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sip协议中文版(rfc3261).docx

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    SIP 即时消息 RFC3428 目录 SIP 即时消息 RFC3428................................................................................................. 1 1、 SIP 协议介绍 ............................................................................................................. 13 2、 SIP 协议功能概况 ..................................................................................................... 13 3、术语............................................................................................................................ 15 4、实施概览.................................................................................................................... 15 5、协议的结构................................................................................................................ 25 6、协议的定义................................................................................................................ 27 7、 SIP 消息： ................................................................................................................. 35 7． 1 请求 .................................................................................................................... 36 7． 2 应答 .................................................................................................................... 37 7.3 头域....................................................................................................................... 38 7.3.1 头域格式。 ................................................................................................... 38 7.3.2 头域分类。 ................................................................................................... 42 7.3.3 缩写格式....................................................................................................... 42 7.4 包体....................................................................................................................... 42 7.4.1 消 息 正 文 类 型(MessageBodyType)...................................................... 42 7.4.2 消息体长度................................................................................................... 43 7.5 分帧的 SIP 消息（ Framing SIP Messages） .............................................. 43 8 一般用户代理行为....................................................................................................... 43 8.1 UAC 特性 .............................................................................................................. 44 8.1.1 产生一个请求............................................................................................... 44 8.1.1.1 Request-URI 45 8.1.1.2 TO......................................................................................................... .... 45 8.1.1.3 From ..................................................................................................... ... 46 1 8.1.1.4 Call-ID.................................................................................................... . 47 8.1.1.5 Cseq....................................................................................................... .. 48 8.1.1.6 Max-Forwards 48 ......................................................................................... ......................................................................................
    和 和 Supported 8.1.1.7 Via ........................................................................................................ .... 48 8.1.1.8 Contact .................................................................................................. . 49 8.1.1.9 Require........................................................................ 50 8.1.1.10 附加信息部分 ........................................................................................ 50 8.1.2 发送一个请求............................................................................................... 50 8.1.3 处理应答....................................................................................................... 51 8.1.3.1: transaction 层的错误......................................................................... 52 8.1.3.2 未知的应答............................................................................................... 52 8.1.3.3 Vias ....................................................................................................... ... 52 8.1.3.4 处理 3xx 应答 .......................................................................................... 52 8.1.3.5 处理 4xx 应答 .......................................................................................... 54 8.2 UAS 特性 .............................................................................................................. 55 8.2.1 方法判定....................................................................................................... 56 8.2.2 包头判断....................................................................................................... 56 8.2.2.1 Request-URI .............................................................................. 56 8.2.2.2 合并的请求............................................................................................... 57 8.2.2.3 Require .................................................................................................. . 57 8.2.3 内容处理....................................................................................................... 58 8.2.4 应用扩展....................................................................................................... 58 8.2.5 处理请求....................................................................................................... 59 8.2.6 产生应答....................................................................................................... 59 8.2.6.1 发送一个临时应答................................................................................... 59 8.2.6.2 Tags ............................................................................................. 60 8.2.7 无状态 UAS 行为 .......................................................................................... 60 8.3 重定向服务器....................................................................................................... 61 2 9 (Cancel).............................................................................................. 63 9.1 Behavior) ............................................................................ 63 9.2 Behavior)....................................................................... 65 10 (Server 服 务 (Client 端 行 为 和 求 取 消 TO 一 个 请 客 户 行 为 包 头 注 册
    对 (Registrations) ........................................................................................ ...... 66 10.1 概览 .................................................................................................................... 66 10.2 构造一个 REGISTER 请求 ............................................................................... 67 10.2.1 增加绑定 .................................................................................................... 69 10.2.1.1 设置 Contact 地址的过期参数............................................................. 70 10.2.2 删除绑定 .................................................................................................... 71 10.2.3 访问绑定 .................................................................................................... 71 10.2.4 刷新绑定 .................................................................................................... 72 10.2.5 设置内部时钟 ............................................................................................ 72 10.2.6 寻找注册服务器 ........................................................................................ 72 10.2.7 传送一个请求 ............................................................................................ 73 10.2.8 错误响应 .................................................................................................... 73 10.3 处理 REGISTER 请求 ....................................................................................... 