IEEE802.1D-1998 PDF.pdf

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Title Page

Introduction

Participants

CONTENTS

1. Overview

2. References

3. Definitions

4. Abbreviations

5. Conformance

6. Support of the MAC Service

7. Principles of operation

8. The Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol

9. Encoding of Bridge Protocol Data Units (BPDUs)

10. GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP)

11. Example “C” code implementation of GMRP

12. Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP)

13. Example “C” code implementation of GARP

14. Bridge Management

15. Management protocol

16. Bridge performance

Annex A—PICS proforma

Annex B—Calculating Spanning Tree parameters

Annex C—Source-Routing Transparent Bridge operation

Annex D—PICS proforma for Source-Routing Transparent Bridge operation

Annex E—Allocation of Object Identifier values

Annex F—Target topology, migration, and interoperability

Annex G—Preserving the integrity of FCS fields in MAC Bridges

Annex H—Design considerations for Traffic Class Expediting and Dynamic Multicast Filtering

ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition [Incorporates ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D, 1993 Edition, IEEE P802.1p, IEEE Std 802.1j-1996, IEEE Std 802.6k-1992, IEEE Std 802.11c-1998, and IEEE P802.12e] (Adopted by ISO/IEC and redesignated as ISO/IEC 15802-3:1998) IEEE Standard for Information technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems Local and metropolitan area networks Common specifications Part 3: Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges Adopted by the ISO/IEC and redesignated as ISO/IEC 15802-3:1998 Sponsor LAN/MAN Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society

ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition IEEE Standards documents are developed within the IEEE Societies and the Standards Coordinating Committees of the IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA) Standards Board. Members of the committees serve voluntarily and without compensation. They are not necessarily members of the Institute. The standards developed within IEEE represent a con- sensus of the broad expertise on the subject within the Institute as well as those activities outside of IEEE that have expressed an interest in participating in the development of the standard. Use of an IEEE Standard is wholly voluntary. The existence of an IEEE Standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related to the scope of the IEEE Standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the time a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comments received from users of the standard. Every IEEE Standard is subjected to review at least every ﬁve years for revision or reafﬁrmation. When a document is more than ﬁve years old and has not been reafﬁrmed, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although still of some value, do not wholly reﬂect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edi- tion of any IEEE Standard. Comments for revision of IEEE Standards are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership afﬁliation with IEEE. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments. Interpretations: Occasionally questions may arise regarding the meaning of portions of standards as they relate to spe- ciﬁc applications. When the need for interpretations is brought to the attention of IEEE, the Institute will initiate action to prepare appropriate responses. Since IEEE Standards represent a consensus of all concerned interests, it is important to ensure that any interpretation has also received the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason, IEEE and the members of its societies and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instant response to interpre- tation requests except in those cases where the matter has previously received formal consideration. Comments on standards and requests for interpretations should be addressed to: Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board 445 Hoes Lane P.O. Box 1331 Piscataway, NJ 08855-1331 USA Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of sub- ject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patents for which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. A patent holder has ﬁled a statement of assurance that it will grant licenses under these rights without compensation or under reasonable rates and nondiscriminatory, reasonable terms and conditions to all applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. The IEEE makes no representa- tion as to the reasonableness of rates and/or terms and conditions of the license agreements offered by patent holders. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Department. Authorization to photocopy portions of any individual standard for internal or personal use is granted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., provided that the appropriate fee is paid to Copyright Clearance Center. To arrange for payment of licensing fee, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA; (978) 750-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for edu- cational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. iv Copyright © 1998 IEEE. All rights reserved.

