2023年武汉工程大学基础英语考研真题.doc

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Part III. Please translate the following passage i

Part IV. Please translate the following passage in

Part V. Writing.（50 points)

2023年武汉工程大学基础英语考研真题 Part I Grammar and Vocabulary. (1*20=20 points) In this part, you have twenty multiple choice questions. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet. 1. Even if his famous father in person tomorrow, it too late to do anything. A. will arrive...is B. should arrive...were C. arrives...will be D. arrives...would be 2. To obtain a satisfactory result, one must apply two of paint on a clean surface. A. coats C. times D. courses B. levels 3. Jean Wagner's most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it frame of reference. in a religious, as well as worldly, A.is to be analyzed C. be analyzed analyzed B. has been analyzed D. should have been 4. Clothing made of plastic made of natural fibers like cotton, wool, or silk. fibers has certain advantages over A.one D. what 5. Evidence came up as six months old. A. what whose B. the one C. that specific sounds are recognized by babies as young B. that C. which D. 6. No one would have time toread or listen to an account of everything going on in the world. A.it is C. there is D. what is B. as is 7. The treasury issued an order stating that the government had to be paid for in gold or silver. land purchased from A. henceforth however B. moreover C. whereby D. 8. I haven't imagined the man I knew only by now turns into my husband A. chance D. experience B. heart C. sight 9. In fact, as he approached his beloved daughter, he only barely resisted the to stroke her pretty soft hair. A. impulse D. incentive B. intuition C. instinct

10. Jason is a hard-working guy, and he even made a support. for upper class A. application D. suggestion B. bid C. proposal 11. The price of the organic vegetables will vary according to how far it has to be transported and how expensive the freight are. A. payment prices B. charges C. funds D. 12. As the temperature dropped abruptly, the campers were with cold. all over A. spinning staggering B. shivering C. shaking D. 13. People who live in the countryside or in the mountain, where the eyes are constantly themselves to objects at a distance, seldom have to wear glasses in early or middle life. A. adopting adjusting B. appealing C. applying D. 14. Our journey was slow because the train stopped villages. at different A. unceasingly continually B. gradually C. continuously D. 15. The operated ship's generator broke down, and the pumps had to be instead of mechanically. A. manually synthetically B. artificially C. automatically D. 16. The President has made it clear that he is not going to change his mind. The italicized part functions as a(n) in the sentence. A. subject D. complement B. object C. adverbial 17. Which of the following is a compound word(复合词)？ A. Homesick. Carelessness. B. SOHO. C. Disagree D. 18. Which of the following CANNOT be used as a nominal substitute(名词替代词) ？ A. the same. D. quarter. B. ones. C. both. 19. Which “of” in the following phrases indicates a subject-predicate relationship? A. supporters of the project B. the windows of the house C. the ringing of the phone Shakespeare D. the plays of 20. Which of the following is NOT a compound sentence? A. Fields have eyes, and woods have ears.

