Oracle 入门级DBA必备.pdf

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IBMAIX+HACMP系统维护手册与基础入门

学习数据库技术就来三通it学院www.santongit.com1目录目录.................................................................................................................................................................11、概述..............................................................................................................................................................32、AIX操作系统基本命令...............................................................................................................................32.1、系统的进入和退出...........................................................................................................................32.2、修改系统密码...................................................................................................................................3•、mkdir、rm、mv和cd......................................................................................................................4•、列出文件ls....................................................................................................................................5•、显示日期date................................................................................................................................5•、查看登陆用户who...........................................................................................................................5•、查看系统进程ps............................................................................................................................6•、终止进程kill................................................................................................................................7•、查找文件find................................................................................................................................8•、查找指定字符grep.......................................................................................................................93、vi编辑器.....................................................................................................................................................103.1、vi简介...........................................................................................................................................103.2、vi的进入与离开............................................................................................................................103.3、vi的文本输入模式.......................................................................................................................113.4、vi基本编辑命令...........................................................................................................................113.5、文件处理子命令.............................................................................................................................134、硬件设备维护命令.....................................................................................................................................149.1............................................................................................、显示设备一般信息lsdev149.2.............................................................................................、显示设备属性lsattr149.3.............................................................................................、显示整机信息lsconf159.4.............................................................................................、搜索可用的新硬件cfgmgr.................................................................................................................................................174.5、删除硬件设备.................................................................................................................................174.6、修改硬件设备属性.........................................................................................................................174.7、磁盘更换.........................................................................................................................................184.7.1、查看rootvg中是否存在镜像...............................................................................................184.7.2、确定rootvg中的磁盘...........................................................................................................184.7.3、确定需要更换哪块磁盘.......................................................................................................184.7.4、取消磁盘镜像.......................................................................................................................194.7.5、把坏盘从rootvg中去掉.......................................................................................................194.7.6、把坏盘从系统中去掉...........................................................................................................204.7.7、更换新磁盘...........................................................................................................................204.7.8、重新认新磁盘.......................................................................................................................204.7.9、使新磁盘可用.......................................................................................................................204.7.10、把新磁盘重新加入到rootvg卷组中.................................................................................204.7.11、为rootvg重做镜像.............................................................................................................20

学习数据库技术就来三通it学院www.santongit.com24.7.12、重新设置磁盘引导区.........................................................................................................204.7.13、设置系统引导顺序.............................................................................................................21

学习数据库技术就来三通it学院www.santongit.com35、用户管理.....................................................................................................................................................225.1、增加用户.........................................................................................................................................225.2、修改用户密码.................................................................................................................................225.3、修改用户信息.................................................................................................................................225.4、删除用户.........................................................................................................................................226、网络管理.....................................................................................................................................................236.1、查看网络状态和流量.....................................................................................................................236.2、查看网卡接口状态.........................................................................................................................246.3、启动网络服务.................................................................................................................................256.4、配置本地主机名解释.....................................................................................................................256.5、免密码远程登陆.............................................................................................................................256.6、修改ip地址...................................................................................................................................267、系统日常管理.............................................................................................................................................277.1、查看文件系统.................................................................................................................................277.2、查看系统登陆记录.........................................................................................................................277.3、检查系统cpu使用率.....................................................................................................................287.4、查看IO使用情况...........................................................................................................................307.5、查看交换空间.................................................................................................................................317.6、管理交换空间.................................................................................................................................327.7、查看系统安装的软件.....................................................................................................................327.8、查看系统补丁及维护等级.............................................................................................................337.9、查看系统错误日志信息.................................................................................................................338、系统关机.....................................................................................................................................................348.1、系统正常关机.................................................................................................................................358.2、快速关机.........................................................................................................................................358.3、紧急情况关机.................................................................................................................................358.4、重新启动系统.................................................................................................................................359、HACMP双机维护命令..............................................................................................................................35•、启动HACMP.....................................................................................................................................36•、关闭HACMP.....................................................................................................................................369.3、手工切换资源组.............................................................................................................................369.4、查看HACMP状态.............................................................................................................................37

