2015 年湖北武汉纺织大学翻译与写作及美学原理考研真题 翻译与写作 一、英译汉（30 分） When the sun begins to rise, the best vantage point is a bridge. The river has been left to itself; it looks clean and fresh. At this time of the day, it really is a river, not just an obstacle to get across. It flows quietly past the boats and barges still tied to their moorings. In the distance, the first rays of sunlight strike against the tallest spires, domes, and monuments. Buildings begin to look less somber, as if they were stirring out of sleep. By the time you have crossed to the other side of the bridge, the city has already changed. The first buses rumble down the street; lorries laden with fruit and vegetables clatter past, on their way to market. A few people emerge from railway-stations; there is a clink of plates and cups from a nearby cafe and one or two people stop to drink tea or coffee. You may still pass a policeman or a road sweeper, but he probably will not greet you now. The city is coming to life, its streets filling slowly with people and traffic, all preparing for yet another day. 二、汉译英（40 分） 伤 害 心灵的伤害比肉体的伤害更深更掺！肉体的伤害经过滋养愈合能够复原，而心灵的伤害足以 摧毁一个人的一生。 青春在人一生中是黄金时节，爱情是青春的花朵，人们把这朵花看得尤为重要。所以，爱情 的伤害比起其他的更深重一些。 有的人尽管不爱一个人，然而，不知是出于什么目的，同样接受人家的感情，而且还卑鄙地 掩盖自己说：“我是怕伤害对方。”岂不知这样做本身就属于一种伤害。 在感情上，不要只跟着感觉走，“自我感觉”这东西并不实在，夜晚里闪者银 光的路上，往往是一片泥水。 如果你不爱，请千万别回转身，不要管身后的人怎样泪流满面，那只是一时感受，要知道爱 是相互的。当岁月流逝，身后的人找到了属于自己的幸福，他和她互相爱慕，你应该感到欣 慰。扬起头，潇洒地向前走，不要那么心事重重，这不是你的错。你的路上会鲜花常开，你 完全有权利采到自己最喜欢最满意的一朵。当你走到路的尽头，回手往事的时候，有一个人 永远感激并深深祝福着你，因为你给予的，不是伤害而是尊重。 

三、写作（80 分） 1、写摘要（100 词以内）（30 分） Xiao Liu is a sanitation worker in a restaurant, a much honored one. She has been awarded for her "excellent work and satisfactory service" by the National Tourism Administration four times since she took the job six years ago. Her job seems simple. Every morning, she is required to clean two washrooms, two bathrooms,two locker rooms, the balcony and the corridor. But it is hard and demanding work, especially for a girl who suffers from heart disease. "I usually have to come at 8:30——half an hour before the working time begins, and start to bustle in and out without a break," says Liu. At 11——the opening time of the restaurant, everything is washed up. So is she. Then she stands in front of the washrooms to greet every guest with a smile, help them and do the cleaning whenever it is necessary. “It is unusual work for such a young woman,” says the manager of the restaurant. "It is not only the hard work but also the psychological pressure that she has to stand." "I felt very ashamed and humble when I stood in front of the washroom on my first working day," recalls Liu. Then only 17 years old she blushed whenever a guest came. Her colleagues poke fun at her and her friends called her a fool. "Because of my work, they think I am inferior and can only work in the washroom. But I am not, "she says .And the young woman, who had been eager to do everything well since she was a child, vowed to prove it. Four years ago, she was honored as Excellent Sanitation Worker by the National Tourism Administration. It was the happiest day of her life." Standing on the stage, I cried because it is not only a prize, but a kind of understanding and recognition," Liu says. In spite of the heavy work during the daytime, Liu spends every night learning from her sister's textbooks. "Sometimes I read till 3 in the morning and get up at 6 to go to work," she says. Two years ago, she passed the entrance examination for the "Worker College,” and this year, she obtained a diploma in finance. Her thesis was selected for excellence and was honored at the commencement. 2、作文(50 分) Please write an essay entitled Homesickness in more than 300 words. 美学原理 一、解释（每小题 10 分） 

1、自然美 2、崇高 3、社会美 4、美感 5、移情说 二、简答题（每小题 20 分） 1、艺术与技艺有何根本区别？ 2、为什么说审美的境界是一种自由的境界？ 3、艺术家与一般人的区别是什么？ 三、论述题（40 分） 真善美的区分与关联是什么