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Bluetooth A2DP Specification V1.3.pdf

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    1 Introduction
    1.1 Scope
    1.2 Profile Dependency
    1.3 Symbols and Conventions
    1.3.1 Requirement Status Symbols
    1.3.2 Definition
    1.3.2.1 RFA
    1.3.2.2 RFD
    1.4 Bluetooth A2DP Profile Change History
    1.4.1 Changes from 1.2 to 1.3
    1.4.1.1 General Changes
    1.4.1.2 New Features
    2 Profile Overview
    2.1 Profile Stacks
    2.2 Configurations and Roles
    2.3 User Requirements and Scenarios
    2.4 Profile Fundamentals
    2.5 Conformance
    3 Application Layer
    3.1 Audio Streaming Set Up
    3.2 Audio Streaming
    3.2.1 Send Audio Stream
    3.2.2 Receive Audio Stream
    4 Audio Codec Interoperability Requirements
    4.1 Overview
    4.2 Support of Codecs
    4.2.1 Mandatory Codec
    4.2.2 Optional codecs
    4.2.3 Vendor Specific A2DP Codecs
    4.2.4 Codec Interoperability Requirements
    4.2.5 Audio Codec Type Field Values
    4.3 SBC
    4.3.1 Reference
    4.3.2 Codec Specific Information Elements
    4.3.2.1 Sampling Frequency
    4.3.2.2 Channel Mode
    4.3.2.3 Block Length
    4.3.2.4 Subbands
    4.3.2.5 Allocation Method
    4.3.2.6 Minimum / Maximum Bitpool Value
    4.3.3 Media Packet Header Requirements
    4.3.3.1 Timestamp (TS)
    4.3.3.2 Payload Type (PT)
    4.3.3.3 Marker (M) bit
    4.3.3.4 Extension (X) bit
    4.3.4 Media Payload Format
    4.4 MPEG-1,2 Audio
    4.4.1 Reference
    4.4.2 Codec Specific Information Elements
    4.4.2.1 Layer
    4.4.2.2 CRC Protection
    4.4.2.3 Channel Mode
    4.4.2.4 Media Payload Format (MPF)
    4.4.2.5 Sampling Frequency
    4.4.2.6 VBR
    4.4.2.7 Bit Rate Index
    4.4.2.8 RFA
    4.4.3 Media Packet Header Requirements
    4.4.4 Media Payload Format
    4.5 MPEG-2, 4 AAC
    4.5.1 Reference
    4.5.2 Codec Specific Information Elements
    4.5.2.1 Object Type
    4.5.2.2 Sampling Frequency
    4.5.2.3 Channels
    4.5.2.4 Bit rate
    4.5.2.5 VBR
    4.5.2.6 RFA
    4.5.3 Media Packet Header Requirements
    4.5.4 Media Payload Format
    4.6 ATRAC family
    4.6.1 Reference
    4.6.2 Codec Specific Information Elements
    4.6.2.1 Version
    4.6.2.2 Channel Mode
    4.6.2.3 Fs (Sampling Frequency)
    4.6.2.4 VBR
    4.6.2.5 Bit Rate Index
    4.6.2.6 Maximum SUL
    4.6.2.7 RFA
    4.6.3 Media Packet Header Requirements
    4.6.3.1 Timestamp (TS)
    4.6.3.2 Payload Type (PT)
    4.6.3.3 Marker (M) bit
    4.6.3.4 Extension (X) bit
    4.6.4 Media Payload Format
    4.7 Vendor Specific A2DP Codec
    4.7.1 Reference
    4.7.2 Codec Specific Information Elements
    4.7.2.1 Vendor ID
    4.7.2.2 Vendor Specific Codec ID
    4.7.2.3 Vendor Specific Value
    4.7.3 Media Packet Header Requirements
    4.7.4 Media Payload Format
    5 GAVDP Interoperability Requirements
    5.1 AVDTP Interoperability Requirements
    5.1.1 Signaling procedures
    5.1.1.1 Streaming Roles
    5.1.1.2 Delay Reporting Roles
    5.1.2 Transport Services
    5.1.3 Error Codes
    5.2 L2CAP Interoperability Requirements
    5.2.1 Maximum Transmission Unit
    5.3 SDP Interoperability Requirements
    5.4 Link Manager Interoperability Requirements
    5.5 Link Controller Interoperability Requirements
    5.5.1 Class of Device
    6 Generic Access Profile Interoperability Requirements
    6.1 Modes
    6.2 Security Aspects
    6.3 Idle Mode Procedures
    7 Testing
    8 References
    9 List of Figures
    10 List of Tables
    11 Appendix A (Informative): Audio Streaming with Content Protection
    12 Appendix B: Technical Specification of SBC
    12.1 Introduction
    12.2 Glossary
    12.3 Symbols and Abbreviations
    12.3.1 Arithmetic Operators
    12.3.2 Logical Operators
    12.3.3 Relation Operators
    12.3.4 Bitwise Operators
    12.3.5 Assignment
    12.3.6 Mnemonics
    12.3.7 Constants
    12.3.8 Ranges
    12.3.9 Number Notation
    12.4 Syntax
    12.5 Semantics
    12.5.1 Frame_header
    12.5.2 scale_factors
    12.5.3 audio_samples
    12.5.4 padding
    12.6 Decoding Processes
    12.6.1 Frame Header
    12.6.1.1 CRC Check
    Figure 12.2: CRC-check diagram. The addition blocks represent “exclusive or” gates.
