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2017年广西桂林电子科技大学翻译硕士英语考研真题A卷.doc
2017 年广西桂林电子科技大学翻译硕士英语考研真题 A 卷
Part I
Grammar and Vocabulary （30%）
There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are
four words or phrases mark A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best
completes the sentence.
Mark your answers on your answer sheet.
1. During the big fire in the school, the teacher _______ the students into groups
and asked each group
to carry water to throw on the flames.
A. dispersed
B. organized
C. scattered
D. ordered
2. His poor health _______ him to resign from his job.
A. compelled
B. treasured
C. transplanted
D. trimmed
3. They were trying to _______ the fact that they had lost everything.
A. take up
B. look to
C. take to
D. face up to
4. In spite of the _______ , it seemed that many of the invited guests would still
show up.
A. deviation
B. distinction
C. controversy
D. comparison
5. His
_______ directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to
take.
A. ambiguous
B. complicated
C. arbitrary
D. intricate
6. The famous scientist _______ his success to hard work.
A. imparted
B. granted
C. ascribed
D. acknowledged
7. The old lady has developed a ________ cough which cannot be cured completely
in a short time.
A. perpetual
B. permanent
C. chronic
D. sustained
8. Nepal is a country in central Asia that is landlocked and _______ by the Himalayas.
A. secluded
B. bordered
C. integrated
D. opened
9. This old lady is so _______ that she even believes what a stranger says.
A. sophisticated
B. guilty
C. sarcastic
D. gullible
10. The prodigal son spent his money extravagantly and soon after he left home he
was reduced to a
beggar.
A. lavishly
B. economically
C. thriftily
D. extrovertly
11. The court met again after an adjournment of two weeks.
A. continuation
B. suspension
C. accomplishment
D. commencement
12. With tears in her eyes, the champion was oblivious to the cheering in the stands.
A. grateful
B. unaware of
C. conscious of
D. pleased with
13. He used his newspapers to beguile the readers into buying shares in his company.
A. convince
B. encourage
C. trick
D. persuade
14. His
pale
gray
eyes
were
gleaning
with
ferocity
and triumph.
A. joy
B. depression
C. inspiration
D. cruelty
15. When Mary heard the good news she tried to sound casual, but her excitement
was obvious.
A. disinterested
B. without plan
c. without warning
D. uncaring
16. My boss ordered that the legal documents _______ to him before supper.
A. were sent
B. be sent
C. were to be sent
D. must be sent
17. Twelve is to six _______ two is to one.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
18. A survey was carried out on death rate of new-born babies in that region, _______
were surprising.
A. the result of it
B. the results
C. the results of which
D. which
results
19. It was _______ we had hoped.
A. more a success than
B. a success more than
C. as much of a success as
D. a success as much as
20. They ________ the park of late.
A. will visit
B. have visited
C. are visiting
D. visited
21. I never regretted ________ his offer, for it was not where my interest lay.
A. not to accept
B. not having accepted
C. having not accepted
D. not accepting
22. She said she would work it out herself _______ ask me for help.
A. and not to
B. but not
C. and prefer not
D. rather than
23. Have you ever been in a situation _____ you know the other person is right
yet you cannot agree
with him?
A. by which
B. that
C. in where
D. where
24. Do help yourself to some fruit, _____ you?
A. can't
B. don't
C. wouldn't
D. won't
25. Western . Nebraska generally receives less snow than _____ Eastern Nebraska.
A. in
B. it receives in
C. does
D. it does in
26. They fulfilled the task in _____ it took us.
A. three-fourths time
B. three-fourth time
C. three-fourths the time
D. the three-fourths time
27. These goods are sold at reduced prices, ________.
A. the defects are pointed out to the customer
B. the defects pointed out to the customers
C. the defects have been pointed out to the customers
D. the defects being pointed out to the customers
28.Last year, I paid a three-day visit to the company as a visiting engineer
and was treated
______.
A. such
B.
like it
C. as such
D. such as
29. This is _______. She wrote her name on the first page.
A. a Sherry’ s book
B. a book of Sherry
C. Sherry’ s a book
D. a book of Sherry’s
30. Fond of singing as she is, she is _______ a good singer by profession.
A. everything but
B. anything but
C. nothing but
D. something but
Part II Reading Comprehension
(40%)
Section 1 Multiple-choice Questions. (30%)
In this section, there are three passages followed by questions or
unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and
D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answer
on your ANSWER SHEET.
Passage 1
Biologically, there is only one quality which distinguishes us from animals:
the ability to laugh. In a universe which appears to be utterly devoid of humor,
we enjoy this supreme luxury. And it is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process,
laughter does not seem serve a biologically useful purpose. In a divided world,
a laughter is a unifying force. Human begins oppose each other on a great many issues.
Nations may disagree about systems of government and human relations may be plagued
by ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh.
And laughter, in turn, depends on the most complex and subtle of all-human qualities:
a sense of humor. Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal. This can best
be seen from the world-wide popularity of Charlie Chaplain's early films. The little
man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matter which country we come from.
As that great commentator on human affairs, Dr. Samuel Johnson, once remarked, "Men
have been wise in very different modes; but they have always laughed in the same
way."
A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may he anything from refined
tinkle to an earth-quaking roar, but the effect is always the same. Humor helps
us to maintain a correct sense of values. It is the one quality which political
fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake
of taking ourselves too seriously. We are always reminded that tragedy is not really
far removed from comedy, so we never get a lop-sided view of things.
This is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. Human pain and suffering
are so grim; we hover so often on the brink of war, political realities are usually
enough to plunge us into total despair. In such circumstances, cartoons and
satirical accounts of somber political events redress the balance. They take the
wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their sense of proportion.
They enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic or
absurd. We laugh when a great satirist like Swift writes about wars in Gulliver's
Travels. The Lilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they can't
agree which end to break an egg. We laugh because we are meant to laugh; but we
are meant to weep too. It is no wonder that in totalitarian regimes any satire against
the Establishment is wholly banned. It is too powerful weapon to be allowed to
flourish.
The sense of humor must be singled out as man's most important quality because
it is associated with laughter. And laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness.
Courage, determination, initiative -- these are qualities we share with other forms
of life. But the sense of humor is uniquely human. If happiness is one of the great
goals of life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key.
31. The author quotes Dr. Samuel Johnson's words to_________ .
A. criticize the hypocrisy of politicians
B. readdress the popularity
of Chaplin.
C. illustrate a universal appeal of humor
D. ban satires in totalitarian
regimes
32. According to the author, which of the following can be a chief function of the
sense of humor?
A. Strengthening human relations.
B. Keeping a correct sense of
values.
C. Eliminating comic stereotypes.
D. Singling out adverse
comments.
33. If one gets a lop-sided view of things, he is likely to ________ .
A.detach tragedy from comedy
B. associate humor with laughter
C. identify pain with happiness
D. combine satire with irony
34. We can infer from Paragraph 3 that_______ .
A. Satires and ironies overemphasize less serious aspects of human life.
B. Arrogant politicians enable others to appreciate profound actions.
C. Many issues on trivialities may arise for lack of a touch of humor.
D. A sense of humor inevitably prompts us to take ourselves seriously.
35. To which of the following is the author likely to agree?
A. Satire and irony can be very harsh and cruel, not funny at all.
B. It is absurd to stress the quality of humor at the expense of others.
C. Human affairs are often an inappropriate subject for humor.
D. A sense of humor is the most important of all human qualities.
Passage 2
Apple’s launch of the iPad is a gamble in more ways than one. To start with,
it’s obviously a bet that there are millions of people looking for a new way to
surf the Web, watch movies, and read magazines. But it’s also a more fundamental
gamble; namely, that people will pay for quality. Starting at five hundred dollars,
the iPad is significantly more expensive than its competitors. But Apple ’ s
assumption is that, if the iPad is also significantly better, people will happily
shell out for it (as they already do for iPods, iPhones, and Macs).
For Apple, "build it and they will pay" is business as usual. But it’s not
a universal business truth. On the contrary, companies like Ikea, H. & M., and the
makers of the FlipVideo camera are flourishing not by selling products or services
that are "far better" than anyone else’s but by selling things that aren’t bad
and cost a lot less. These products are much better than the cheap stuff you used
to buy, and they tend to be appealingly styled, but, unlike Apple, the companies
aren’t trying to build the best mousetrap out there. Instead, they’re engaged
in the "good-enough revolution." For them, the key to success isn’t excellence.
It’s well-priced adequacy.
These two strategies may look completely different, but they have one crucial
thing in common: they don’t target the amorphous blob of consumers who make up
the middle of the market. Paradoxically, ignoring these people has turned out to
be a great way of getting lots of customers, because, in many businesses, high-and
low-end producers are taking more and more of the market. In fashion, both H. &M.
and Hermes have prospered during the recession.
While the high and low ends are thriving, the middle of the market is in trouble.
Previously, successful companies tended to be attracted toward what historians of
retail have called the Big Middle, because that’s where most of the customers were.
These days, the Big Middle is looking more like "the mushy middle". The companies
there―Sony, Dell, General Motors, and the like―find themselves squeezed from both
sides. The products made by midrange companies are neither exceptional enough to
justify premium prices nor cheap enough to win over value-conscious consumers.
This doesn’t mean that companies are going to abandon the idea of being all
things to all people. If you’re already in the middle of the market, it’s hard
to shift focus―as G.M. has discovered. And the allure of a big market share is
often hard to resist, even if it doesn’t translate into profits. According to one
estimate, Nokia has nearly twenty times Apple’s market share, but the iPhone alone
makes almost as much money as all Nokia’s phones combined.
36. We can infer from the first paragraph that ________ .
A. Apple is constantly launching new products.
B. Apple has a proven record of success in sales.
C. Apple will never be surpassed by other firms.
D. Apple is famous for its design and creativity.
37. Companies like Ikea focus more on________ .
A. moderate price
B. stable quality
C. cost performance
D. abundant
supply
38. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that ________ .
A. maybe there is a shrinking middle-end market.
B. high-end market is more flourishing than others
C. middle-end market is the target of big companies.
D. low-end market trends to be ignored by companies.
39. The word “premium” in Paragraph four probably means ________ .
A. average
B. middle
C. low
D. high
40. According to the passage, G.M. targets ________.
A. low-end market
B. high-end market
C. middle-end market
D. all of the above
Passage 3
War may be a natura1 expression of biological instinct and drives toward
aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and
territoriality are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that
humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate survival mechanism, an
instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from
threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence
of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence cannot be
simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always
conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human
societies vio1ence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying
forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing
the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical patterns within which
human violence has been directed.
The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law .The
more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for
the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies
the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may
have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon
the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for
revenge
becomes
depersonalized
and
diffused.
The
society
assumes
the
responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot
be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. In a state
controlled legal system, individuals are removed from the cycle of revenge motivated
by acts of violence, and the state assumes responsibility for their protection.
The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus. While
the one protects the individual from violence, the other sacrifices the individual
to violence in the interests of the state. In war the state affirms supreme power
over the individuals within its own borders. War is not simply a trial by combat
to settle disputes between states; it is the moment when the state makes its most
powerful demands upon its people for their commitment, allegiance, and supreme
sacrifice. Times of war test a community's deepest religious and ethical
commitments.
41. Human violence shows evidence of being a 1earned behavior in that ________ .
A. it threatens the existing social systems
B. it is influenced by society
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