GEOMETRY, TOPOLOGY AND PHYSICS
Graduate Student Series in Physics
Other books in the series
Gauge Theories in Particle Physics
I J R AITCHISON and A J G HEY
Introduction to Gauge Field Theory
D BAILIN and A LOVE
Supersymmetric Gauge Field Theory and String Theory
D BAILIN and A LOVE
Mechanics of Deformable Media
A B BHATIA and R N SINGH
Symmetries in Quantum Mechanics
M CHAICHIAN and R HAGEDORN
Hadron Interactions
P D B COLLINS and A D MARTIN
The Physics of Structurally Disordered Matter: An Introduction
N E CUSACK
Basic Ideas and Concepts in Nuclear Physics
K HEYDE
Collective Effects in Solids and Liquids
N H MARCH and M PARRINELLO
Supersymmetry, Superfields and Supergravity: An Introduction
P P SRIVASTAVA
Superfluidity and Superconductivity
D R TILLEY and J TILLEY
GRADUATE STUDENT SERIES IN PHYSICS
Series Editor:
Professor Douglas F Brewer, MA, DPhil
Emeritus Professor of Experimental Physics, University of Sussex
GEOMETRY, TOPOLOGY
AND PHYSICS
SECOND EDITION
MIKIO NAKAHARA
Department of Physics
Kinki University, Osaka, Japan
INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS PUBLISHING
Bristol and Philadelphia
c IOP Publishing Ltd 2003
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission
of the publisher. Multiple copying is permitted in accordance with the terms
of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency under the terms of its
agreement with Universities UK (UUK).
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 0 7503 0606 8
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data are available
Commissioning Editor: Tom Spicer
Production Editor: Simon Laurenson
Production Control: Sarah Plenty
Cover Design: Victoria Le Billon
Marketing: Nicola Newey and Verity Cooke
Published by Institute of Physics Publishing, wholly owned by The Institute of
Physics, London
Institute of Physics Publishing, Dirac House, Temple Back, Bristol BS1 6BE, UK
US Office: Institute of Physics Publishing, The Public Ledger Building, Suite
929, 150 South Independence Mall West, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA
Typeset in LATEX 2 by Text 2 Text, Torquay, Devon
Printed in the UK by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall
Dedicated to my family