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Linux命令大全完整版.pdf
Linux 命令大全完整版
目
录
录 ........................................................................................................................................... I
目
1. linux 系统管理命令 ..................................................................................................................... 1
adduser ...................................................................................................................................... 1
chfn(change finger information) ............................................................................................... 1
chsh(change shell) ..................................................................................................................... 1
date ............................................................................................................................................ 2
exit............................................................................................................................................. 3
finger ......................................................................................................................................... 4
free ............................................................................................................................................ 5
fwhois ........................................................................................................................................ 5
gitps(gnu interactive tools process status) ................................................................................. 5
groupdel(group delete) .............................................................................................................. 6
groupmod(group modify) .......................................................................................................... 6
halt............................................................................................................................................. 7
id ............................................................................................................................................... 7
kill ............................................................................................................................................. 8
last ............................................................................................................................................. 8
lastb ........................................................................................................................................... 8
login .......................................................................................................................................... 9
logname ..................................................................................................................................... 9
logout ........................................................................................................................................ 9
logrotate .................................................................................................................................... 9
newgrp ..................................................................................................................................... 10
nice .......................................................................................................................................... 10
procinfo(process information) ................................................................................................. 11
ps(process status) .................................................................................................................... 11
pstree(process status tree) ....................................................................................................... 14
reboot ...................................................................................................................................... 15
renice ....................................................................................................................................... 15
rlogin(remote login) ................................................................................................................ 16
rsh(remote shell) ..................................................................................................................... 16
rwho ........................................................................................................................................ 16
screen ...................................................................................................................................... 17
shutdown ................................................................................................................................. 17
sliplogin ................................................................................................................................... 18
su(super user) .......................................................................................................................... 18
sudo ......................................................................................................................................... 19
suspend .................................................................................................................................... 19
swatch(simple watcher) ........................................................................................................... 20
tload......................................................................................................................................... 20
top ........................................................................................................................................... 21
uname ...................................................................................................................................... 21
useradd .................................................................................................................................... 22
userconf ................................................................................................................................... 22
userdel ..................................................................................................................................... 23
usermod ................................................................................................................................... 23
vlock(virtual console lock) ...................................................................................................... 24
w .............................................................................................................................................. 24
who .......................................................................................................................................... 25
whoami .................................................................................................................................... 25
whois ....................................................................................................................................... 25
2. linux 系统设置命令 ................................................................................................................... 27
alias ......................................................................................................................................... 27
apmd(advanced power management BIOS daemon) .............................................................. 27
aumix(audio mixer) ................................................................................................................. 27
bind ......................................................................................................................................... 29
chkconfig(check config) ......................................................................................................... 29
chroot(change root) ................................................................................................................. 30
II
clock ........................................................................................................................................ 30
crontab ..................................................................................................................................... 31
declare ..................................................................................................................................... 31
depmod(depend module) ......................................................................................................... 32
dircolors .................................................................................................................................. 32
dmesg ...................................................................................................................................... 33
enable ...................................................................................................................................... 33
eval .......................................................................................................................................... 33
export ...................................................................................................................................... 33
fbset(frame buffer setup) ......................................................................................................... 34
grpconv(group convert to shadow password) ......................................................................... 35
grpunconv(group unconvert from shadow password) ............................................................. 35
hwclock(hardware clock) ........................................................................................................ 35
insmod(install module) ........................................................................................................... 36
kbdconfig ................................................................................................................................ 36
lilo(linux loader) ..................................................................................................................... 37
liloconfig ................................................................................................................................. 38
lsmod(list modules) ................................................................................................................. 38
minfo ....................................................................................................................................... 38
mkkickstart .............................................................................................................................. 39
modinfo(module infomation)
.................................................................................................. 39
modprobe(module probe) ........................................................................................................ 39
mouseconfig ............................................................................................................................ 40
ntsysv ...................................................................................................................................... 41
passwd(password) ................................................................................................................... 41
pwconv .................................................................................................................................... 41
pwunconv ................................................................................................................................ 42
rdate(receive date) ................................................................................................................... 42
resize ....................................................................................................................................... 42
rmmod(remove module) ......................................................................................................... 42
III
rpm(redhat package manager) ................................................................................................. 43
set ............................................................................................................................................ 46
setconsole ................................................................................................................................ 47
setenv(set environment variable) ............................................................................................ 48
setup ........................................................................................................................................ 48
sndconfig ................................................................................................................................. 48
SVGAText Mode ..................................................................................................................... 49
timeconfig ............................................................................................................................... 49
ulimit ....................................................................................................................................... 50
unalias ..................................................................................................................................... 50
unset ........................................................................................................................................ 51
3. linux 文档编辑命令 ................................................................................................................... 52
col ............................................................................................................................................ 52
colrm(column remove) ............................................................................................................ 52
comm(common) ...................................................................................................................... 52
csplit(context split) .................................................................................................................. 53
ed(editor) ................................................................................................................................. 53
egrep ........................................................................................................................................ 54
ex ............................................................................................................................................. 54
fgrep(fixed regexp) ................................................................................................................. 54
fmt(fromat) .............................................................................................................................. 54
fold .......................................................................................................................................... 55
grep ......................................................................................................................................... 55
ispell(interactive spelling checking)........................................................................................ 57
jed ............................................................................................................................................ 58
joe ............................................................................................................................................ 58
join .......................................................................................................................................... 60
look ......................................................................................................................................... 61
mtype....................................................................................................................................... 61
pico .......................................................................................................................................... 62
IV
rgrep(recursive grep) ............................................................................................................... 62