    12.6.2 Scale Factors
    12.6.3 Bit Allocation
    12.6.3.1 Mono and Dual_Channel Bit Allocation
    12.6.3.2 Stereo and Joint_Stereo Bit Allocation
    12.6.4 Reconstruction of the Subband Samples
    12.6.5 Joint Processing
    12.6.6 Synthesis Filter
    12.7 Encoding Processes
    12.7.1 Analysis Filter
    12.7.2 Scale Factors
    12.7.3 Joint_Stereo Channel Mode Operation
    12.7.4 Bit Allocation
    12.7.5 Quantization
    12.8 Tables
    12.9 Calculation of Bit Rate and Frame Length
    13 Appendix C (Informative): Signaling Flows
    13.1 Audio Streaming Set Up
    13.2 Audio Streaming
    14 Appendix D: Requirements for Codecs Implementation
    14.1 Decoder Implementation
    14.1.1 SBC Decoder
    14.1.2 Optional Codec Decoder
    14.1.3 Vendor Specific A2DP Codec Decoder
    14.2 Encoder Implementation
    14.2.1 SBC Encoder
    14.2.2 Optional Codec Encoder
    14.2.3 Vendor Specific A2DP Codec Encoder
    15 Appendix E: Acronyms and Abbreviations
    BLUETOOTH DOC Date / Year-Month-Day Approved 2012-07-24 Adopted Revision V13 Document No A2DP_SPEC Prepared e-mail address Audio Video WG avv-main@bluetooth.org N.B. ADVANCED AUDIO DISTRIBUTION PROFILE SPECIFICATION Abstract This profile defines the requirements for Bluetooth® devices necessary for support of the high quality audio distribution. The requirements are expressed in terms of end-user services, and by defining the features and procedures that are required for interoperability between Bluetooth devices in the Audio Distribution usage model.
    BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) Revision History Page 2 of 77 Revision Date Comments 0.9 September 2001 Release to Associates and Early Adopters Voting Draft 0.95 October 2001 Release to Associates and Early Adopters 0.95b March 2002 Adopted 0.95 Voting Draft 1.00 May 2002 Release for Voting Draft Voting Draft 1.00 a June 2002 Release for Voting Draft Voting Draft 1.00 b February 2003 Release for Voting Draft Version 1.0 May 2003 Adopted version Version 1.1 RC1 August 2003 Updated to support and use Bluetooth Core 1.2 Version 1.1 RC2 August 2003 Chapter 5.2.2 moved to GAVDP, references updated Version 1.1 RC3 September 2003 Errata 447 added D12r00 D12r01 D12r02 D12r03 D12r03 V12 D13d00 D13d01 D13d02 15 Aug 2005 Updated for core release v1.2 or later 12 Sept 2005 Editorial updates 14 Oct 2005 Editorial updates 10 Nov 2005 Editorial updates 30 Nov 2005 Spell check, editorial updates 16 April 2007 Adopted version December 2009 Release for Synchronization Voting Draft 15 June 2010 Update after Review 8 July 2011 Make delay reporting optional for optional codecs – later removed
    BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) Revision Date Comments Page 3 of 77 D13d03-D13r11 11 January 2012- 21 May 2012 Add updates for Core Spec 2.1+ EDR or later ESR04: Erratum 938—Move test requirements from ICS to Appendix in A2DP Erratum 879— Only the devices supporting SRC role should be required to support inquiry, extension of errata 872 ESR05: Erratum 3043 – SNK Bitpool capabilities do not reflect actual capabilities of individual SNKs Erratum 2903 - Missing information on MP3 Bit Rate Index meaning when VBR is activated Erratum 3631 - 32-bit Vendor ID referenced by the spec does not exist in the Bluetooth Assigned Numbers pages Section 4.7.2.1, corrected spelling of octet Removed underlines from IEEE terms. D13d02 changes to make delay reporting optional for optional codecs have been subsequently removed/reverted Added specification change history as Section 1.4 Incorporated review comments; Changed font in code boxes in §12.5; Made some edits to Spec History Section Merged ESR01-05 text. Miscellaneous editorial updates, particularly around references Added SIG formatting. Corrected some hyperlink colouring. Entered errata tags for 879, 938, 2903, 3043, and 3631 V13 2012-07-24 Adopted by the Bluetooth SIG Board of Directors Contributors Name Rüdiger Mosig Alicia Courtney Ash Kapur Jiny Bradshaw Allan Madsen David Trainor Akira Miyajima Morgan Lindqvist Fisseha Mekuria Wim Koster Rene Kuiken Yuan Quinton Tsuyoshi Okada Company Berner and Mattner Broadcom Broadcom CSR CSR CSR Denso Ericsson Ericsson Ericsson Ericsson Marvell Matsushita Electric Industrial
    BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) Page 4 of 77 Company Mecel Nokia Nokia Nokia Nokia Parrot Philips Philips Philips Philips Philips Philips Plantronics Qualcomm Qualcomm Sony Sony Sony Sony Sony Sony Sony Sony Sony Sony Sony Symbian Toshiba Toshiba Toshiba Toshiba Toshiba Toshiba Name Thomas Karlsson Kalervo Kontola Vesa Lunden Janne Hamalainen Jurgen Schnitzler Thierry Wœlfflé Shaun Barrett Christian Bouffioux Frans de Bont Rob J. Davies Emmanuel Mellery Marc Vauclair Scott Walsh Brian Gix John Larkin Atsushi Ichise Harumi Kawamura Hiroyasu Noguchi Kenzo Akagiri Masahiko Seki Masayuki Nishiguchi Masakazu Hattori Rüdiger Mosig Tomoko Tanaka Wilhelm Hagg Yoshiyuki Nezu Siân James Junko Ami Takeshi Saito Yoshiaki Takabatake Yoichi Takebayashi Ichiro Tomoda Junichi Yoshizawa
    BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) Disclaimer and Copyright Notice Page 5 of 77 The copyright in this specification is owned by the Promoter Members of Bluetooth® Special Interest Group (SIG), Inc. (“Bluetooth SIG”). Use of these specifications and any related intellectual property (collectively, the “Specification”), is governed by the Promoters Membership Agreement among the Promoter Members and Bluetooth SIG (the “Promoters Agreement”), certain membership agreements between Bluetooth SIG and its Adopter and Associate Members (the “Membership Agreements”) and the Bluetooth Specification Early Adopters Agreements (1.2 Early Adopters Agreements) among Early Adopter members of the unincorporated Bluetooth SIG and the Promoter Members (the “Early Adopters Agreement”). Certain rights and obligations of the Promoter Members under the Early Adopters Agreements have been assigned to Bluetooth SIG by the Promoter Members. Use of the Specification by anyone who is not a member of Bluetooth SIG or a party to an Early Adopters Agreement (each such person or party, a “Member”), is prohibited. The legal rights and obligations of each Member are governed by their applicable Membership Agreement, Early Adopters Agreement or Promoters Agreement. No license, express or implied, by estoppel or otherwise, to any intellectual property rights are granted herein. Any use of the Specification not in compliance with the terms of the applicable Membership Agreement, Early Adopters Agreement or Promoters Agreement is prohibited and any such prohibited use may result in termination of the applicable Membership Agreement or Early Adopters Agreement and other liability permitted by the applicable agreement or by applicable law to Bluetooth SIG or any of its members for patent, copyright and/or trademark infringement. THE SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE, SATISFACTORY QUALITY, OR REASONABLE SKILL OR CARE, OR ANY WARRANTY ARISING OUT OF ANY COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE, TRADE PRACTICE, PROPOSAL, SPECIFICATION OR SAMPLE. Each Member hereby acknowledges that products equipped with the Bluetooth technology ("Bluetooth products") may be subject to various regulatory controls under the laws and regulations of various governments worldwide. Such laws and regulatory controls may govern, among other things, the combination, operation, use, implementation and distribution of Bluetooth products. Examples of such laws and regulatory controls include, but are not limited to, airline regulatory controls, telecommunications regulations, technology transfer controls and health and safety regulations. Each Member is solely responsible for the compliance by their Bluetooth Products with any such laws and regulations and for obtaining any and all required authorizations, permits, or licenses for their Bluetooth products related to such regulations within the applicable jurisdictions. Each Member acknowledges that nothing in the Specification provides any information or assistance in connection with securing such compliance, authorizations or licenses. NOTHING IN THE SPECIFICATION CREATES ANY WARRANTIES, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING SUCH LAWS OR REGULATIONS. ALL LIABILITY, INCLUDING LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS OR FOR NONCOMPLIANCE WITH LAWS, RELATING TO USE OF THE SPECIFICATION IS EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMED. BY USE OF THE SPECIFICATION, EACH MEMBER EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY CLAIM AGAINST BLUETOOTH SIG AND ITS PROMOTER MEMBERS RELATED TO USE OF THE SPECIFICATION. Bluetooth SIG reserve the right to adopt any changes or alterations to the Specification as it deems necessary or appropriate. Copyright © 2012. Bluetooth® SIG, Inc. All copyrights in the Bluetooth Specifications themselves are owned by Ericsson AB, Lenovo (Singapore) Pte. Ltd., Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Motorola Mobility, Inc., Nokia Corporation and Toshiba Corporation. *Other third-party brands and names are the property of their respective owners.
    BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) Document Terminology Page 6 of 77 The Bluetooth SIG has adopted Section 13.1 of the IEEE Standards Style Manual, which dictates use of the words ``shall’’, ``should’’, ``may’’, and ``can’’ in the development of documentation, as follows:  The word shall is used to indicate mandatory requirements strictly to be followed in order to conform to the standard and from which no deviation is permitted (shall equals is required to).  The use of the word must is deprecated and shall not be used when stating mandatory requirements; must is used only to describe unavoidable situations.  The use of the word will is deprecated and shall not be used when stating mandatory requirements; will is only used in statements of fact.  The word should is used to indicate that among several possibilities one is recommended as particularly suitable, without mentioning or excluding others; or that a certain course of action is preferred but not necessarily required; or that (in the negative form) a certain course of action is deprecated but not prohibited (should equals is recommended that).  The word may is used to indicate a course of action permissible within the limits of the standard (may equals is permitted).  The word can is used for statements of possibility and capability, whether material, physical, or causal (can equals is able to).
    BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) Contents Page 7 of 77 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 10 Scope ....................................................................................................................................... 10 Profile Dependency ................................................................................................................. 10 Symbols and Conventions ....................................................................................................... 11 1.3.1 Requirement Status Symbols ........................................................................................... 11 1.3.2 Definition ........................................................................................................................... 12 Bluetooth A2DP Profile Change History .................................................................................. 12 1.4.1 Changes from 1.2 to 1.3 ................................................................................................... 12 Profile Overview ........................................................................................................................... 13 Profile Stacks ........................................................................................................................... 13 Configurations and Roles ........................................................................................................ 13 User Requirements and Scenarios ......................................................................................... 14 Profile Fundamentals ............................................................................................................... 14 Conformance ........................................................................................................................... 15 Application Layer ......................................................................................................................... 16 Audio Streaming Set Up .......................................................................................................... 16 Audio Streaming ...................................................................................................................... 17 3.2.1 Send Audio Stream ........................................................................................................... 17 3.2.2 Receive Audio Stream ...................................................................................................... 17 Audio Codec Interoperability Requirements ............................................................................. 19 Overview .................................................................................................................................. 19 Support of Codecs ................................................................................................................... 19 4.2.1 Mandatory Codec .............................................................................................................. 19 4.2.2 Optional codecs ................................................................................................................ 20 4.2.3 Vendor Specific A2DP Codecs ......................................................................................... 20 4.2.4 Codec Interoperability Requirements................................................................................ 20 4.2.5 Audio Codec Type Field Values ........................................................................................ 21 SBC ......................................................................................................................................... 21 4.3.1 Reference .......................................................................................................................... 21 4.3.2 Codec Specific Information Elements ............................................................................... 21 4.3.3 Media Packet Header Requirements ................................................................................ 24 4.3.4 Media Payload Format ...................................................................................................... 24 MPEG-1,2 Audio ...................................................................................................................... 25 4.4.1 Reference .......................................................................................................................... 25 4.4.2 Codec Specific Information Elements ............................................................................... 25 4.4.3 Media Packet Header Requirements ................................................................................ 28 4.4.4 Media Payload Format ...................................................................................................... 28 MPEG-2, 4 AAC ...................................................................................................................... 28 4.5.1 Reference .......................................................................................................................... 28 4.5.2 Codec Specific Information Elements ............................................................................... 29 4.5.3 Media Packet Header Requirements ................................................................................ 31 4.5.4 Media Payload Format ...................................................................................................... 31 ATRAC family .......................................................................................................................... 31 4.6.1 Reference .......................................................................................................................... 31 4.6.2 Codec Specific Information Elements ............................................................................... 31 4.6.3 Media Packet Header Requirements ................................................................................ 34 4.6.4 Media Payload Format ...................................................................................................... 34 Vendor Specific A2DP Codec.................................................................................................. 34 4.7.1 Reference .......................................................................................................................... 34 4.7.2 Codec Specific Information Elements ............................................................................... 34 4.7.3 Media Packet Header Requirements ................................................................................ 35 4.7.4 Media Payload Format ...................................................................................................... 35 GAVDP Interoperability Requirements ...................................................................................... 36 AVDTP Interoperability Requirements .................................................................................... 36 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3.1 3.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.1 1 2 3 4 5
