2006 年 9 月翻译资格中级英语口译实务真题及答案 英译中 The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds: material and nonmaterial. Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height, breadth, and weight. A boat, a machine, a house—all these objects are part of the material culture. The nonmaterial culture is that portion of the environment which surrounds man and which has an impact on his behavior but which lacks these material properties: values, beliefs, traditions, and all the other habits and ideas invented and acquired by man as a member of society. Contemporary sociological theory tends to assign primary importance to the nonmaterial culture in choosing problems for study. It assumes, for example, that boats, planes, automobiles, and so forth, are not nearly so important as the traditions we have developed which make their manufacture possible—indeed, which prescribe how we are to use them. The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of material culture. 中译英 进入耶鲁大学的校园，看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞，呼吸着书香浓郁的空气，我不由回想 起 40 年前我在北京清华大学时的美好时光，老师们对我的教诲，同学们给我的启发，我至 今仍受用不尽。 耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史、独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。如果时光能够倒 流几十年，我真希望成为你们中的一员。耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理，这符合人类进 步的法则，也符合每个有志青年的心愿。 英译中 【参考译文】 任何社会的文化一般都被分为两类： 物质文化和非物质文化。 物质文化包括具有高度、宽 度和重量等物理属性的人为现象。 /船、机器和房屋――所有这些东西都被归为物质文化的 一部分。 非物质文化则是人类所处环境的一部分，它影响着人类的行为却缺乏上述的那些 物质属性，非物质文化是人作为社会一员所创立和获得的价值观、信仰、传统观念及一切其 他习惯和思想。 当代社会学理论在选择说要研究的问题时，往往侧重于非物质文化。比如，社会学理论认为 船、飞机、汽车等物品的重要性远不如人们为制造这些东西——确切地说是为规定其使用方 

法而形成的传统观念的重要性。 当代社会学所强调的是，不若是先有了能孕育物质文化的 非物质文化，物质文化就无从产生。 中译英 【参考译文】 Coming to the Yale campus with its distinctive academic flavor, and looking at the eager young faces in the audience, I cannot but recall my great experience studying at Qinghua University in Beijing 40 years ago. I still benefit greatly from the instruction and my interaction with other students. Yale is renowned for its long history, unique way of teaching and excellence in academic pursuit. If time could go back several decades, I would really like to be a student of Yale just like you. Yale's motto “Light and Truth,” which is a calling for human progress, represents the aspiration of every motivated young man and woman.