sed(stream editor) .................................................................................................................... 63
sort........................................................................................................................................... 64
spell ......................................................................................................................................... 65
tr(translate character) .............................................................................................................. 65
uniq ......................................................................................................................................... 65
wc(word count) ....................................................................................................................... 66
4. linux 压缩备份命令 ................................................................................................................... 67
ar ............................................................................................................................................. 67
bunzip2 .................................................................................................................................... 68
bzip2 ........................................................................................................................................ 68
bzip2recover ............................................................................................................................ 69
compress ................................................................................................................................. 69
cpio(copy in/out) ..................................................................................................................... 70
dump ....................................................................................................................................... 72
gunzip(gnu unzip) ................................................................................................................... 73
gzexe(gzip executable) ............................................................................................................ 74
gzip(gnu zip) ........................................................................................................................... 74
lha ............................................................................................................................................ 75
restore ...................................................................................................................................... 76
tar(tape archive) ...................................................................................................................... 77
unarj ........................................................................................................................................ 80
unzip ........................................................................................................................................ 81
zip ............................................................................................................................................ 82
zipinfo ..................................................................................................................................... 83
5.linux 文件管理命令 .................................................................................................................... 85
diff(differential) ....................................................................................................................... 85
diffstat(differential status) ....................................................................................................... 86
file ........................................................................................................................................... 87
find .......................................................................................................................................... 87
V
git(gnu interactive tools) ......................................................................................................... 90
gitview(gnu interactie tools viewer)
........................................................................................ 91
ln(link) ..................................................................................................................................... 91
locate ....................................................................................................................................... 92
lsattr(list attribute) ................................................................................................................... 92
mattrib ..................................................................................................................................... 93
mc(midnight commander) ....................................................................................................... 93
mcopy ...................................................................................................................................... 94
mdel......................................................................................................................................... 94
mktemp ................................................................................................................................... 95
mmove ..................................................................................................................................... 95
mread....................................................................................................................................... 95
mren ........................................................................................................................................ 96
mshowfat ................................................................................................................................. 96
mtools ...................................................................................................................................... 96
mtoolstest ................................................................................................................................ 96
mv ........................................................................................................................................... 97
od(octal dump) ........................................................................................................................ 97
paste ........................................................................................................................................ 98
patch ........................................................................................................................................ 99
rcp(remote copy) ................................................................................................................... 101
rhmask ................................................................................................................................... 101
rm(remove) ........................................................................................................................... 101
slocate(secure locate) ............................................................................................................ 102
split ........................................................................................................................................ 102
tee .......................................................................................................................................... 103
tmpwatch(temporary watch) ................................................................................................. 103
touch ...................................................................................................................................... 103
umask .................................................................................................................................... 104
whereis .................................................................................................................................. 104
VI
which ..................................................................................................................................... 105
cat .......................................................................................................................................... 105
chattr(change attribute) ......................................................................................................... 106
chgrp(change group) ............................................................................................................. 106
chmod(change mode) ............................................................................................................ 107
chown(change owner) ........................................................................................................... 108
cksum(check sum)................................................................................................................. 109
cmp(compare) ....................................................................................................................... 109
cp(copy) ................................................................................................................................ 110
cut .......................................................................................................................................... 111
indent..................................................................................................................................... 111
6.linux 文件传输命令 .................................................................................................................. 115
bye ......................................................................................................................................... 115
ftp(file transfer protocol) ....................................................................................................... 115
ftpcount ................................................................................................................................. 115
ftpshut(ftp shutdown) ............................................................................................................ 115
ftpwho ................................................................................................................................... 116
ncftp(nc file transfer protocol) .............................................................................................. 116
tftp(trivial file transfer protocol) ...........................................................................................
116
uucico .................................................................................................................................... 116
uucp ....................................................................................................................................... 117
uupick .................................................................................................................................... 118
uuto ....................................................................................................................................... 119
7. linux 磁盘管理命令 ................................................................................................................. 120
cd(change directory) ............................................................................................................. 120
df(disk free) ........................................................................................................................... 120
dirs......................................................................................................................................... 121
du(disk usage) ....................................................................................................................... 121
edquota(edit quota) ............................................................................................................... 122
eject ....................................................................................................................................... 122
VII
lndir(link directory)
............................................................................................................... 123
ls(list) .................................................................................................................................... 123
mcd ........................................................................................................................................ 125
mdeltree ................................................................................................................................. 125
mdu ....................................................................................................................................... 126
mkdir(make directories) ........................................................................................................ 126
mlabel .................................................................................................................................... 126
mmd ...................................................................................................................................... 127
mmount ................................................................................................................................. 127
mrd ........................................................................................................................................ 127
mzip....................................................................................................................................... 127
pwd(print working directory)
................................................................................................ 128
quota ...................................................................................................................................... 128
quotacheck ............................................................................................................................ 128
quotaoff ................................................................................................................................. 129
quotaon .................................................................................................................................. 129
repquota(report quota) ........................................................................................................... 130
rmdir(remove directory) ........................................................................................................ 130
rmt(remote magnetic tape) .................................................................................................... 130
stat(status) ............................................................................................................................. 131
Tree ....................................................................................................................................... 131
umount .................................................................................................................................. 132
8. linux 磁盘维护命令 ................................................................................................................. 133
badblocks .............................................................................................................................. 133
cfdisk ..................................................................................................................................... 133
dd .......................................................................................................................................... 134
e2fsck(ext2 file system check) .............................................................................................. 134
ext2ed(ext2 file system editor) .............................................................................................. 136
fdisk....................................................................................................................................... 137
fsck.ext2(file system check-second filesystem) .................................................................... 137
VIII
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