2004 年上海华东师范大学人体解剖生理学考研真题 一、术语解释（每题 5 分，共 40 分） 1.反射和反射弧 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 2.负反馈 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 3.非特异投射系统 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 4.突触 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 5.联络系和联络区 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 6.EPSP 

_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 7.神经核 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 8.Organ of Corti _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 二、简答题（共 70 分） 1.神经元的结构及其功能（8 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 2.Na+一 K+泵结构和生理作用。（10 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 3.边缘系统的解剖结构和生理功能（10 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 

4.与言语语言有关的 Brodmann 分区及其损伤的表现（10 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 5.条件反射及其形成机制（8 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 6.动作电位的发生、发展与恢复（10 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 7.行波理论（8 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 8.喉的解剖结构（6 分） _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ 二、论述题（每题 20 分，共 40 分） 1.结合实例论述第一信号系统与第二信号系统在语言障碍儿童教育训练中的应用。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 

______________________________________________ 2.看对话后分析"B"从接收到应答的过程。（B 的听觉正常） A∶"小朋友，你叫什么名字?" B∶"我叫 B"，同时书写"B"给 A 看。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________