实验三：AES加密算法.docx-资料库

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实验三：AES 加密算法构造姓名实验目的班级学号通过上机操作，使学生对高级加密标准 AES 算法的执行过程、密钥编排方案和加密算法的实现过程等有一个更加清晰地认识。通过本次实验，加深学生对分组密码的认识。实验内容及要求 1 、假设有 128 比特的 AES 密钥，它的十六进制表示为： 2B7E151628AED2A6ABF7158809CF4F3C，以此为种子密钥构造完整的密钥编排方案。 2、使用上述密钥，在10轮AES下计算下列明文（以十六进制表示）的加密结果： 3243F6A8885A308D313198A2E0370734。实验结果（可续页）（包括实验代码、实验结果）一、实验代码： #include #include #include using namespace std; typedef bitset<8> byte; typedef bitset<32> word; const int Nr = 10; const int Nk = 4; // AES-128 需要 10 轮加密 // Nk 表示输入密钥的 word 个数 byte S_Box[16][16] = { {0x63, 0x7C, 0x77, 0x7B, 0xF2, 0x6B, 0x6F, 0xC5, 0x30, 0x01, 0x67, 0x2B, 0xFE, 0xD7, 0xAB, 0x76}, {0xCA, 0x82, 0xC9, 0x7D, 0xFA, 0x59, 0x47, 0xF0, 0xAD, 0xD4, 0xA2, 0xAF, 0x9C, 0xA4, 0x72, 0xC0}, {0xB7, 0xFD, 0x93, 0x26, 0x36, 0x3F, 0xF7, 0xCC, 0x34, 0xA5, 0xE5, 0xF1, 0x71, 0xD8, 0x31, 0x15}, {0x04, 0xC7, 0x23, 0xC3, 0x18, 0x96, 0x05, 0x9A, 0x07, 0x12, 0x80, 0xE2, 0xEB, 0x27, 0xB2, 0x75}, {0x09, 0x83, 0x2C, 0x1A, 0x1B, 0x6E, 0x5A, 0xA0, 0x52, 0x3B, 0xD6, 0xB3, 0x29, 0xE3, 0x2F, 0x84}, {0x53, 0xD1, 0x00, 0xED, 0x20, 0xFC, 0xB1, 0x5B, 0x6A, 0xCB, 0xBE, 0x39, 0x4A, 0x4C, 0x58, 0xCF}, {0xD0, 0xEF, 0xAA, 0xFB, 0x43, 0x4D, 0x33, 0x85, 0x45, 0xF9, 0x02, 0x7F, 0x50, 0x3C, 0x9F, 0xA8}, {0x51, 0xA3, 0x40, 0x8F, 0x92, 0x9D, 0x38, 0xF5, 0xBC, 0xB6, 0xDA, 0x21, 0x10, 0xFF, 0xF3, 0xD2},