73 11 查询能力.................................................................................................................... 76 11.1 构造 OPTIONS 请求 ......................................................................................... 77 11.2 处理 OPTIONS 请求 ......................................................................................... 78 12 话 (Dialog).................................................................................................. .......... 80 12.1 创建一个对话 .................................................................................................... 81 12.1.1 UAS 行为.................................................................................................... 81 12.1.2 UAC 行为.................................................................................................... 82 12.2 对话中的请求 .................................................................................................... 83 12.2.1 UAC 行为.................................................................................................... 84 12.1.1.1 产生请求 ................................................................................................ 84 12.2.1.2 处理应答 ................................................................................................ 86 12.2.2 UAS 行为.................................................................................................... 87 3 12.3 终止对话 ............................................................................................................ 88 13 初始化一个会话 ........................................................................................................ 88 13.1 概览 .................................................................................................................... 88 13.2 UAC 处理............................................................................................................ 89 13.2.1 始 化 INVITE...................................................................... 89 13.2.2 处理 INVITE 应答...................................................................................... 92 13.2.2.1 1xx 应答................................................................................................. 92 13.2.2.2 3xx 应答................................................................................................. 92 13.2.2.3 4xx,5xx,6xx 应答 ............................................................................... 93 13.2.2.4 2xx 应答 ............................................................................................... 93 13.3 UAS 处理............................................................................................................ 94 13.3.1 理 INVITE.............................................................................................. 94 13.3.1.1 提示进度 ................................................................................................ 95 13.3.1.2 INVITE 请求转发.................................................................................. 96 一 创 建 处 个 初 的
    状 态 有 理 定 处 13.3.1.3 INVITE 请求的拒绝.............................................................................. 96 13.3.1.4 接受 INVITE 请求.................................................................................. 96 14 更改已经存在的会话 ................................................................................................ 97 14.1 UAC 行为............................................................................................................ 98 14.2 UAS 行为............................................................................................................ 99 15 结束一个会话 .......................................................................................................... 101 15.1 使用 BYE 请求终止一个会话 .......................................................................... 102 15.1.1 UAC 行为.................................................................................................. 102 15.1.2 UAS 行为.................................................................................................. 103 16 proxy 行为............................................................................................................... 103 16.1 概述 .................................................................................................................. 103 16.2 的 proxy............................................................................................... 104 16.3 验证请求 .......................................................................................................... 106 16.4 路由信息预处理 .............................................................................................. 108 4 16.5 确定请求的目的 .............................................................................................. 109 16.6 请求转发 .......................................................................................................... 111 16.7 应答的处理 ...................................................................................................... 120 16.8 器 C ................................................................................................... 128 16.9 处理通讯层的错误 .......................................................................................... 129 16.10 CANCEL 处理 ............................................................................................... 129 16.11 的 proxy ............................................................................................ 130 16.12 Proxy Route 处理的总结 ........................................................................... 132 16.12.1 例子............................................................................................................ 133 16.12.1.1 基本 SIP 四边形................................................................................. 133 16.12.1.2 穿越一个严格路由 proxy ................................................................ 135 17 事务 .......................................................................................................................... 137 17.1 客户端事务 ...................................................................................................... 139 17.1.1 INVITE 客户事务.................................................................................... 140 17.1.1.1 INVITE 事务概述................................................................................ 140 17.1.1.2 正式的描述 .......................................................................................... 141 17.1.1.3 构造 ACK 请求...................................................................................... 145 17.1.2 非 INVITE 客户端事务............................................................................ 146 17.1.2.2 正式的描述 .......................................................................................... 146 17.1.3 客户端事务匹配应答 .............................................................................. 148 17.1.4 处理通讯错误 .......................................................................................... 148 17.2 服务端事务 ...................................................................................................... 150 17.2.1 INVITE 服务端事务................................................................................ 150 17.2.2 非 INVITE 服务端事务............................................................................ 153 17.2.3 为服务端事务匹配请求。 ...................................................................... 154 17.2.4 处理通讯错误 .......................................................................................... 157 时 无 状 态