Introduction to ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition [This introduction is not part of ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition, Information technology—Telecommunications and information exchange between systems—Local and metropolitan area networks—Common speciﬁcations—Part 3: Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges.] This standard is part of a family of standards for local and metropolitan area networks. The relationship between the standard and other members of the family is shown below. (The numbers in the ﬁgure refer to IEEE standard numbers.) I Y T R U C E S 0 1 2 0 8 . I * E R U T C E T H C R A & W E V R E V O 2 0 8 I T N E M E G A N A M 1 . 2 0 8 802.2 LOGICAL LINK CONTROL 802.1 BRIDGING DATA LINK LAYER 802.3 MEDIUM ACCESS 802.4 MEDIUM ACCESS 802.5 MEDIUM ACCESS 802.6 MEDIUM ACCESS 802.9 MEDIUM ACCESS 802.11 MEDIUM ACCESS 802.12 MEDIUM ACCESS 802.14 MEDIUM ACCESS 802.3 PHYSICAL 802.4 PHYSICAL 802.5 PHYSICAL 802.6 PHYSICAL 802.9 PHYSICAL 802.11 PHYSICAL 802.12 PHYSICAL 802.14 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL LAYER * Formerly IEEE Std 802.1A. This family of standards deals with the Physical and Data Link layers as deﬁned by the International Organi- zation for Standardization (ISO) Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Basic Reference Model (ISO/IEC 7498-1 : 1994). The access standards deﬁne seven types of medium access technologies and associated physical media, each appropriate for particular applications or system objectives. Other types are under investigation. The standards deﬁning the technologies noted above are as follows: • IEEE Std 802 Overview and Architecture. ily of IEEE 802 Standards. This standard provides an overview to the fam- • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1B and 802.1k [ISO/IEC 15802-2] LAN/MAN Management. ture, and services and protocol elements for use in a LAN/MAN environ- ment for performing remote management. Deﬁnes an OSI management-compatible architec- • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D [ISO/IEC 15802-3] Speciﬁes an architecture and protocol Media Access Control (MAC) Bridges. for the interconnection of IEEE 802 LANs below the MAC service boundary. • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1E [ISO/IEC 15802-4] System Load Protocol. of management concerned with the loading of systems on IEEE 802 LANs. Speciﬁes a set of services and protocol for those aspects • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1F Common Deﬁnitions and Procedures for IEEE 802 Management Information • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1G [ISO/IEC 15802-5] Remote Media Access Control (MAC) bridging interconnection, using non-LAN communication technologies, of geographically separated IEEE 802 LANs below the level of the logical link control protocol. . Speciﬁes extensions for the • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.2 Logical link control [ISO/IEC 8802-2] Copyright © 1998 IEEE. All rights reserved. v

• ANSI/IEEE Std 802.3 CSMA/CD access method and physical layer speciﬁcations [ISO/IEC 8802-3] • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.4 Token passing bus access method and physical layer speciﬁcations [ISO/IEC 8802-4] • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.5 Token ring access method and physical layer speciﬁcations [ISO/IEC 8802-5] • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.6 [ISO/IEC 8802-6] Distributed Queue Dual Bus (DQDB) access method and physical layer speciﬁcations • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.9 [ISO/IEC 8802-9] Integrated Services (IS) LAN Interface at the Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical (PHY) Layers • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.10 Interoperable LAN/MAN Security • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.11 [ISO/IEC DIS 8802-11] Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and physical layer speciﬁ- cations • ANSI/IEEE Std 802.12 [ISO/IEC 8802-12] Demand-priority access method, physical layer and repeater speciﬁca- tions In addition to the family of standards, the following is a recommended practice for a common Physical Layer technology: • IEEE Std 802.7 IEEE Recommended Practice for Broadband Local Area Networks The following additional working group has authorized standards projects under development: • IEEE 802.14 Standard Protocol for Cable-TV Based Broadband Communication Network Conformance test methodology An additional standards series, identiﬁed by the number 1802, has been established to identify the conform- ance test methodology documents for the 802 family of standards. Thus the conformance test documents for 802.3 are numbered 1802.3. ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D, 1998 Edition The MAC Bridge standardization activities that resulted in the development of IEEE Std 802.1D-1990 (sub- sequently republished as ISO/IEC 10038:1993 [IEEE Std 802.1D, 1993 Edition]) speciﬁed an architecture and protocol for the interconnection of IEEE 802 LANs below the MAC Service boundary. IEEE Std 802.1D-1990 also introduced the concept of ﬁltering services in Bridged LANs, and mechanisms whereby ﬁltering information in such LANs may be acquired and held in a Filtering Database. This revision of ISO/ IEC 10038: 1993 extends this concept of ﬁltering services in order to deﬁne additional capabilities in Bridged LANs aimed at the following: a) b) The provision of expedited trafﬁc capabilities, to support the transmission of time-critical informa- tion in a LAN environment; The provision of ﬁltering services that support the dynamic deﬁnition and establishment of Groups in a LAN environment, and the ﬁltering of frames by Bridges such that frames addressed to a given vi Copyright © 1998 IEEE. All rights reserved.