{0xCD, 0x0C, 0x13, 0xEC, 0x5F, 0x97, 0x44, 0x17, 0xC4, 0xA7, 0x7E, 0x3D, 0x64, 0x5D, 0x19, 0x73}, {0x60, 0x81, 0x4F, 0xDC, 0x22, 0x2A, 0x90, 0x88, 0x46, 0xEE, 0xB8, 0x14, 0xDE, 0x5E, 0x0B, 0xDB}, {0xE0, 0x32, 0x3A, 0x0A, 0x49, 0x06, 0x24, 0x5C, 0xC2, 0xD3, 0xAC, 0x62, 0x91, 0x95, 0xE4, 0x79}, {0xE7, 0xC8, 0x37, 0x6D, 0x8D, 0xD5, 0x4E, 0xA9, 0x6C, 0x56, 0xF4, 0xEA, 0x65, 0x7A, 0xAE, 0x08}, {0xBA, 0x78, 0x25, 0x2E, 0x1C, 0xA6, 0xB4, 0xC6, 0xE8, 0xDD, 0x74, 0x1F, 0x4B, 0xBD, 0x8B, 0x8A}, {0x70, 0x3E, 0xB5, 0x66, 0x48, 0x03, 0xF6, 0x0E, 0x61, 0x35, 0x57, 0xB9, 0x86, 0xC1, 0x1D, 0x9E}, {0xE1, 0xF8, 0x98, 0x11, 0x69, 0xD9, 0x8E, 0x94, 0x9B, 0x1E, 0x87, 0xE9, 0xCE, 0x55, 0x28, 0xDF}, {0x8C, 0xA1, 0x89, 0x0D, 0xBF, 0xE6, 0x42, 0x68, 0x41, 0x99, 0x2D, 0x0F, 0xB0, 0x54, 0xBB, 0x16} }; byte Inv_S_Box[16][16] = { {0x52, 0x09, 0x6A, 0xD5, 0x30, 0x36, 0xA5, 0x38, 0xBF, 0x40, 0xA3, 0x9E, 0x81, 0xF3, 0xD7, 0xFB}, {0x7C, 0xE3, 0x39, 0x82, 0x9B, 0x2F, 0xFF, 0x87, 0x34, 0x8E, 0x43, 0x44, 0xC4, 0xDE, 0xE9, 0xCB}, {0x54, 0x7B, 0x94, 0x32, 0xA6, 0xC2, 0x23, 0x3D, 0xEE, 0x4C, 0x95, 0x0B, 0x42, 0xFA, 0xC3, 0x4E}, {0x08, 0x2E, 0xA1, 0x66, 0x28, 0xD9, 0x24, 0xB2, 0x76, 0x5B, 0xA2, 0x49, 0x6D, 0x8B, 0xD1, 0x25}, {0x72, 0xF8, 0xF6, 0x64, 0x86, 0x68, 0x98, 0x16, 0xD4, 0xA4, 0x5C, 0xCC, 0x5D, 0x65, 0xB6, 0x92}, {0x6C, 0x70, 0x48, 0x50, 0xFD, 0xED, 0xB9, 0xDA, 0x5E, 0x15, 0x46, 0x57, 0xA7, 0x8D, 0x9D, 0x84}, {0x90, 0xD8, 0xAB, 0x00, 0x8C, 0xBC, 0xD3, 0x0A, 0xF7, 0xE4, 0x58, 0x05, 0xB8, 0xB3, 0x45, 0x06}, {0xD0, 0x2C, 0x1E, 0x8F, 0xCA, 0x3F, 0x0F, 0x02, 0xC1, 0xAF, 0xBD, 0x03, 0x01, 0x13, 0x8A, 0x6B}, {0x3A, 0x91, 0x11, 0x41, 0x4F, 0x67, 0xDC, 0xEA, 0x97, 0xF2, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0xF0, 0xB4, 0xE6, 0x73}, {0x96, 0xAC, 0x74, 0x22, 0xE7, 0xAD, 0x35, 0x85, 0xE2, 0xF9, 0x37, 0xE8, 0x1C, 0x75, 0xDF, 0x6E}, {0x47, 0xF1, 0x1A, 0x71, 0x1D, 0x29, 0xC5, 0x89, 0x6F, 0xB7, 0x62, 0x0E, 0xAA, 0x18, 0xBE, 0x1B}, {0xFC, 0x56, 0x3E, 0x4B, 0xC6, 0xD2, 0x79, 0x20, 0x9A, 0xDB, 0xC0, 0xFE, 0x78, 0xCD, 0x5A, 0xF4}, {0x1F, 0xDD, 0xA8, 0x33, 0x88, 0x07, 0xC7, 0x31, 0xB1, 0x12, 0x10, 0x59, 0x27, 0x80, 0xEC,

0x5F}, {0x60, 0x51, 0x7F, 0xA9, 0x19, 0xB5, 0x4A, 0x0D, 0x2D, 0xE5, 0x7A, 0x9F, 0x93, 0xC9, 0x9C, 0xEF}, {0xA0, 0xE0, 0x3B, 0x4D, 0xAE, 0x2A, 0xF5, 0xB0, 0xC8, 0xEB, 0xBB, 0x3C, 0x83, 0x53, 0x99, 0x61}, {0x17, 0x2B, 0x04, 0x7E, 0xBA, 0x77, 0xD6, 0x26, 0xE1, 0x69, 0x14, 0x63, 0x55, 0x21, 0x0C, 0x7D} }; // 轮常数，密钥扩展中用到。（AES-128 只需要 10 轮） word Rcon[10] = {0x01000000, 0x02000000, 0x04000000, 0x08000000, 0x10000000, 0x20000000, 0x40000000, 0x80000000, 0x1b000000, 0x36000000}; /************下面是加密的变换函数************/ //S 盒变换 - 前 4 位为行号，后 4 位为列号 void SubBytes(byte mtx[4*4]) { for(int i=0; i<16; ++i) { int row = mtx[i][7]*8 + mtx[i][6]*4 + mtx[i][5]*2 + mtx[i][4]; int col = mtx[i][3]*8 + mtx[i][2]*4 + mtx[i][1]*2 + mtx[i][0]; mtx[i] = S_Box[row][col]; } } //行变换 - 按字节循环移位 void ShiftRows(byte mtx[4*4]) { // 第二行循环左移一位 byte temp = mtx[4]; for(int i=0; i<3; ++i) mtx[i+4] = mtx[i+5]; mtx[7] = temp; // 第三行循环左移两位 for(int i=0; i<2; ++i) { temp = mtx[i+8]; mtx[i+8] = mtx[i+10]; mtx[i+10] = temp; } // 第四行循环左移三位

