introduction to search with sphinx.pdf

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Table of Contents

Preface

Audience

Organization of This Book

Conventions Used in This Book

Using Code Examples

We’d Like to Hear from You

Safari® Books Online

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1. The World of Text Search

Terms and Concepts in Search

Thinking in Documents Versus Databases

Why Do We Need Full-Text Indexes?

Query Languages

Logical Versus Full-Text Conditions

Logical conditions

Full-text queries

Differences between logical and full-text searches

Natural Language Processing

From Text to Words

Linguistics Crash Course

Relevance, As Seen from Outer Space

Result Set Postprocessing

Full-Text Indexes

Search Workflows

Kinds of Data

Indexing Approaches

Full-Text Indexes and Attributes

Approaches to Searching

Kinds of Results

Chapter 2. Getting Started with Sphinx

Workflow Overview

Getting Started ... in a Minute

Basic Configuration

Defining Data Sources

Disk-based indexes

RT indexes

Distributed indexes

Declaring Fields and Attributes in SQL Data

Sphinx-Wide Settings

Managing Configurations with Inheritance and Scripting

Accessing searchd

Configuring Interfaces

Using SphinxAPI

Using SphinxQL

Building Sphinx from Source

Quick Build

Source Build Requirements

Configuring Sources and Building Binaries

Chapter 3. Basic Indexing

Indexing SQL Data

Main Fetch Query

Pre-Queries, Post-Queries, and Post-Index Queries

How the Various SQL Queries Work Together

Ranged Queries for Larger Data Sets

Indexing XML Data

Index Schemas for XML Data

XML Encodings

xmlpipe2 Elements Reference

Working with Character Sets

Handling Stop Words and Short Words

Chapter 4. Basic Searching

Matching Modes

Full-Text Query Syntax

Known Operators

Escaping Special Characters

AND and OR Operators and a Notorious Precedence Trap

NOT Operator

Field Limit Operator

Phrase Operator

Keyword Proximity Operator

Quorum Operator

Strict Order (BEFORE) Operator

NEAR Operator

SENTENCE and PARAGRAPH Operators

ZONE Limit Operator

Keyword Modifiers

Result Set Contents and Limits

Searching Multiple Indexes

Result Set Processing

Expressions

Filtering

Sorting

Grouping

Chapter 5. Managing Indexes

The “Divide and Conquer” Concept

Index Rotation

Picking Documents

Handling Updates and Deletions with K-Lists

Scheduling Rebuilds, and Using Multiple Deltas

Merge Versus Rebuild Versus Deltas

Scripting and Reloading Configurations

Chapter 6. Relevance and Ranking

Relevance Assessment: A Black Art

Relevance Ranking Functions

Sphinx Rankers Explained

BM25 Factor

Phrase Proximity Factor

Overview of the Available Rankers

Nitty-gritty Ranker Details

How Do I Draw Those Stars?

How Do I Rank Exact Field Matches Higher?

How Do I Force Document D to Rank First?

How Does Sphinx Ranking Compare to System XYZ?

Where to Go from Here

Learn how to turn data into decisions. From startups to the Fortune 500, smart companies are betting on data-driven insight, seizing the opportunities that are emerging from the convergence of four powerful trends: n New methods of collecting, managing, and analyzing data n Cloud computing that offers inexpensive storage and flexible, on-demand computing power for massive data sets n Visualization techniques that turn complex data into images that tell a compelling story n Tools that make the power of data available to anyone Get control over big data and turn it into insight with O’Reilly’s Strata offerings. Find the inspiration and information to create new products or revive existing ones, understand customer behavior, and get the data edge. Visit oreilly.com/data to learn more. ©2011 O’Reilly Media, Inc. O’Reilly logo is a registered trademark of O’Reilly Media, Inc.

Introduction to Search with Sphinx o D

Introduction to Search with Sphinx Andrew Aksyonoff Beijing•Cambridge•Farnham•Köln•Sebastopol•Tokyo

Introduction to Search with Sphinx by Andrew Aksyonoff Copyright © 2011 Andrew Aksyonoff. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Published by O’Reilly Media, Inc., 1005 Gravenstein Highway North, Sebastopol, CA 95472. O’Reilly books may be purchased for educational, business, or sales promotional use. Online editions are also available for most titles (http://my.safaribooksonline.com). For more information, contact our corporate/institutional sales department: (800) 998-9938 or corporate@oreilly.com. Editor: Andy Oram Production Editor: Jasmine Perez Copyeditor: Audrey Doyle Proofreader: Jasmine Perez Printing History: April 2011: First Edition. Cover Designer: Karen Montgomery Interior Designer: David Futato Illustrator: Robert Romano Nutshell Handbook, the Nutshell Handbook logo, and the O’Reilly logo are registered trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Introduction to Search with Sphinx, the image of the lime tree sphinx moth, and related trade dress are trademarks of O’Reilly Media, Inc. Many of the designations used by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and O’Reilly Media, Inc. was aware of a trademark claim, the designations have been printed in caps or initial caps. While every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the publisher and authors assume no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages resulting from the use of the information con- tained herein. ISBN: 978-0-596-80955-3 [LSI] 1302874422

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