logo资料库

ANSI-92 SQL手册英文版(pdf).pdf

第1页 / 共1562页
第2页 / 共1562页
第3页 / 共1562页
第4页 / 共1562页
第5页 / 共1562页
第6页 / 共1562页
第7页 / 共1562页
第8页 / 共1562页
资料共1562页,剩余部分请下载后查看
Information Technology - Database Language SQL (Proposed revised text of DIS 9075) July 1992
(Second Informal Review Draft) ISO/IEC 9075:1992, Database Language SQL- July 30, 1992
Digital Equipment Corporation Maynard, Massachusetts
Contents Page Foreword.........................................................xi Introduction.....................................................xiii 1 Scope ........................................................ 1 2 Normative references ......................................... 3 3 Definitions, notations, and conventions ...................... 5 3.1 Definitions ................................................ 5 3.1.1Definitions taken from ISO/IEC 10646 ....................... 5 3.1.2Definitions taken from ISO 8601 ............................ 5 3.1.3Definitions provided in this International Standard ........ 5 3.2 Notation ................................................... 7 3.3 Conventions ................................................ 9 3.3.1Informative elements ....................................... 9 3.3.2Specification of syntactic elements ........................ 9 3.3.3Specification of the Information Schema ....................10
3.3.4Use of terms ...............................................10 3.3.4Exceptions .................................................10 3.3.4Syntactic containment ......................................11 3.3.4Terms denoting rule requirements ...........................12 3.3.4Rule evaluation order ......................................12 3.3.4Conditional rules ..........................................13 3.3.4Syntactic substitution .....................................13 3.3.4Other terms ................................................14 3.3.5Descriptors ................................................14 3.3.6Index typography ...........................................15 3.4 Object identifier for Database Language SQL ................16 4 Concepts .....................................................19 4.1 Data types .................................................19 4.2 Character strings ..........................................20 4.2.1Character strings and collating sequences ..................20 4.2.2Operations involving character strings .....................22 4.2.2Operators that operate on character strings and return char- acter strings...............................................22 4.2.2Other operators involving character strings ................23 4.2.3Rules determining collating sequence usage .................23 4.3 Bit strings ................................................26 4.3.1Bit string comparison and assignment .......................27
4.3.2Operations involving bit strings ...........................27 4.3.2Operators that operate on bit strings and return bit strings ............................................................27 4.3.2Other operators involving bit strings ......................27 ii Database Language SQL
4.4 Numbers ....................................................27 4.4.1Characteristics of numbers .................................28 4.4.2Operations involving numbers ...............................29 4.5 Datetimes and intervals ....................................29 4.5.1Datetimes ..................................................30 4.5.2Intervals ..................................................32 4.5.3Operations involving datetimes and intervals ...............34 4.6 Type conversions and mixing of data types ..................34 4.7 Domains ....................................................35 4.8 Columns ....................................................36 4.9 Tables .....................................................37 4.10 Integrity constraints ......................................40 4.10.Checking of constraints ....................................41 4.10.Table constraints ..........................................41 4.10.Domain constraints .........................................43 4.10.Assertions .................................................43 4.11 SQL-schemas ................................................44
4.12 Catalogs ...................................................45 4.13 Clusters of catalogs .......................................45 4.14 SQL-data ...................................................45 4.15 SQL-environment ............................................46 4.16 Modules ....................................................46 4.17 Procedures .................................................47 4.18 Parameters .................................................47 4.18.Status parameters ..........................................47 4.18.Data parameters ............................................48 4.18.Indicator parameters .......................................48 4.19 Diagnostics area ...........................................48 4.20 Standard programming languages .............................49 4.21 Cursors ....................................................49 4.22 SQL-statements .............................................51 4.22.Classes of SQL-statements ..................................51 4.22.SQL-statements classified by function ......................52 4.22.Embeddable SQL-statements ..................................55 4.22.Preparable and immediately executable SQL-statements .......56 4.22.Directly executable SQL-statements .........................58 4.22.SQL-statements and transaction states ......................59 4.23 Embedded syntax ............................................61 4.24 SQL dynamic statements .....................................61
分享到:
收藏