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Continuous Delivery - Reliable Software Releases 【英文】.pdf

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    Contents
    Foreword
    Preface
    Acknowledgments
    About the Authors
    Part I: Foundations
    Chapter 1: The Problem of Delivering Software
    Introduction
    Some Common Release Antipatterns
    How Do We Achieve Our Goal?
    What Are the Benefits?
    The Release Candidate
    Principles of Software Delivery
    Summary
    Chapter 2: Configuration Management
    Introduction
    Using Version Control
    Managing Dependencies
    Managing Software Configuration
    Managing Your Environments
    Summary
    Chapter 3: Continuous Integration
    Introduction
    Implementing Continuous Integration
    Prerequisites for Continuous Integration
    Using Continuous Integration Software
    Essential Practices
    Suggested Practices
    Distributed Teams
    Distributed Version Control Systems
    Summary
    Chapter 4: Implementing a Testing Strategy
    Introduction
    Types of Tests
    Real-Life Situations and Strategies
    Process
    Summary
    Part II: The Deployment Pipeline
    Chapter 5: Anatomy of the Deployment Pipeline
    Introduction
    What Is a Deployment Pipeline?
    Deployment Pipeline Practices
    The Commit Stage
    The Automated Acceptance Test Gate
    Subsequent Test Stages
    Preparing to Release
    Implementing a Deployment Pipeline
    Metrics
    Summary
    Chapter 6: Build and Deployment Scripting
    Introduction
    An Overview of Build Tools
    Principles and Practices of Build and Deployment Scripting
    Project Structure for Applications That Target the JVM
    Deployment Scripting
    Tips and Tricks
    Summary
    Chapter 7: The Commit Stage
    Introduction
    Commit Stage Principles and Practices
    The Results of the Commit Stage
    Commit Test Suite Principles and Practices
    Summary
    Chapter 8: Automated Acceptance Testing
    Introduction
    Why Is Automated Acceptance Testing Essential?
    Creating Acceptance Tests
    The Application Driver Layer
    Implementing Acceptance Tests
    The Acceptance Test Stage
    Acceptance Test Performance
    Summary
    Chapter 9: Testing Nonfunctional Requirements
    Introduction
    Managing Nonfunctional Requirements
    Programming for Capacity
    Measuring Capacity
    The Capacity-Testing Environment
    Automating Capacity Testing
    Adding Capacity Tests to the Deployment Pipeline
    Additional Benefits of a Capacity Test System
    Summary
    Chapter 10: Deploying and Releasing Applications
    Introduction
    Creating a Release Strategy
    Deploying and Promoting Your Application
    Rolling Back Deployments and Zero-Downtime Releases
    Emergency Fixes
    Continuous Deployment
    Tips and Tricks
    Summary
    Part III: The Delivery Ecosystem
    Chapter 11: Managing Infrastructure and Environments
    Introduction
    Understanding the Needs of the Operations Team
    Modeling and Managing Infrastructure
    Managing Server Provisioning and Configuration
    Managing the Configuration of Middleware
    Managing Infrastructure Services
    Virtualization
    Cloud Computing
    Monitoring Infrastructure and Applications
    Summary
    Chapter 12: Managing Data
    Introduction
    Database Scripting
    Incremental Change
    Rolling Back Databases and Zero-Downtime Releases
    Managing Test Data
    Data Management and the Deployment Pipeline
    Summary
    Chapter 13: Managing Components and Dependencies
    Introduction
    Keeping Your Application Releasable
    Dependencies
    Components
    Managing Dependency Graphs
    Managing Binaries
    Managing Dependencies with Maven
    Summary
    Chapter 14: Advanced Version Control
    Introduction
    A Brief History of Revision Control
    Branching and Merging
    Distributed Version Control Systems
    Stream-Based Version Control Systems
    Develop on Mainline
    Branch for Release
    Branch by Feature
    Branch by Team
    Summary
    Chapter 15: Managing Continuous Delivery
    Introduction
    A Maturity Model for Configuration and Release Management
    Project Lifecycle
    A Risk Management Process
    Common Delivery Problems—Their Symptoms and Causes
    Compliance and Auditing
    Summary
    Bibliography
    Index
    A
    B
    C
    D
    E
    F
    G
    H
    I
    J
    K
    L
    M
    N
    O
    P
    Q
    R
    S
    T
    U
    V
    W
    X
    Y
    Z
    ptg