学习数据库技术就来三通it学院www.santongit.com41、概述本文档针对IBMAIX5.3,内容包括AIX系统日常维护,HACMP日常维护操作。2、AIX操作系统基本命令2.1、系统的进入和退出登陆AIX系统可以通过telnet来登陆，首先需要配置一台PC，能够与以上所列出的任一网络地址连通。就可以通过telnet该网络地址，来登陆AIX系统了。login:password:输入用户名（例如：root）输入用户口令若用户名及口令均正确，则用户将登陆成功。此时系统会出现命令提示符$或#，即表示可接收用户输入的操作系统命令。退出系统：或exit或logout。2.2、修改系统密码在登陆入系统后，可以通过passwd命令来修改用户密码。#passwdChangingpasswordfor"root"root'sNewpassword:Enterthenewpasswordagain:若需要修改其他用户密码，则可以通过passwdusername来修改其他用户的密码，只有安全组用户（例如root）有权力修改其他用户密码。例如需要修改test用户密码：#passwdtestChangingpasswordfor"test"

学习数据库技术就来三通it学院www.santongit.com5root'sNewpassword:Enterthenewpasswordagain:4.7、mkdir、rm、mv和cdmkdirrmmvcd：用于创建目录$mkdiroracle$lsoracle$：用于删除文件或目录（rm–r删除目录时目录内有内容，用-r一起删除）$rm-roracle$ls$：用于改变文件或目录名$mkdirll$lsll$mkdirkk$lskkll$mvllkk$lskk$cdkk$lsll$：用于进入系统某一级目录中去$cd/$pwd/$cd/home/oracle$pwd/home/oracle$

学习数据库技术就来三通it学院www.santongit.com64.8、列出文件ls功能：显示目录中的内容，列出当前目录中所有文件的文件名参数说明：adl举例：：列出目录中所有文件：列出所有子目录：列出长格式文件信息ls–a：列出当前目录中的所有文件$ls-a#UNTITLED#.dtcreatedbscriptsoracle....TTauthority.Xauthority$.dtprofile.profile.sh_historyafiedt.bufdead_letterllmake.logmboxsmit.logsmit.scriptwebsm.logwebsm.scriptls–l：显示文件的详细信息$ls-ltotal295-rw-r--r---rw-r--r--drwx------drwxr-xr-x-rw-r--r---rw-------drwxr-xr-x-rw-r--r---rw-r--r---rw-r--r---rw-r--r--$12011201220122011201120132011201120112011201dbadbadbadbadbadbadbadbadbasystemsystem3Sep0115:24#UNTITLED#51Jul0818:18afiedt.buf512Jun1909:27dead_letter512Sep2210:17ll95987Apr1814:51make.log11174Sep1709:15mbox512Sep2210:21oracle8971Sep2011:08smit.log5437Sep2011:08smit.script1682Sep0215:18websm.log21441Sep0215:10websm.script4.9、显示日期date功能：显示当前日期和时间,超级用户可以进行修改举例：#dateTueApr1700:25:04BEIST20074.10、查看登陆用户who功能：列出当前系统注册的用户

学习数据库技术就来三通it学院www.santongit.com7列出当前已登陆的用户：$whorootnotespts/0pts/1Apr1623:09Apr1700:27(192.68.10.222)(192.68.10.222)列出当前登陆的用户名：#whoamirootpts/0Apr1623:09(192.68.10.222)列出系统运行等级：#who-r.run-level2Apr1208:1420S其中2为当前系统的运行等级。4.11、查看系统进程ps功能：显示后台进程的有关信息。单独使用ps将显示由当前终端启动的后台进程的PID、终端号、进程已执行时间以及启动该进程的命令4语法：ps-options参数说明：-e-f-l#ps-ef：显示系统内当前运行的所有后台进程：除ps所提供的信息外，还显示用户名、PPID（父进程ID）及启动时间：除ps所提供的信息外，还显示UserID,PPID和进程优先级UIDPIDPPIDCSTIMETTYTIMECMDrootroot2822root3694root4990105638110Apr120Apr120Apr120Apr1220:10/etc/init30:00/usr/sbin/syslogd46:23/usr/sbin/syncd6050:00/usr/lib/errdemonroot54046710023:09:32-0:00telnetd-a

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