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Speech.Enhancement.Theory.and.Practice.2nd.Edition.1466504218.pdf

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CONTENTS
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the First Edition
Publisher’s Note
In Memoriam
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Discrete-Time Signal Processing and Short-Time Fourier Analysis
Chapter 3 Speech Production and Perception
Chapter 4 Noise Compensation by Human Listeners
Chapter 5 Spectral-Subtractive Algorithms
Chapter 6 Wiener Filtering
Chapter 7 Statistical-Model-Based Methods
Chapter 8 Subspace Algorithms
Chapter 9 Noise-Estimation Algorithms
Chapter 10 Evaluating Performance of Speech Enhancement Algorithms
Chapter 11 Objective Quality and Intelligibility Measures
Chapter 12 Comparison of Speech Enhancement Algorithms
Chapter 13 Algorithms That Can Improve Speech Intelligibility
Appendix A: Special Functions and Integrals
Appendix B: Derivation of the MMSE Estimator
Appendix C: MATLAB ® Code and Speech/Noise Databases
SPEECH ENHANCEMENT Theory and Practice Second Edition Philipos C. Loizou
SPEECH ENHANCEMENT Theory and Practice Second Edition
SPEECH ENHANCEMENT Theory and Practice Second Edition Philipos C. Loizou
MATLAB® is a trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. and is used with permission. The MathWorks does not warrant the accuracy of the text or exercises in this book. This book’s use or discussion of MAT- LAB® software or related products does not constitute endorsement or sponsorship by The MathWorks of a particular pedagogical approach or particular use of the MATLAB® software. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2013 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20130109 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-0422-6 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information stor- age or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copy- right.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that pro- vides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a pho- tocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com
To my parents, wife Demetria, and son Costakis
Contents Preface to the Second Edition ................................................................................xvii Preface to the First Edition .....................................................................................xix Publisher’s Note ......................................................................................................xxi In Memoriam ....................................................................................................... xxiii Chapter 1 Introduction ..........................................................................................1 1.1 Understanding the Enemy: Noise ..............................................2 1.1.1 Noise Sources ...............................................................2 1.1.2 Noise and Speech Levels in Various Environments .....3 1.2 Classes of Speech Enhancement Algorithms ............................6 1.3 Book Organization ....................................................................7 References ............................................................................................9 Part I Fundamentals Chapter 2 Discrete-Time Signal Processing and Short-Time Fourier Analysis ....13 2.3 2.1 Discrete-Time Signals ............................................................. 13 2.2 Linear Time-Invariant Discrete-Time Systems ....................... 16 2.2.1 Difference Equations .................................................. 16 2.2.2 Linear Convolution ..................................................... 17 z-Transform .............................................................................. 18 2.3.1 Properties ................................................................... 18 z-Domain Transfer Function....................................... 19 2.3.2 2.4 Discrete-Time Fourier Transform............................................20 2.4.1 DTFT Properties ........................................................23 2.4.2 Discrete Fourier Transform ........................................24 2.4.3 Windowing .................................................................26 Short-Time Fourier Transform ................................................ 31 2.5.1 Definition .................................................................... 31 2.5.2 Interpretations of the STFT ........................................ 33 2.5.3 Sampling the STFT in Time and Frequency ..............34 2.5.4 Short-Time Synthesis of Speech ................................. 35 2.5 2.5.4.1 Filterbank Summation for Short-Time Synthesis of Speech ....................................36 2.5.4.2 Overlap-and-Add Method for Short-Time Synthesis ............................ 38 vii
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