事 会 2002/24/EC指令(2)所涵盖的车辆，但安装 于这些车辆上的机械除外， — motor vehicles exclusively intended for competition, and 专门用于比赛的机动车辆，和 — means of transport by air, on water and on rail networks with the exclusion of machinery mounted on these means of transport; 空运、水运和铁路线路中的运输工具，但 安装于这些运输工具上的机械除外； (f) seagoing vessels and mobile offshore units and machinery installed on board such vessels and/or units; 海轮及近海移动设施，以及安装在其甲板 (1) OJ L 42, 23.2.1970, p. 1. Directive as last amended by Commission Directive 2006/28/EC (OJ L 65, 7.3.2006, p. 27). OJ L 42，1970年2月23日，第1页。委员会2006/28/EC 指令的修订指令（OJ L 65，2006年3月7日，第27页）。 (2) OJL124, 9.5.2002, p.1. Directive as last amended by Commission Directive 2005/30/EC (OJL106, 27.4.2005, p.17). OJ L 124，2002 年 5 月 9 日，第 1 页，委员会 2005/30/EC指令的修订指令（OJ L 106，2005 年 4 月 27 日，第 17 页）。 1999/468/EC(3)采取必要的措施执行本指令。 HAS ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE: 兹通过本指令： Article 1 Scope 第1条 范围 1. This Directive applies products: 本指令适用于下列产品： (a) machinery; 机械； to the following (b) interchangeable equipment; 可互换设备； (c) safety components; 安全组件； (d) lifting accessories; 升降机附件； (e) chains, ropes and webbing; (f) 链、绳和带； removable mechanical devices; 可拆卸的机械传动装置； transmission (g) partly completed machinery. 半成品机械。 2. The following are excluded from the scope of this Directive: 下列产品在本指令范围之外： (a) safety components intended to be used identical as spare parts components and supplied by the manufacturer of the original machinery; 由原始机械的制造商提供，用作备件替换 相同组件的安全组件； to replace (b) specific equipment for use in fairgrounds and/or amusement parks; 赛场和（或）游乐场使用的专用设备； (c) machinery specially designed or put into service for nuclear purposes which, in the event of failure, may result in an emission of radioactivity; 为核用途而专门设计或交付使用的，发生 故障时会产生核辐射的机械； (d) weapons, including firearms; 武器，包括轻武器； (e) the following means of transport: 下列运输工具：
    EN EN Official Journal of the European Union 欧洲联盟官方公报 9.6.2006 2006年6月9日 L 157/30 L 157/30 上的机械； (g) machinery specially designed and for military or police constructed purposes; 为军用或警用专门设计和制造的机械； (h) machinery specially designed and constructed for research purposes for temporary use in laboratories; 为研究目的而专门设计和制造的实验室 临时使用的机械； (i) mine winding gear; 矿用卷扬传动装置； (j) machinery intended to move performers during artistic performances; 文艺表演期间用于移动演员的机械； (k) electrical and electronic products falling within the following areas, insofar as they are covered by Council Directive 73/23/EEC of 19 February 1973 on the harmonization of the laws of Member States relating to electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits ( 1): 1973年2月19日关于协调各成员国用于某 些电压（低电压）范围内的电气设备法律 的理事会指令73/23/EEC(1)所涵盖的下列 范围内的电气和电子产品： — household appliances domestic use, 家用电器， intended for — audio and video equipment, 音频和视频设备， information technology equipment, 信息技术设备， — ordinary office machinery, 普通办公用机械， low-voltage switchgear and control gear, 低压开关设备和控制装置， — — — electric motors; (l) 电动机； the electrical equipment: 下列类型的高压电气设备： following types of high-voltage — switch gear and control gear, (1) OJ L 77, 26.3.1973, p. 29. Directive as amended by Directive 93/68/EEC (OJ L 220, 30.8.1993, p. 1). OJ L 77，1973年3月26日，第29页，93/68/EEC指令 的修订指令（OJ L 220，1993年8月30日，第1页）。 — 开关设备和操作装置， transformers. 变压器。 Article 2 Definitions 第2条 定义 For the purposes of this Directive, ‘machinery’ designates the products listed in Article 1(1)(a) to (f). 本指令中，“机械”是指第1条(1)(a)~(f)中列出的产 品。 The following definitions shall apply: 应采用下列定义： (a) ‘machinery’ means: “机械”是指： — an assembly, fitted with or intended to be fitted with a drive system other than directly applied human or animal effort, consisting of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves, and which are joined for a specific application, 由若干个零部件组合而成，其中至少有一 个零部件是可移动的，并且装有或预定装 有驱动系统，不是由人力或畜力直接作用 的组装件。这些零部件组装在一起可用于 某种特定的用途； together — an assembly referred to in the first indent, missing only the components to connect it on site or to sources of energy and motion, 第1项提到的机械装置，只是缺少在现场 将其连接起来的组件，或与动力源和运动 相连接的组件， — an assembly referred to in the first and second indents, ready to be installed and able to function as it stands only if mounted on a means of transport, or installed in a building or a structure, 第1、2项提到的、待安装的机械装置，只 有安装在运输工具上，建筑或结构上才能 按照实际情况执行功能， — assemblies of machinery referred to in the first, second and third indents or partly completed machinery referred to in point (g) which, in order to achieve the same end, are arranged and controlled so that they function as an integral whole, 第1、2和3项提到的机械装置或(g)中提到 的半成品机械，为了达到相同的目的而将 其进行布置和控制，使他们作为一个整体 执行功能，
