2007 年陕西师范大学英语综合考研真题 【综合课 A】 PART ONE: LINGUISTICS (90%) I: Define the following terms:(15points) competence & cardinal vowels & concordance & case & systemic functional grammar II.Briefly answer the following questions. (25 points) 1. What are the distinctive features of language? 2. Why is the distinction between diachronic and synchronic important in linguistics? 3. Give two examples to illustrate what is minimal pair and answer why it is important in studying the speech sounds of a particular language? 4. In what processes can a new word or expression be created? Give at least one example for each process. 5. Draw a diagram to illustrate Chomsky's Standard Theory. II. Disambiguate the following sentences. (You may analyze and explain with tree diagrams and/or English/Chinese translation.)(15 points) 1.I saw her duck. 2. 爱上博物馆。 IV. How will you interpret the sense relations between the "different" animals in the following diagram?(15 points) V.In what dimensions could a set of synonyms be discriminated? Try to analyze the following sets of synonyms. (20 points) 1.与 跟 和 同 prelty 2. handsome good looking beautiful PART TWO: TEACHING METHODOLOGY (30%) I.Fill in the following blanks(10%) 1. ___stresses the context in which an utterance occurs. 2. In the teaching of literature, TG grammar provides a new instrument for___ 3. For the first time,____provides description of phonological systems which aids the systematic teaching of pronunciation. 4. Linguistic research is concerned with __ which explains the phenomena of language. 5. ___compared with"syllabus", is often used in a broader sense, referring to all thelearning goals, objectives, contents, processes, resources and means of evaluation. 6.____extends theoretical linguistics in the direction of language learning and teaching. 7,__is the degree to which a test measures what it is meant to measure. 8. D. H. Hymes(1971)proposes___as the four components of COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE. 

9. If a test produces the same or very similar results when given to the same candidates twice in succession or marked by different people, it is regarded as having high degree of___. 10. The results of_________ are not easily quantifiable. II Comments (10%) 1.Comment on the four types of test (aptitude test, proficiency test, achievement test, and diagnostic test) 2.Comment on the five syllabuses(structural syllabus, situational syllabus, notional-functional syllabus, communicative syllabus, and fully communicative syllabus) III.Analysis(10%) 1.Analyze different attitudes view)2.Analyze various linguistic views (traditional grammar, linguistics, structuralist linguistics, functional competence) to errors(the structuralist view and post-structuralist transformation-generative linguistics, and the theory of communicative PART THREE: TRANSLATION(30%) I. Translate the following into Chinese. The difference between the pair was, that while the father was violent and a bully, the son had thrice the nerve and courage of the parent, and could not merely make an attack, but resist it. Finding that the moment was now come when the contest between him and his father was to be decided, he took his dinner with perfect coolness and appetite before the engagement began. Old Osborne, on the contrary, was nervous, and drank much. He floudered in his conversation with the ladies, his neighbors: George's coolness only rendering him more angry. It made him half mad to see the calm way in which George, flapping his napkin, and with a swaggering bow, opened the door for the ladies to leave the room; filling himself a glass of wine, smacked it, and looked his father full in the face, as if to say, "Gentleman of the Guard, fire first." II. Translate the following into English. 这个镇的街面不大。十几家铺子、几十户住家紧紧夹着一条青石板街。铺子和铺子是那样的 挤密，以至一家煮狗肉，满街闻香气;以至谁家娃儿跌跤碰脱牙、打了碗，街坊邻里心中都 有数∶以至妹娃家的私房话，年轻夫妇的打情骂俏，都常常被隔壁邻居听了去，传为一镇的 秘闻趣事、笑料谈资。偶尔某户人家弟兄内讧，夫妻斗殴，整条街道便会骚动起来，人们往 来奔走，相告相对，如同河学惊的群。半天不得平息。不是逢虾的日子。待两边的住 户 还会从各自的阁楼上朝街对面的阁楼搭长竹竿，晾晒一应布物∶衣衫裤子，裙子被子。山风 吹过，但见通街上空"万国旗"纷纷扬扬，红红绿绿，五花八门。人在下边过，鸡在下边啼， 猫狗在下边梭窜，别有一种风情，另成一番景象。 

【综合课 B】 PART TWO: LITERATURE(60%) I.Fll in the blanks by choosing the best answers from the choices given below（10%）同上， 不再列出。 II. Answer the following questions briefly (30%) 1. what are features of the neoclassical literature? 2. what major contributions did Thomas Hardy make to English literature? 3. what are the thematic concerns and the artistic characteristics of Emily Dickenson's poetry? III.identify the following, and write a comment on it (20%) Philip Freneau 的 The Wild Honey Suckle 的原文 PART THREE: TRANSLATION(60%) I.简述翻译的过程（此题可用中文作答 10%） II. Translate the following into Chinese (25%) There are moments in life when you miss someone so much that you just want to pick them from your dreams and hug them for real. When the door of happiness closes, another opens; but often times we look so long at the closed door that we don't see the one, which has been opened for us. Don't go for looks; they can deceive. Don't go for wealth; even that fades away. Go for someone who makes you smile, because it takes only a smile to make a dark day seem bright. Find the one that makes your heart smile. Dream what you want to dream; go where you want to go; be what you want to be, because you have only one life and one chance to do all the things you want to do. May you have enough happiness to make you sweet, enough trials to make you strong,enough sorrow to keep you human and enough hope to make you happy. III. Translate the following into English (25%) 逢到和旧友谈话，就不知不觉地把话题转到旧事上去，这是我的习惯。我在这上面无意识地 会感到一种温暖地慰藉。可是这些旧友一年比一年减少了，本来只是屈指可数的几个，少去 一个是无法弥补的。我每当听到一个旧友死去的消息，总要惆怅多时。 学校教育给我们的好处不但只是灌输知识，最大的好处恐怕还在给与我们求友的机会上。这 好处我到了离学校以后才知道，这几年来更确切地体会到，深悔当时毫不自觉，马马虎虎地 过夫了。近来每日早晚在路上见到两两三三的携了手或挽了肩膀走着的青年学生，我总艳羡 他们有朋友之乐，暗暗地要在心中替他们祝福。