2009 年山东曲阜师范大学英语语言文学基础考研真题 Section I Linguistics and Applied Linguistics I.Match the linguists or schools of linguistics on the left column with the books and theories on the right column. (10%) 1.Ferdinand de Saussurea.The Social StratificationofEnglish inNewYorkCiy Ⅱ.Define the following terms.Explain them with examples if necessary.(20%) III. Do the following according to the requirements.(23%) 1. Identify the functions of the following sentences. 1) like your house very much. 2) I now declare the meeting closed. 3) Nice to meet you. 4) I met Mary in the library this morning. 2.Identify the manner of articulation of the initial sounds in the following words 

(e.g. stop, fricative, etc.) 3.Which of the following words would be treated as minimal pairs? ban, fat, bell,tape,heat, meal,more, pat, chain, vote,bet, far, bun, goat, heel, │ sane, tale 4.In which of the following words should the'a'be treated as a bound morpheme? a boy, ppe, abypical, AWOL 5.Createatree diagram and also makeabracketed analysis ofthe following sentence. The thief stole a walle. 6.Which of the following pairs would be described as the"unmarked"member? 1) big/small 2) expensive/inexpensive 3)fast/slow 4)few/many 5) happy/unhapp 6) long/short 7) oldyoung 8) possible/impossible 9) strong/weak 10) thickithin TV. Please comment upon each of the following texts.You may write either in Chinese or in English. (22%) 1."可以断言，没有任何东西可以永远存在于任何一个语言成分之中。这是语│言的根本规 律。其直接的原因在于，语言符号与所表示的东西没有联系。因此，如果没有 b 的帮助，a 就不能表示任何东西，反过来也是如此。换句话说，只有│通过 a 和 b 的差别才能体现它们 

的价值。如果没有这种由反面的差别构成的关系网，不管 a 和 b 的组成成分是什么，都不会 产生价值。"（索绪尔） 2.The Quackes rejected the use of you as a polite form of address,and prefrred hou, which to them signaled intimacy and equlait.By refusing to use you because they took it as a deferential form of address, the Quakers provoked hostility from others who rejected their behavior as a sign of contempt. The repercussions of such deviant usage were severe for some Quakerssuch as Richard Davis, who reported that when he addrssed the ladyof the house in which he worked as thou,"she took a stick and gave me such a blow upon my bare head, that made it swell and sore for a considerable time.She was so disturbed by it that she swore she would kill me." Section II Literature V.Give the fullnames of the authors.(9%) 1. The Returnofthe Native 2. IHeardaFy buzz-whenIdied—β 3. Sister Carrie 4. Mrs. Warrens Profession 5.Adam Bede 6. King Lear 7.The Waste Land 8. Ina Sration ofthe Metro 9.Martin Eden VI.Comment on any 2 of the following characters. (20%) 1.Captain Ahab 2.Robinson Crusoe 3.Elizabeth Bennet 4.Uncle Ton VII.Identify the authors and the works of the follwing selections.(16%) . 1Reading maketh a full man,conference a ready man,and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write litle, he had need have a great memory; if he consider little,he had need have a present wit; and if he read litle,he had need have more 

cunning, to seem to know that he doth not.Histories make men wise;[ poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy,deep,moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend. 2.He was tall, but exceedingly lank, with narrow shoulders,long arms and les hands that dangled a mile out of his sleeves,fet that might have served for shovels,and his whole frame most losely hung together. His head wassmalland flat at top, with huge ears,large green glassy eyes,and a long snipe nose,so that it looked like a weather-cock perched upon his spindle neck, to tll which way the wind blew. 3.My first quarter at Lowood seemed an age;and not the golden age either: it comprised an irksome struggle with dificulties in habituating myself to new rules and unwonted tasks.The fear ofailure in these points harassed me worse than the physical hardships of my lot; though these were no trifles. 4. She dwelt among the untrodden ways Besides the springs of Dove. A maid whom there were none to praise And very few to love; 5.The truth is,when we say of a gentleman that he lives elegantly on nothing a year, we use the word"nothing"to signify something unknown,meaning,simply, that we don't know how the gentleman in question defrays the expenses of his establishment. 6.Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth. 7. It seems she had one hemorrhage after another. They couldn't stop it.I went into the room and stayed with Catherine until she died.She was unconscious all the time, and it did not take her very long to die. But after I had got them out and shut the door and turned ofthe light it wasn't any good.I was like saying good-bye to a statue.After a whileI went out and left the hospital and walked back to the hotel in the rain. 8.Ibelieve on the first nightI went to Gatsby's house I was one of the few guests │ who had actually been invited. People were not invited—they went there. They 

got into automobiles which bore them out to Long Island,and somehow they ended up at Gatsby's door. Once they were introduced by somebody who knew Gatsby, and after that they conducted themselves according to the rules of behavior associated with an amusement park. VIII. Choose any 2 of the following questions to answer.(30%) 1. Thomas Hardy rarely questions public morality openly in Tess of the dUrbervilles.Nevertheless, the novel has been taken as a powerful critique of the social principles in Tess'time.Discuss Tess's tragedy related to the social circumstances. 2. Walt Whitman is one of the great innovators in American poetry.What are the special features of his poems? 3. What are the writing features of the"novels of stream-of-consciousness"? lustrate your viewpoints with Viginia Woolf's Ms. Dalloway. 4.Half of the chapters in The Grapes of Wah focus on the dramatic westward journey of the Joad family,while the others provides a more general picture of the migration of thousands of Dust Bowl farmers.Discuss this structure.Why might Steinbeck have chosen it? How do the two kinds ofchapters reinforce each other?