B. It's an old car, but it's very reliable. C. You should go home now, or your father will beat you. D. We'll stay at home if it rains. Part II Reading Comprehension. (2*20=40 points) Section A: In this section there are three texts followed by fifteen questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet. (2*15=30 points) Text One (1) We are at the very core of every communication we engage in. Even when probably i.e. communication within communication, communication, interpersonal intrapersonal are we we are not engaged in engaged ourselves. in or a to our off keep notes check post-it purchases (2) There are some fairly obvious and visible forms of intrapersonal shopping communication, such as when we list, of appointments. We also quite literally talk to ourselves; at my age, “ What am I about to do next?” or even “What the hell am I doing here?” are becoming increasingly common questions I ask myself. You'll hear some people speaking aloud to themselves. stopped talking it to particularly interesting watching him trying to eat his soup, though it was advisable not to get too close. theology philosophical I himself elderly major who never ourselves professor problems remind recall which about made an on (3) Actually, communication and medical professionals have researched the psychophysiological components of self-talk to conclude that what people say to themselves does affect their ability to combat and ward off illnesses. that part high value a has communication, (4) Self-talk, of intrapersonal health potentially far-reaching effects. Although it will most behavior place likely be used by those who have a high internal locus of control people a Self-talk is categorized as being in positive or negative. As its label implies, positive self-talk has good implications the negative is not all bad. The key to using self-talk is to strive for an appropriate balance between the two. health “ maintenance ” programs. well-being. relatively people's physical However, healthy health, mental also help and can and for is it on a (5) The use of positive self-talk has been linked to the reduction of health changes. stress. Less stress, in turn, can effect triggers behavior Self-talk, in either a positive or negative direction. Both thoughts and self-talk are based on beliefs which are formed early in life. Beliefs shape our self-talk, which in turn affects our self-esteem. positive it thoughts, neutral because other like not is be as thinking negative bad, (6) However, so choice,” may not it heightens people's sensitivity to the situation they are facing. They are likely to think more clearly. Ruth Dailey Grainger in Therapy Research Institute in Miami, Florida says, “Negati ve thinking, then, is the most productive, the most useful, and the healthiest thinking to adopt when risk is high.” the “thinking because of

(7) Instead of categorizing negative self-talk as “negative,” it might be better to call it “logical and accurate ” self-talk. Harriet B. Braiker emphasizes in Psychology Today the “ responsible ” use of self-talk. confusing happy affirmations, or positive inner self-delusions. short- comings, but also modifies them to help people define a plan of correction. She thinking, dialogue with positive Logical, accurate self-talk recognizes personal warns against (8) Knowing that thought patterns generated by self-talk affect health states, people can begin to control the power in their minds by taking an active role in deciding what to think, enhancing the positive messages they send themselves. 21. Which of the following is NOT intrapersonal communication? A. Ticking your purchases on a shopping list. B. Keeping notes to remind yourselves of appointments. C. Making plans for the future. D. Asking a theology professor about philosophical problems. 22. Research shows that self-talk does affect . A. people’shealth behavior B. people’s ability to fight against illnesses C. people’s internal locus of control D. people’s interpersonal communication 23. We should when using self-talk. A. keep positive self-talk as much as possible B. avoid negative self-talk whenever possible C. keep a balance between positive and negative self-talk D. remind ourselves of the advantages of all self-talk 24. The nature of self-talk is based on . A. basic assumptions of life B. self-esteem C. the cultivation of character D. lifestyle 25. It can be inferred from the passage that . A. negative thinking grants people greater courage to confront difficulties B. even negative thinking can be positive C. negative thinking can make people more logical D. negative thinking is preferable to positive thinking in certain circumstances 26. “Happy affirmation” in nature is different from . A. positive thinking B. positive self-talk C. self-delusions D. inaccurate self-talk 27. What is the best title of this passage? A. Less stress, more efficiency. B. Attitudes decide everything. C. Communication bridges the gap.