    L 157/31 L 157/31 EN EN Official Journal of the European Union 欧洲共同体官方公报 9.6.2006 2006年6月9日 组件或设备，允许其承担负载，通常置于机械 和负载之间或在负载上；或预定作为负载的组 成部分，单独投放市场；绳及其组件也被视为 升降机附件； a (f) designed removable and webbing (e) ‘chains, ropes and webbing’ means chains, ropes and constructed for lifting purposes as part of lifting machinery or lifting accessories; “链、绳和带”是指用于升降目的而设计和制 造的链、绳和带，作为升降机的部件或附件； ‘removable mechanical transmission device’ means for transmitting power between selfpropelled machinery or a tractor and another machine by joining them at the first fixed bearing. When it is placed on the market with the guard it shall be regarded as one product; “可拆卸的机械传动装置”是指位于自行式机 械或牵引机与另一机器之间，在第一个固定轴 承处将它们连接起来的可拆卸组件。当可拆卸 的机械传动装置带有防护装置投放市场时，应 视为一种产品； component is to only intended (g) ‘partly completed machinery’ means an assembly which is almost machinery but which cannot in itself perform a specific application. A drive system is partly completed machinery. Partly completed machinery be incorporated into or assembled with other machinery or other partly completed machinery or equipment, thereby forming machinery to which this Directive applies; “半成品机械”是指几乎是一台机械的机械装 置件，但是其自身还不能完成特定功能。驱动 系统是半成品机械。半成品机械只能预定用于 安装在其他机械或半成品机械中，或与其他机 械或半成品机械一起装配，从而形成适用于本 指令的机械； (h) ‘placing on the market’ means making available for the first time in the Community machinery or partly completed machinery with a view to distribution or use, whether for reward or free of charge; “投放市场”是指在共同体内首次销售或使用 的机械或半成品机械，无论是作为报酬还是免 费； ‘manufacturer’ means any natural or legal person who designs and/or manufactures machinery or partly completed machinery covered by this Directive and is responsible for the conformity of the machinery or the partly completed machinery with this Directive with a view to its being placed on the market, under his own name or — an assembly of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves and which are joined together, intended for lifting loads and whose only power source is directly applied human effort; 零件或组件连在一起的机械装置，它们组 装在一起且其中至少一个能运动，预定用 于提升载荷，并且其唯一动力源是直接利 用人力； the putting (b) ‘interchangeable equipment’ means a device which, after into service of machinery or of a tractor, is assembled with that machinery or tractor by the operator himself in order to change its function or attribute a new function, in so far as this equipment is not a tool; “可互换设备”是指机械或牵引机投入使用 后，为了改变其功能或增加新的功能，由操作 者自己装配在机械或牵引机上的设备，该设备 不是一种工具； ‘safety component’ means a component: “安全组件”是指 — which serves to fulfil a safety function, (c) 用于实现一种安全功能的组件； — which is independently placed on the market, 单独投放市场的组件； the failure and/or malfunction of which endangers the safety of persons, and 失效和（或）故障时会对人员产生危险的 组件，以及 — — which is not necessary in order for the machinery to function, or for which normal components may be substituted in order for the machinery to function. 不是机械执行功能所必需的组件，或机械 执行功能时可以被替换的标准组件。 An indicative list of safety components is set out in Annex V, which may be updated in accordance with Article 8(1)(a); 附录Ⅴ给出了安全组件清单，该清单可根据第 8条(1)(a)更新； to the (d) ‘lifting accessory’ means a component or equipment not attached lifting machinery, allowing the load to be held, which is placed between the machinery and the load or on the load itself, or which is intended to constitute an integral part of the load and which is independently placed on the market; slings and their components are also regarded as lifting accessories; “升降机附件”是指没有附在升降机上的一种 (i)
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