temp = mtx[15]; for(int i=3; i>0; --i) mtx[i+12] = mtx[i+11]; mtx[12] = temp; } //有限域上的乘法 GF(2^8) byte GFMul(byte a, byte b) { byte p = 0; byte hi_bit_set; for (int counter = 0; counter < 8; counter++) { if ((b & byte(1)) != 0) { p ^= a; } hi_bit_set = (byte) (a & byte(0x80)); a <<= 1; if (hi_bit_set != 0) { a ^= 0x1b; /* x^8 + x^4 + x^3 + x + 1 */ } b >>= 1; } return p; } //列变换 void MixColumns(byte mtx[4*4]) { byte arr[4]; for(int i=0; i<4; ++i) { for(int j=0; j<4; ++j) arr[j] = mtx[i+j*4]; mtx[i] = GFMul(0x02, arr[0]) ^ GFMul(0x03, arr[1]) ^ arr[2] ^ arr[3]; mtx[i+4] = arr[0] ^ GFMul(0x02, arr[1]) ^ GFMul(0x03, arr[2]) ^ arr[3]; mtx[i+8] = arr[0] ^ arr[1] ^ GFMul(0x02, arr[2]) ^ GFMul(0x03, arr[3]); mtx[i+12] = GFMul(0x03, arr[0]) ^ arr[1] ^ arr[2] ^ GFMul(0x02, arr[3]); } } // 轮密钥加变换 - 将每一列与扩展密钥进行异或

void AddRoundKey(byte mtx[4*4], word k[4]) { for(int i=0; i<4; ++i) { word k1 = k[i] >> 24; word k2 = (k[i] << 8) >> 24; word k3 = (k[i] << 16) >> 24; word k4 = (k[i] << 24) >> 24; mtx[i] = mtx[i] ^ byte(k1.to_ulong()); mtx[i+4] = mtx[i+4] ^ byte(k2.to_ulong()); mtx[i+8] = mtx[i+8] ^ byte(k3.to_ulong()); mtx[i+12] = mtx[i+12] ^ byte(k4.to_ulong()); } } /************下面是密钥扩展部分************/ //将 4 个 byte 转换为一个 word. word Word(byte& k1, byte& k2, byte& k3, byte& k4) { // K1 // K2 word result(0x00000000); word temp; temp = k1.to_ulong(); temp <<= 24; result |= temp; temp = k2.to_ulong(); temp <<= 16; result |= temp; temp = k3.to_ulong(); temp <<= 8; result |= temp; temp = k4.to_ulong(); result |= temp; return result; // K3 // K4 } //按字节循环左移一位 //即把[a0, a1, a2, a3]变成[a1, a2, a3, a0] word RotWord(word rw) { word high = rw << 8; word low = rw >> 24;

return high | low; } //对输入 word 中的每一个字节进行 S-盒变换 word SubWord(word sw) { word temp; for(int i=0; i<32; i+=8) { int row = sw[i+7]*8 + sw[i+6]*4 + sw[i+5]*2 + sw[i+4]; int col = sw[i+3]*8 + sw[i+2]*4 + sw[i+1]*2 + sw[i]; byte val = S_Box[row][col]; for(int j=0; j<8; ++j) temp[i+j] = val[j]; } return temp; } //密钥扩展函数 - 对 128 位密钥进行扩展得到 w[4*(Nr+1)] void KeyExpansion(byte key[4*Nk], word w[4*(Nr+1)]) { word temp; int i = 0; // w[]的前 4 个就是输入的 key while(i < Nk) { w[i] = Word(key[4*i], key[4*i+1], key[4*i+2], key[4*i+3]); ++i; } i = Nk; while(i < 4*(Nr+1)) { temp = w[i-1]; // 记录前一个 word if(i % Nk == 0) w[i] = w[i-Nk] ^ SubWord(RotWord(temp)) ^ Rcon[i/Nk-1]; w[i] = w[i-Nk] ^ temp; else ++i; } }

/************下面是加密和解密函数************/ //加密 void encrypt(byte in[4*4], word w[4*(Nr+1)]) { word key[4]; for(int i=0; i<4; ++i) key[i] = w[i]; AddRoundKey(in, key); for(int round=1; round

word w[4*(Nr+1)]; KeyExpansion(key, w); // 输出待加密的明文 cout << endl << "待加密的明文："<

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