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Understanding Operating Systems(7th) 无水印pdf.pdf

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    Cover
    Copyright
    Contents
    Preface
    Part One: Operating Systems Concepts
    1: Introducing Operating Systems
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    What Is an Operating System?
    Operating System Software
    An Evolution of Computing Hardware
    Types of Operating Systems
    Brief History of Operating Systems Development
    Design Considerations
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    2: Memory Management: Simple Systems
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Single-User Contiguous Scheme
    Dynamic Partitions
    Best-Fit and First-Fit Allocation
    Deallocation
    Relocatable Dynamic Partitions
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    3: Memory Management: Virtual Memory Systems
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Paged Memory Allocation
    Demand Paging Memory Allocation
    Page Replacement Policies and Concepts
    Segmented Memory Allocation
    Segmented/Demand Paged Memory Allocation
    Virtual Memory
    Cache Memory
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    4: Processor Management
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Overview
    Scheduling Submanagers
    Process Scheduler
    Scheduling Policies
    Scheduling Algorithms
    Managing Interrupts
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    5: Process Management
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Deadlock, Livelock, and Starvation
    Deadlock
    Starvation
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    6: Concurrent Processes
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    What Is Parallel Processing?
    Typical Multiprocessing Configurations
    Process Synchronization Software
    Process Cooperation
    Concurrent Programming
    Threads and Concurrent Programming
    Two Concurrent Programming Languages
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    7: Device Management
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Types of Devices
    Magnetic Disk Storage
    Optical Disc Storage
    Solid State Storage
    Components of the I/O Subsystem
    Communication Among Devices
    RAID
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    8: File Management
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    The File Manager
    Interacting with the File Manager
    File Organization
    Physical Storage Allocation
    Access Methods
    Levels in a File Management System
    Access Control Verification Module
    Data Compression
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    9: Network Organization Concepts
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Basic Terminology
    Network Topologies
    Network Types
    Software Design Issues
    Transport Protocol Standards
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    10: Management of Network Functions
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    History of Networks
    DO/S Development
    NOS Development
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    11: Security and Ethics
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Role of the Operating System in Security
    Security Breaches
    System Protection
    Password Management
    Ethics
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    12: System Management
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Evaluating an Operating System
    Cooperation Among Components
    Measuring System Performance
    Patch Management
    System Monitoring
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    Part Two: Operating Systems in Practice
    13: UNIX Operating System
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Brief History
    Design Goals
    Memory Management
    Process Management
    Device Management
    File Management
    User Interfaces
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    14: Windows Operating Systems
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Brief History
    Design Goals
    Memory Management
    Processor Management
    Device Management
    File Management
    Network Management
    Security Management
    User Interface
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    15: Linux Operating Systems
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Brief History
    Design Goals
    Memory Management
    Processor Management
    Device Management
    File Management
    User Interface
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    16: Android Operating Systems
    Learning Objectives
    Introduction
    Brief History
    Design Goals
    Memory Management
    Processor Management
    Device Management
    File Management
    Security Management
    User Interface
    Conclusion
    Key Terms
    Interesting Searches
    Exercises
    Appendix A: Algorithms
    Appendix B: ACM Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct
    Glossary
    Bibliography
    Index
    Buy. Rent. Access. Access student data fi les and other study tools on cengagebrain.com. For detailed instructions visit http://s-solutions.cengage.com/ctdownloads/ Store your Data Files on a USB drive for maximum effi ciency in organizing and working with the fi les. Macintosh users should use a program to expand WinZip or PKZip archives. Ask your instructor or lab coordinator for assistance. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
    Understanding Operating Systems Seventh Edition Ann McIver McHoes Ida M. Flynn Australia • Canada • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
    This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
    Understanding Operating Systems, Seventh Edition Ann McIver McHoes Ida M. Flynn Senior Product Manager: Jim Gish Product Director: Kathleen McMahon Senior Content Developer: Alyssa Pratt Product Assistant: Sarah Timm Content Project Manager: Jennifer Feltri-George Senior Rights Acquisitions Specialist: Christine Myaskovsky Art Director: Cheryl Pearl, GEX Manufacturing Planner: Julio Esperas Cover Designer: Cheryl Pearl, GEX Cover Photos: ©Dabarti CGI/Shuttershock Compositor: Integra © 2014 Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, www.cengage.com/support For permission to use material from this text or product, submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions Further permissions questions can be emailed to permissionrequest@cengage.com Library of Congress Control Number: 2013945460 ISBN-13: 978-1-285-09655-1 ISBN-10: 1-285-09655-X Cengage Learning 20 Channel Center Street Boston, MA 02210 USA Some of the product names and company names used in this book have been used for identification purposes only and may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective manufacturers and sellers. Any fictional data related to persons, or companies or URLs used throughout this book is intended for instructional purposes only. At the time this book was printed, any such data was fictional and not belonging to any real persons or companies. Cengage Learning reserves the right to revise this publication and make changes from time to time in its content without notice. Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions with office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil and Japan. Locate your local office at: www.cengage.com/global Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd. To learn more about Cengage Learning, visit www.cengage.com Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.cengagebrain.com Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
    Dedicated to two inspiring colleagues: Ida Moretti Flynn, award-winning teacher and a wonderful friend; her love for teaching lives on. Bob Kleinmann, superb editor and soul mate – not in that order. AMM Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
    Contents Part One Operating Systems Concepts Chapter 1 Introducing Operating Systems Introduction What Is an Operating System? Operating System Software Main Memory Management Processor Management Device Management File Management Network Management User Interface Cooperation Issues Cloud Computing An Evolution of Computing Hardware Types of Operating Systems Brief History of Operating Systems Development 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s Design Considerations Conclusion Key Terms Interesting Searches Exercises 1 3 4 4 4 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 11 11 13 16 16 16 18 18 19 20 20 22 23 23 24 25 26 iv Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
    Chapter 2 Memory Management: Simple Systems 29 Single-User Contiguous Scheme Fixed Partitions Dynamic Partitions Best-Fit and First-Fit Allocation Deallocation Case 1: Joining Two Free Blocks Case 2: Joining Three Free Blocks Case 3: Deallocating an Isolated Block Relocatable Dynamic Partitions Conclusion Key Terms Interesting Searches Exercises 30 31 34 36 41 41 42 43 45 50 51 52 52 Chapter 3 Memory Management: Virtual Memory Systems 59 Paged Memory Allocation Demand Paging Memory Allocation Page Replacement Policies and Concepts First-In First-Out Least Recently Used Clock Replacement Variation Bit Shifting Variation The Mechanics of Paging The Working Set Segmented Memory Allocation Segmented/Demand Paged Memory Allocation Virtual Memory Cache Memory Conclusion Key Terms Interesting Searches Exercises Chapter 4 Processor Management Overview Definitions About Multi-Core Technologies 60 66 71 71 73 74 75 76 78 81 84 87 89 92 93 95 96 103 104 104 106 C o n t e n t s v Copyright 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.
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