    BLUETOOTH SPECIFICATION Advanced Audio Distribution Profile (A2DP) Page 8 of 77 5.2 6.1 6.2 6.3 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.1.1 Signaling procedures ........................................................................................................ 36 5.1.2 Transport Services ............................................................................................................ 37 5.1.3 Error Codes ....................................................................................................................... 37 L2CAP Interoperability Requirements ..................................................................................... 40 5.2.1 Maximum Transmission Unit ............................................................................................. 40 SDP Interoperability Requirements ......................................................................................... 40 Link Manager Interoperability Requirements ........................................................................... 42 Link Controller Interoperability Requirements ......................................................................... 42 5.5.1 Class of Device ................................................................................................................. 42 Generic Access Profile Interoperability Requirements ............................................................ 44 Modes ...................................................................................................................................... 44 Security Aspects ...................................................................................................................... 44 Idle Mode Procedures ............................................................................................................. 44 Testing........................................................................................................................................... 45 References .................................................................................................................................... 46 List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. 47 List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ 48 Appendix A (Informative): Audio Streaming with Content Protection ................................... 50 Appendix B: Technical Specification of SBC ............................................................................ 51 12.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 51 12.2 Glossary ................................................................................................................................... 51 Symbols and Abbreviations ..................................................................................................... 51 12.3 12.3.1 Arithmetic Operators ......................................................................................................... 51 12.3.2 Logical Operators .............................................................................................................. 52 12.3.3 Relation Operators ............................................................................................................ 52 12.3.4 Bitwise Operators .............................................................................................................. 52 12.3.5 Assignment ....................................................................................................................... 52 12.3.6 Mnemonics ........................................................................................................................ 52 12.3.7 Constants .......................................................................................................................... 53 12.3.8 Ranges .............................................................................................................................. 53 12.3.9 Number Notation ............................................................................................................... 53 Syntax ...................................................................................................................................... 54 Semantics ................................................................................................................................ 56 12.5.1 Frame_header ................................................................................................................... 56 12.5.2 scale_factors ..................................................................................................................... 57 12.5.3 audio_samples .................................................................................................................. 57 12.5.4 padding ............................................................................................................................. 57 12.6 Decoding Processes ................................................................................................................ 58 12.6.1 Frame Header ................................................................................................................... 58 12.6.2 Scale Factors .................................................................................................................... 59 12.6.3 Bit Allocation ..................................................................................................................... 59 12.6.4 Reconstruction of the Subband Samples.......................................................................... 65 12.6.5 Joint Processing ................................................................................................................ 65 12.6.6 Synthesis Filter .................................................................................................................. 66 Encoding Processes ................................................................................................................ 67 12.7.1 Analysis Filter .................................................................................................................... 68 12.7.2 Scale Factors .................................................................................................................... 69 12.7.3 Joint_Stereo Channel Mode Operation............................................................................. 69 12.7.4 Bit Allocation ..................................................................................................................... 70 12.7.5 Quantization ...................................................................................................................... 70 12.8 Tables ...................................................................................................................................... 70 12.9 Calculation of Bit Rate and Frame Length .............................................................................. 71 Appendix C (Informative): Signaling Flows............................................................................... 73 Audio Streaming Set Up .......................................................................................................... 73 Audio Streaming ...................................................................................................................... 74 Appendix D: Requirements for Codecs Implementation ......................................................... 76 13.1 13.2 12.4 12.5 12.7 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
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