D. You are what you think. Text Two (1) If you are walking along a dark alley late at night and atallman wearing a balaclava jumps out at you, there may be good reasons for being afraid. Your body automatically responds by pumping adrenaline into your blood stream—your rate of breathing changes dramatically, your heart races and you have feelings of panic or terror. Your body has entered the “ fight or flight ” response, getting ready either to defend yourself or run away. In However, these circumstances, the benefits of this response are obvious. some way. An excessive or unreasonable fear is called a Phobia. harmless objects respond events people same and the to in (2) Phobias are extremely common, affecting people of all ages and from all walks of life. People the like phobia, usually manage their phobia by avoiding the feared situation or objects. For some minor inconvenience. On the other hand, a social phobia could severely interfere with the ability to work or socialize. Anyone with a phobia that causes distress or affects their quality of life should consider being treated, especially since phobias generally respond well to treatment. represent toads, might this fear of a the (3) A phobia is learned association between a particular object or event this and association in a new positive way. Many phobics have found hypnotherapy to be an extremely effective treatment for their phobia. fear. Phobia relearning overcome feeling can be by of (4) During hypnotherapy, the therapist uses easy-to-follow instructions to gently guide the client into the hypnotic state. Stage hypnosis gives the impression that this involves a loss of control, but this is not the case at all. can converse easily in this state. When relaxed in hypnosis, the therapist can help you change the associations that have been learned with the feared object or situation. throughout of their remains charge senses client The and in as fear (5) The number of sessions required to overcome a phobia can vary with clients phobias, the complexity of the issue. such their difficulty in two or four spiders, sessions. However, clients with more complex fears, like social phobias, have required longer. However, in addition to helping you overcome your fear, can also leave you feeling calm, relaxed and more in control of your life. example, overcome hypnotherapy For have animal with of 28.A phobia is a response . A. in which your body functions under your control B. whose benefits are obvious C. which is unnecessary D. acquired from birth 29. In the stage of hypnosis . A. a client enters the hypnotic state automatically B. a client can still talk

C. a client is in half sleep D. a client is conscious most of the time 30. What is NOT true of hypnotherapy? A. It reduces adrenaline in your blood stream. B. Social phobias are more difficult to treat than animal phobias. C. The more complex an issue is, the more sessions it will involve D. It helps you relearn the association between an event and the feeling of fear. Text Three (1) In my opinion, the Indian Conference bears in its consequences not only upon India but upon the whole world. India is by itself almost a continent. It contains one-fifth of the human race. It represents one of the most ancient civilizations. It has traditions handed down from tens of thousands of years, some of which, to the astonishment of the world, remain intact. No doubt the ravages of time have affected the purity of that civilization, as they have that of many other cultures and many institutions. (2) If India is to perpetuate the glory of her ancient past, it can do so only when it attains freedom. The reason for the struggle having drawn the attention of the world, I know, does not lie in the fact that we Indians are fighting for our liberty, but in the fact that the means adopted by us for attaining that liberty are unique and, as far as history shows us, have not been adopted by any other people of whom we have any record. (3) The means adopted are not violence, not bloodshed, not diplomacy as one understands it nowadays, but they are purely and simply truth and nonviolence. No wonder that the attention of the world is directed towards this attempt to lead a successful, bloodless revolution. Hitherto, nations have fought in the manner of the brute. They have wreaked vengeance upon those whom they have considered to be their enemies. (4) We find in searching national anthems adopted by great nations that they contain imprecations upon the so-called enemy. They have vowed destruction and have not hesitated to take the name of God and seek Divine assistance for the destruction of the enemy. We in India have reversed the process. We feel that the law that governs brute creation is not the law that should guide the human race. That law is inconsistent with human dignity. recesses (5) I personally would wait, if need be, for ages rather than seek to the attain the freedom of my country innermost political experience extending over an unbroken period of close upon thirty-five years, that the world is sick unto death of blood-spilling. The world is seeking a way out, and I flatter myself with the belief that perhaps it will be the privilege of the ancient land of India to show that way out to the hungering world. through after bloody a of my heart, means. I feel in (6) I have, therefore, no hesitation whatsoever in inviting all the great nations of the earth to give their hearty cooperation to India in her mighty struggle. It must be a sight worth contemplating and treasuring that millions