    Praise for Continuous Delivery “If you need to deploy software more frequently, this book is for you. Applying it will help you reduce risk, eliminate tedious work, and increase confidence. I’ll be using the principles and practices here on all my current projects.” —Kent Beck, Three Rivers Institute “Whether or not your software development team already understands that continuous integration is every bit as necessary as source code control, this is required reading. This book is unique in tying the whole development and delivery process together, providing a philosophy and principles, not just techniques and tools. The authors make topics from test automation to automated deployment accessible to a wide audience. Everyone on a development team, including programmers, testers, system administrators, DBAs, and managers, needs to read this book.” —Lisa Crispin, co-author of Agile Testing “For many organizations Continuous Delivery isn’t just a deployment methodology, it’s critical to doing business. This book shows you how to make Continuous Delivery an effective reality in your environment.” —James Turnbull, author of Pulling Strings with Puppet “A clear, precise, well-written book that gives readers an idea of what to expect for the release process. The authors give a step-by-step account of expectations and hurdles for software deployment. This book is a necessity for any software engineer’s library.” —Leyna Cotran, Institute for Software Research, University of California, Irvine “Humble and Farley illustrates what makes fast-growing web applications successful. Continuous deployment and delivery has gone from controversial to commonplace and this book covers it excel- lently. It’s truly the intersection of development and operations on many levels, and these guys nailed it.” —John Allspaw, VP Technical Operations, Etsy.com and author of The Art of Capacity Planning and Web Operations “If you are in the business of building and delivering a software-based service, you would be well served to internalize the concepts that are so clearly explained in Continuous Delivery. But going beyond just the concepts, Humble and Farley provide an excellent playbook for rapidly and reliably delivering change.” —Damon Edwards, President of DTO Solutions and co-editor of dev2ops.org “I believe that anyone who deals with software releases would be able to pick up this book, go to any chapter and quickly get valuable information; or read the book from cover to cover and be able to streamline their build and deploy process in a way that makes sense for their organization. In my opinion, this is an essential handbook for building, deploying, testing, and releasing software.” —Sarah Edrie, Director of Quality Engineering, Harvard Business School “Continuous Delivery is the logical next step after Continuous Integration for any modern software team. This book takes the admittedly ambitous goal of constantly delivering valuable software to customers, and makes it achievable through a set of clear, effective principles and practices.” —Rob Sanheim, Principal at Relevance, Inc.
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    Continuous Delivery ptg
    Continuous Delivery Jez Humble and David Farley Upper Saddle River, NJ • Boston • Indianapolis • San Francisco New York • Toronto • Montreal • London • Munich • Paris • Madrid Cape Town • Sydney • Tokyo • Singapore • Mexico City ptg
    Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed with initial capital letters or in all capitals. The authors and publisher have taken care in the preparation of this book, but make no expressed or implied warranty of any kind and assume no responsibility for errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising out of the use of the information or programs contained herein. The publisher offers excellent discounts on this book when ordered in quantity for bulk purchases or special sales, which may include electronic versions and/or custom covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests. For more information, please contact: U.S. Corporate and Government Sales (800) 382–3419 corpsales@pearsontechgroup.com For sales outside the United States please contact: International Sales international@pearson.com Visit us on the Web: informit.com/aw Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Humble, Jez. Continuous delivery : reliable software releases through build, test, and deployment automation / Jez Humble, David Farley. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-321-60191-9 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Computer software--Development. 2. Computer software--Reliability. 3. Computer software--Testing. I. Farley, David, 1959- II. Title. QA76.76.D47H843 2010 005.1--dc22 2010022186 Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permissions, write to: Pearson Education, Inc Rights and Contracts Department 501 Boylston Street, Suite 900 Boston, MA 02116 Fax (617) 671 3447 ISBN-13: 978–0–321–60191–9 ISBN-10: 0–321–60191–2 Text printed in the United States on recycled paper at RR Donnelley in Crawfordsville, Indiana. First printing August 2010 ptg
    This book is dedicated to my dad, who has always given me his unconditional love and support. —Jez This book is dedicated to my dad, who always showed me the right direction. —Dave ptg
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