    SIP 和 tel 客 关 联 18 通讯（ transport） ................................................................................................ 157 18.1 户 Clients ................................................................................................... . 158 5 18.1.1 发送请求 .................................................................................................. 158 18.1.2 接收应答 .................................................................................................. 160 18.2 服务端 .............................................................................................................. 161 18.2.1 接收请求 .................................................................................................. 161 18.2.2 发送应答 .................................................................................................. 162 18.3 分块 .................................................................................................................. 163 18.4 错误处理 .......................................................................................................... 164 19 常见消息部件(Common Message Components) ....................................... 164 19.1 SIP 和 SIPS 统一资源标记.............................................................................. 164 19.1.1 SIP 和 SIPS 部件...................................................................................... 165 19.1.2 Character Escaping Requirements（字符转码要求） .............. 169 19.1.3 SIP 和 SIPS URI 例子............................................................................. 171 19.1.4 URI 比较................................................................................................... 171 19.1.5 从 URI 中产生请求................................................................................... 174 19.1.6 URL ........................................................................ 176 19.2 Tags.................................................................................................. 178 19.3 Tags....................................................................................................... .......... 178 20 头域 .......................................................................................................................... 179 20.1 Accept.................................................................................................... ......... 181 20.2 Accept-Encoding...................................................................................... ... 184 20.3 Accept-Language ..................................................................................... .. 185 20.4 Alert-Info................................................................................................ ....... 185 20.5 Allow ..................................................................................................... .......... 186 20.6 Option URI
    Authentication-Info .................................................................................. . 186 20.7 Authorization .......................................................................................... ..... 186 20.8 Call-ID ................................................................................................... ......... 187 20.9 Call-Info................................................................................................. ........ 187 20.10 Contact .................................................................................................. ...... 188 6 20.11 Content-Disposition................................................................................ 189 20.12 Content-Encoding.................................................................................... 190 20.13 Content-Language .................................................................................. 191 20.14 Content-Length ....................................................................................... . 191 20.15 Content-Type .......................................................................................... .. 192 20.16 Cseq....................................................................................................... ....... 192 20.17 Date ...................................................................................................... ........ 193 20.18 Error-Info................................................................................................ .... 193 20.19 Expires................................................................................................... ...... 194 20.20 From ..................................................................................................... ........ 194
    20.21 In-Reply-To............................................................................................. ... 195 20.22 Max-Forwards ......................................................................................... .. 196 20.23 Min-Expires............................................................................................. ... 196 20.24 MIME-Version.......................................................................................... .. 196 20.25 Organization............................................................................................ .. 197 20.26 Priority ................................................................................................... ...... 197 20.27 Proxy-Authenticate................................................................................. 198 20.28 Proxy-Authorization................................................................................ 198 20.29 Proxy-Require.......................................................................................... . 199 20.30 Record-Route .......................................................................................... .. 199 20.31 Reply-To.................................................................................................. .... 199 20.32 Require .................................................................................................. ...... 200 20.33 Retry-After ............................................................................................. .... 200 20.34 Route..................................................................................................... ....... 201 20.35 Server ...................................................................................................
    ....... 201 20.36 Subject .................................................................................................. ...... 201 20.37 Supported............................................................................................... .... 202 20.38 Timestamp ............................................................................................. .... 202 20.39 To.......................................................................................................... ......... 202 7 20.40 Unsupported............................................................................................ .. 203 20.41 User-Agent.............................................................................................. ... 203 20.42 Via ........................................................................................................ ......... 203 20.43 警告 ............................................................................................................... 205 20.44 WWW-Authenticate ................................................................................ 207 21 应答代码.................................................................................................................. 208 21.1 1xx.................................................................................................. 208 21.1.1 100 Trying ............................................................................................ 208 21.1.2 180 Ringing.......................................................................................... 208 21.1.3 818 Call is Being Forwarded(呼叫被转发) .................................. 208 21.1.4 Queued.......................................................................................... 209 21.1.5 183 会话进度......................................................................................... 209 21.2 2xx.................................................................................................. 209 21.2.1 OK 209 200 ................................................................................................... 临 182 息 时 应 答 成 功 信
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