Group are forwarded only on those LAN segments that are required in order to reach the members of that Group. To this end, this document incorporates a set of changes and additions to ISO/IEC 10038: 1993 that deﬁne the following: a) b) c) d) e) The nature of Filtering Services in Bridged LANs; The concept of Trafﬁc Classes and the effect on the operation of the Forwarding Process of support- ing multiple Trafﬁc Classes in Bridges; The structure of the Filtering Database that is needed in order to support Dynamic Multicast Filter- ing services; The registration protocol that is required in order to provide Dynamic Multicast Filtering Services; The management services and operations that are required in order to support administration of Dynamic Multicast Filtering Services. Relationship between IEEE Std 802.1D and IEEE P802.1Q A further IEEE standard under development, IEEE P802.1Q, extends the concepts of ﬁltering services and MAC Bridging in order to provide a set of capabilities that allow MAC Bridges to support the deﬁnition and management of Virtual LANs (VLANs). The capabilities deﬁned in IEEE P802.1Q include the deﬁnition of a VLAN frame format that is able to carry VLAN identiﬁcation and user priority information over LAN technologies, such as CSMA/CD, that have no inherent capability to signal priority information. This information is carried in an additional header , which is inserted immediately following the Destination MAC Address, and ﬁeld, known as the Source MAC Address (and Routing Information ﬁeld, if present) of the original frame. IEEE P802.1Q extends the priority handling aspects of this standard to make use of the ability of the VLAN frame format to carry user priority information end to end across any set of concatenated underlying MACs. Tag Header The VLAN Bridging speciﬁcation contained in IEEE 802.1Q is independent of this standard, in the sense that IEEE 802.1Q makes a separate and distinct statement of the conformance requirements for VLAN Bridges from the conformance requirements for MAC Bridges deﬁned in this standard. However, IEEE 802.1Q makes use of many of the elements of the speciﬁcation contained in this standard, in particular a) b) c) d) e) f) The Bridge architecture; The Internal Sublayer Service, and the speciﬁcation of its provision by IEEE 802 LAN MACs; The major features of the operation of the Forwarding Process; The Spanning Tree Algorithm and Protocol; The Generic Attribute Registration Protocol (GARP); and The GARP Multicast Registration Protocol (GMRP). Copyright © 1998 IEEE. All rights reserved. vii

Participants The following is a list of participants in the Interworking activities of the IEEE 802.1 Working Group. Voting members at the time of publication are marked with an asterisk (*). William P. Lidinsky, Chair* Mick Seaman, Chair, Interworking Task Group* Tony Jeffree * , Editor Steve Adams* Stephen Ades Ken Alonge Floyd Backes* John Bartlett* Les Bell* Avner Ben-Dor Michael Berger* James S. Binder* David Brady Martin Brewer Bill Bunch* Bob Cardinal Paul Carroll* Jeffrey Catlin* Dennis Cave Alan Chambers* Steve Chan David W. Chang* Ken Chapman Hon Wah Chin* Chi Chong Chris Christ* Paul Congdon* Glenn Connery* David Cullerot* Ted Davies* Andy Davis David Delaney* Prakash Desai Jeffrey Dietz* Kurt Dobbins Peter Ecclesine* J. J. Ekstrom* Norman W. Finn* Yishai Fraenkel Paul Frantz Lars Henrik Frederiksen* Anoop Ghanwani* John Grinham Steve Haddock Sharam Hakimi* John Hart* Scott Harvell Wayne Hathaway Richard Hausman* Vic Hayes David Head* Gaby Hecht Deepak Hegde* Ariel Hendel John Hickey David Hollender Steve Horowitz* Michelle Hsiung Rita Hunt David Husak Altaf Hussain* Vipin K. Jain* Neil Jarvis Tony Jeffree* Allen Kasey Toyoyuki Kato* Hal Keen* Kevin Ketchum* Keith Klamm* Bruce Kling* Walter Knitl Dan Krent* Paul Kummer Paul Lachapelle* Bill Lane Paul Langille* Bill Lidinsky* Johann Lindmeyr* Gary Littleton Robert D. Love Andy Luque Peter Martini Keith McCloghrie Martin McNealis Milan Merhar* John Messenger* Colin Mick Amol Mitra Yaron Nachman* Krishna Narayanaswamy* Paul Nikolich Lawrence Ng* Henry Ngai* Eugene O’Neil Satoshi Obara* Toshio Ooka* Jorg Ottensmeyer* Luc Pariseau* Yonadav Perry John Pickens* Gideon Prat Kirk Preiss Steve Ramberg* Shlomo Reches* Dick Reohr James Richmond* Anil Rijsinghani* Doug Ruby Ray Samora Ayman Sayed* Mick Seaman* Rich Seifert Lee Sendelbach* Himanshu Shah* Phil Simmons* K. Karl Shimada Fred Shu Paramjeet Singh* Rosemary V. Slager* Alexander Smith* Andrew Smith* Larry Stefani* Stuart Soloway* Sundar Subramaniam* Richard Sweatt Robin Tasker* Fouad Tobagi Naoki Tsukutari Dhadesugoor Vaman Steve Van Seters* Dono van-Mierop* John Wakerly* Peter Wang* Philip Wang Y. C. Wang* Trevor Warwick* Bob Watson Alan Weissberger Glenn Wenig Keith Willette* Michael Witkowski* Edward Wong* Michael D. Wright* Michele Wright* Allen Yu* Wayne Zakowski* viii Copyright © 1998 IEEE. All rights reserved.

