502 现代数字与模拟通信系统 Modern_Digital_and_Analog_Communication_Systems 4e.pdf

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INTERNATIONAL FOURTH EDITION Digital Communication Modern Analog Systems and B.P. Lathi . Zhi Ding

MODERN DIGITAL AND ANALOG COMMUNICATION International Fourth Edition SYSTEMS B. P. Lathi Professor California Emeritus State University-Sacramento Zhi Ding Professor University of California-Davis New York Oxford OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2010

Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dares Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright© 1983 by CBS College Publishing; © 1989 by B. P. Lathi & Saunders College Publishing, a division of Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc.;© 1995, 1998, 2010 by B. P. Lathi Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 http:/ /www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Lathi, B. P. (Bhagwandas Pannalal) Modern digital and analog communication systems/ B. P. Lathi, Zhi Ding.-4th ed. Data p. cm. ISBN 978-0-19-538493-2 (hardcover: alk. paper) 1. Telecommunication systems. 2. Digital communications. 3. Statistical communication theory. TK5101.L333 2008 621.382-dc22 I. Ding, Zhi, 1962- II. Title. 2008029440 Printing number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper

BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface xvii Introduction 1 2 Signals and Signal Space 20 3 Analysis and Transmission of Signals 62 4 Amplitude Modulations and Demodulations 140 5 Angle Modulation and Demodulation 202 6 Sampling and Analog-to-Digital Conversion 251 7 Principles of Digital Data Transmission 326 8 Fundamentals of Probability Theory 393 9 Random Processes and Spectral Analysis 456 10 Performance Analysis of Digital Communication Systems 506 11 Spread Spectrum Communications 614 12 Digital Communications Under Linearly Distortive Channels 666 Introduction to Information Theory 734 13 14 Error Correcting Codes 802 A Orthogonality of Some Signal Sets 873 B Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality 875 C Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization of a Vector Set 877 D Basic Matrix Properties and Operations 880 E Miscellaneous 885 Index 889 V

CONTENTS 1 xvii PREFACE INTRODUCTION 1 .1 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 1.2 1.3 1 .4 1.5 1 .6 ANALOG AND DIGITAL MESSAGES 4 1.2.1 Noise Immunity of Digital Signals 4 1 .2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4 Viability of Distortionless Regenerative Repeaters 5 Analog-to-Digital (A/DJ Conversion 6 Pulse-Coded Modulation-A Digital Representation 7 CHANNEL EFFECT, SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO, AND CAPACITY 9 1 .3 .1 1 .3 .2 Signal Bandwidth and Power 9 Channel Capacity and Data Rate 10 MODULATION AND DETECTION 1 1 1.4.1 1 .4.2 Ease of Radiation/Transmission 11 Simultaneous Transmission of Multiple Signals-Multiplexing 12 Demodulation 13 1 .4.3 DIGITAL SOURCE CODING AND ERROR CORRECTION CODING 13 A BRIEF HISTORICAL REVIEW OF MODERN TELECOMMUNICATIONS 15 vii

VIII SIGNALS AND SIGNAL SPACE 20 CONTENTS 2 2.1 2.2 SIZE OF A SIGNAL 20 CLASSIFICATION OF SIGNALS 22 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 Continuous Time and Discrete Time Signals 23 Analog and Digital Signals 23 Periodic and Aperiodic Signals 24 Energy and Power Signals 25 Deterministic and Random Signals 25 UNIT IMPULSE SIGNAL 26 SIGNALS VERSUS VECTORS 28 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 Complex Signal Space and Orthogonality 32 Energy of the Sum of Orthogonal Signals 34 2.4.4 Component of a Vector along Another Vector 28 Decomposition of a Signal and Signal Components 30 CORRELATION OF SIGNALS 34 2.5.1 2.5.2 Correlation Functions 35 Autocorrelation Function 36 ORTHOGONAL SIGNAL SET 36 2.6.1 Orthogonal Vector Space 36 2.6.2 Orthogonal Signal Space 38 2.6.3 Parseval's Theorem 39 THE EXPONENTIAL FOURIER SERIES 39 MATLAB EXERCISES 46 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 3 ANALYSIS AND TRANSMISSION OF SIGNALS 62 3.1 3.2 3.3 APERIODIC SIGNAL REPRESENTATION BY FOURIER INTEGRAL 62 TRANSFORMS OF SOME USEFUL FUNCTIONS 69 SOME PROPERTIES OF THE FOURIER TRANSFORM 75 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3 .3.4 3.3.5 3.3.6 3 .3 .7 Time-Frequency Duality 76 Duality Property 77 Time-Scaling Property 79 Time-Shifting Property 81 Frequency-Shifting Property 83 Convolution Theorem 87 Time Differentiation and Time Integration 88 3.4 SIGNAL TRANSMISSION THROUGH A LINEAR SYSTEM 90 3.4.1 3.4.2 Signal Distortion during Transmission 92 Distortionless Transmission 92 3.5 IDEAL VERSUS PRACTICAL FILTERS 95

Contents 1x 3 .6 3.7 3.8 SIGNAL DISTORTION OVER A COMMUNICATION CHANNEL 97 3.6.1 3.6.2 3 .6.3 3 .6.4 Linear Distortion 97 Distortion Caused by Channel Nonlinearities 99 Distortion Caused by Multipath Effects 101 Fading Channels 103 SIGNAL ENERGY AND ENERGY SPECTRAL DENSITY 103 3.7.1 3 .7.2 3.7.3 3.7.4 3.7.5 Parseval's Theorem 103 Energy Spectral Density (ESD) 104 Essential Bandwidth of a Signal 105 Energy of Modulated Signals 108 Time Autocorrelation Function and the Energy Spectral Density 1 09 SIGNAL POWER AND POWER SPECTRAL DENSITY 111 3.8.1 3.8.2 3.8.3 3.8.4 Power Spectral Density (PSD) 111 Time Autocorrelation Function of Power Signals 113 Input and Output Power Spectral Densities 117 PSD of Modulated Signals 118 3.9 NUMERICAL COMPUTATION OF FOURIER TRANSFORM: THE DFT 118 3.10 MATLAB EXERCISES 123 4 5 AMPLITUDE MODULATIONS AND DEMODULATIONS 140 4.1 BASEBAND VERSUS CARRIER COMMUNICATIONS 140 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 DOUBLE-SIDEBAND AMPLITUDE MODULATION 142 AMPLITUDE MODULATION (AM) 151 BANDWIDTH-EFFICIENT AMPLITUDE MODULATIONS 158 AMPLITUDE MODULATIONS: VESTIGIAL SIDEBAND (VSB) 167 LOCAL CARRIER SYNCHRONIZATION 170 FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING (FDM) 172 PHASE-LOCKED LOOP AND SOME APPLICATIONS 173 MATLAB EXERCISES 181 ANGLE MODULATION AND DEMODULATION NONLINEAR MODULATION 202 5.1 202 5.2 BANDWIDTH OF ANGLE-MODULATED WAVES 209

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502 现代数字与模拟通信系统 Modern_Digital_and_Analog_Communication_Systems 4e.pdf

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