paraconc使用说明.pdf

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ParaConc: A Concordancer for Parallel Texts ( D ra f t 3 / 0 3) Michael Barlow

PREFACE ParaConc is a new tool designed for linguists and translators who wish to work with translated texts. It can also be used by language teachers, cross- language retrieval experts, and other researchers interested in the analysis of multilingual texts. The following group of people, who are all involved in translation studies in one way or another, have been using and commenting on various aspects of the program as it has been developed: Mona Baker, Centre for Translation Studies, UMIST, Manchester Pernilla Danielsson, Dept of English, University of Birmingham Anna Mauranen, English/Philology, University of Tampere, Finland Jennifer Pearson, Dublin City University, Eire Raf Salkie, English, University of Brighton, England Kim Wallmach, Dept. of Linguistics, University of South Africa The first version of ParaConc was a rather rudimentary Macintosh program (based on Hypertalk) created in 1995. A few enthusiasts such as Pernilla Danielsson and Raf Salkie made some use of that program due to the fact that there was not much else available at that time. In the following year I started to design a Windows version, which led to the first beta version produced in 1996. These older Macintosh and Windows versions of the program can be downloaded from my webpage at www.ruf.rice.edu/~barlow. The present version is based not on the 1996 program, but on the code used in a monolingual concordance program (MonoConc Pro). An earlier version (9/00) of this latest incarnation is available at the website listed above. This manual is based on Build 260 of ParaConc. The version you are using may be slightly different---the version number is provided in ABOUT PARACONC in INFO menu. 3

CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Installation 2.1 Requirements 3. Aligning files 4. Starting ParaConc 4.1 Selecting a corpus 4.2 Choosing a language 4.3 Adding files 4.4 Aligning the corpora 4.5 Loading the corpus 4.6 Displaying the corpus files 4.7 Changing the corpus 9 11 11 2.1.1 Disk space 11 2.1.2 Compatible versions of Windows 11 11 2.1.3 RAM 13 15 17 18 19 20 24 25 26 27 30 31 32 33 35 37 38 38 39 40 41 41 42 38 5.5.1 Paradigm option 5.6 Context window 5.7 Using wildcards 5.8 Saving the concordance lines 5.9 Printing the concordance results 5.1 Results in two languages 5.2 Sorting the results 5.3 Suggesting translations 5.4 KWIC results II 5.5 Hot words 6.1 Frequency options 6.2 Stop list 6.3 Saving and printing the frequency results 5. Performing a basic concordance search 6. Corpus frequency information 5

7 Collocates and Collocations 7.1 Collocate frequencies 7.2 Highlighting collocations 7.3 Advanced collocations 7.3 Saving and printing 8. Working with a corpus 8.1 Tag settings 8.2 Tags 8.3 Part of Speech tags 8.4 Meta-tags 8.5 Using workspaces 8.6 Saving a workspace 8.7 Opening a workspace 9. Performing an advanced or parallel concordance search 9.1 Text search 9.2 Regular expression search 9.3 Tag search 9.3.1 Searching for words and tags 9.3.2 Searching POS tags 9.3.3 Searching for words 9.3.4 Meta-tags 9.3.1 Searching for punctuation 9.4 Parallel search 10. Performing additional kinds of searches 10.1 Context search I 10.2 Context search II 10.3 Heading search 10.4 Append search 11. General search control and search options 11.1 Ignore case of characters 11.2 Skipping and equal characters 11.3 Sentence mode 11.4 Maximum number of hits 11.5 Frequency of hits 11.6 Changing context type and size 11.7 What is a word? 6 45 45 46 47 48 49 49 52 54 54 55 55 56 57 59 59 63 64 65 65 65 66 66 69 69 69 71 72 73 73 74 74 74 74 75 75

11.8 Changing the wildcard characters 11.9 Headings 12. Displaying the results 12.1 Navigation 12.2 Change font and highlight font 12.3 Word wrap 12.4 Suppress words/tags 12.5 Distribution 12.6 Locating hits 12.7 Changing the display: KWIC, Sentence, 13. The power of sorting 13.1 Sorting 13.2 Advanced sort 13.3 User-defined sort 13.4 Sorting tracked tags 15. Exiting the program Index 76 77 79 79 79 79 79 79 81 81 83 83 83 84 85 87 89 7

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