The following persons were on the balloting committee of IEEE Std 802.1D: William B. Adams Kit Athul William E. Ayen Thomas W. Bailey Brad J. Booth Peter K. Campbell James T. Carlo David E. Carlson Alan M. Chambers Frederick N. Chase Robert S. Crowder Thomas J. Dineen Peter Ecclesine John W. Fendrich Michael A. Fischer Harvey A. Freeman Patrick S. Gonia Julio Gonzalez-Sanz Robert M. Grow Chris G. Guy Stephen R. Haddock Allen W. Hathaway J. Scott Haugdahl Kenneth C. Heck Henry Hoyt Raj Jain Neil A. Jarvis Tony Jeffree Edward R. Kelly Peter M. Kelly Yongbum Kim Thaddeus Kobylarz Daniel R. Krent Stephen Barton Kruger Kenneth C. Kung William G. Lane David J. Law Lanse M. Leach William Lidinsky Randolph S. Little Joseph G. Maley Peter Martini Chris McDonald Milan Merhar John L. Messenger Bennett Meyer Colin K. Mick Gene E. Milligan David S. Millman Warren Monroe John E. Montague Wayne D. Moyers Shimon Muller Paul Nikolich Robert O’Hara Charles Oestereicher Joerg Ottensmeyer Roger Pandanda Lucy W. Person John R. Pickens Vikram Punj Andris Putnins Edouard Y. Rocher James W. Romlein Floyd E. Ross Christoph Ruland Norman Schneidewind Mick Seaman Rich Seifert Michael A. Smith William R. Smith Patricia Thaler Geoffrey O. Thompson Mark-Rene Uchida John Viaplana Barry M. Vornbrock Donald F. Weir Earl J. Whitaker Qian-li Yang Oren Yuen Jonathan M. Zweig When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved IEEE Std 802.1D on 25 June 1998, it had the following membership: Richard J. Holleman, Chair Donald N. Heirman, Vice Chair Judith Gorman, Secretary Satish K. Aggarwal Clyde R. Camp James T. Carlo Gary R. Engmann Harold E. Epstein Jay Forster* Thomas F. Garrity Ruben D. Garzon *Member Emeritus James H. Gurney Jim D. Isaak Lowell G. Johnson Robert Kennelly E. G. “Al” Kiener Joseph L. Koepﬁnger* Stephen R. Lambert Jim Logothetis Donald C. Loughry L. Bruce McClung Louis-François Pau Ronald C. Petersen Gerald H. Peterson John B. Posey Gary S. Robinson Hans E. Weinrich Donald W. Zipse Kristin M. Dittmann IEEE Standards Project Editor Copyright © 1998 IEEE. All rights reserved. ix

IEEE Std 802.11c-1998 IEEE Std 802.11c-1998 adds the necessary information to map the IEEE 802.11 MAC parameters onto ISO/ IEC 15802-3 (IEEE Std 802.1D) parameters. Participants At the time the draft of IEEE Std 802.11c was sent to sponsor ballot, the IEEE 802.11 working group had the following voting members: Victor Hayes, Chair Victoria M. Poncini, Task Group Chair Jeff Abramowitz Keith B. Amundsen Carl F. Andren Kazuhiro Aoyagi David Bagby Phil Belanger John Biddick Simon Black Jan Boer Ronald Brockmann Wesley Brodsky John H. Cafarella Naftali Chayat Ken Clements Wim Diepstraten Darrol Draper Peter Ecclesine Darwin Engwer John Fakatselis Jeff Fischer Matthew Fischer Michael Fischer George Fishel John Fisher Motohiro Gochi Tim Godfrey Jan Haagh Karl Hannestad Robert Heile Maarten Hoeben Duane Hurne Masayuki Ikeda Richard Jai Donald C. Johnson Nobuo Karaki Dean M. Kawaguchi Stuart J. Kerry Isao Masaki Jim McDonald Gene Miller Akira Miura Masaharu Mori Masahiro Morikura Ravi P. Nalamati Colin Nayler Richard van Nee Bob O’Hara Tomoki Ohsawa Kazuhiro Okanoue Richard H. Paine Al Petrick Bob Pham Stanley A. Reible William Roberts Kent G. Rollins Oren Rosenfeld Michael Rothenberg Clemens C.W. Ruppel Chandos Rypinski Anil K. Sanwalka Roy Sebring Mike Shiba Thomas Siep Donald I. Sloan Hitoshi Takanashi Satoru Toguchi Cherry Tom Mike Trompower Tom Tsoulogiannis Sarosh Vesuna Nien C. Wei Harry Worstell Timothy M. Zimmerman Johnny Zweig Jim Zyren Major contributions were received from Henri Moelard. x Copyright © 1998 IEEE. All rights reserved.

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