of people have given themselves to suffering without retaliation in order that they might vindicate the dignity and honor of the nation. 31. The last sentence of Para.1 implies that . A. India has a large population B. India has a profound culture with a long history C. India has many cultures and institutions D. the civilization of India is no longer intact 32. The reason why India’s struggle for freedom draw “the attention of the world” are the following EXCEPT . A. the way of fighting is special B. the way of fighting is unique C. the purpose of fighting is for freedom D. this kind of fighting is unprecedented 33. The means that India adopted for achieving independence is . A. fearless battle B. negotiation C. nonviolence D. vengeance 34. What is the author’s attitude towards “the law that governs brute creation”? A. He advocates the law. B. He objects to the law. C. He remains indifferent. D. His attitude is unclear. 35. The passage is taken from a(n) . A. news report B. government document C. announcement D. speech Section B: Read the following text and answer each of the five questions following the text. (2*5=10 points) Ahead-of-the-Curve Careers (1) Cutting-edge careers are often exciting, and they offer a strong job market. Alas, the cutting edge too often turns out to be the bleeding edge, so here are some careers that, while relatively new, are already viable and promise further growth. They emerge from four megatrends: (2) Growing healthcare demand. The already overtaxed U.S. healthcare system will be forced

These of now uninsured Americans who would be to take on more patients because of the many aging baby boomers, the influx of immigrants, and the millions a national healthcare plan likely to be enacted in the next president's administration. Jobs should imaging to become more available in nearly all specialties, hospice. Health doctors and informatics specialists will, for example, develop expert systems to help nurses make insurers, and patient families more parsimonious healthcare system. On the preventive side, people will move beyond personal trainers to wellness coaches, realizing that help if they’re smoking, boozing, and enduring more stress than arat in an experiment. and treatments. Hospitals, from nursing to be particularly covered under evidence-based labyrinthine rewarding. healthcare advocates diagnoses navigate another pushups patient coding, careers won‘t likely doing will ever hire the and 100 are to to our get information (3) The increasingly digitized world. Americans are doing more of their shopping on the Net. We obtain more of our entertainment digitally: Computer games are no longer just for teenage boys; billions are spent by people of all ages and both sexes. Increasingly, we from online publications. Increasingly viewed on iPhones and BlackBerrys. An under-the-radar career that is core to the digital enterprise is data miner. Online customers provide enterprises with high-quality data for is simulation individualized entertainment, developer. education, dangerous For example, virtual patients allow medical students to diagnose and treat experiences. without risking a real patient life. A new computer game, Spore, allows you to simulate creating a new planet, starting with the first microorganism. The and training to of of broadband to world helping marketing. growing digitized is of exciting, connectivity incorporate simulations ubiquity Another often what star sell the and on helping specialists, (4) Globalization, especially Asia's ascendancy. This should create great demand for business development with Chinese firms. Once those deals are made, offshoring managers are needed to oversee those collaborations as well as the growing number of offshored jobs. Quietly, companies are offshoring even work previously deemed too dependent on American culture to send elsewhere: innovation and market research, for example. Conversely, large numbers from impoverished countries are immigrating to the United States. So, immigration specialists of all types, from marketing to education to criminal justice, will be needed to attempt to accommodate the unprecedented in migration. create joint of people companies ventures U.S. $1 it Now Just cost ago, months genome. person's (5) The dawn of clinical genomics. Decades of basic research are finally starting to decode yield clinical implications. it's $300,000 and just $1,000 for a partial decoding, which, in a at increased heart itself, indicates whether a person is disease, Alzheimer ’ s, conditions. Within a decade, we will probably other understand which genes predispose humans to everything from depression to violence, early death to centenarian longevity, retardation to genius. Such discoveries will most likely give rise to ways to prevent or cure our dreaded predispositions and encourage those in which we’d delight. That, in turn,will bring about the reinvention of psychology, education, and, of course, medicine. In the meantime, the unsung heroes who will bring this true revolution to pass will include computational biologists and behavioral geneticists. of diabetes, million cancer, fully risk and 15 to 36. What are the causes of the growth in healthcare demand? 37. What are the characteristics of a digitized world? 38. What effects will globalization have on the U.S. job market? 39. What clinical implications will genomics start to yield? 40. What are the main elements that contribute to the creation of cutting-edge careers? Part III. Please translate the following passage into Chinese. (20 points) The increase in global trade means that international companies cannot afford to make costly advertising mistakes if they want to be competitive. Understanding the language and

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