2012 年福建厦门大学考博英语真题
1. The weather wasn’t favorable and both teams had to
icy rain and a strong wind
during the match.
A. pin down B. get stuck in C. take control of D. contend with
2. People planning to travel by car to North Dakota in the winter are advised to
their cars with snow tires and warm clothing.
A. install B. purchase C. provide D. equip
3. The consumer in recent years has led to an explosion of shopping center development
in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Canton.
A. boom B. volume C. summit D. pressure
4. After a number of disagreements with the committee, the chairman decided to his
present job.
A. retire B. resign C. retreat D. withdraw
5. Obviously, no teacher has patience. Even Larry, who is always kind and tolerant,
lost his temper on that particular occasion.
A. definite B. spectacular C. infinite D. composed
6. Scientists use observation and experimentation to examine a specific
concept
existing theories and principles.
A. in the light of B. in view of C. as to D. in the interest of
7. As the ship is loaded, it will sink deeper and deeper into the water, but only
sink deep enough to an amount of water equal to the weight of the ship and its cargo.
A. dismiss B. offset C. displace D. squeeze
8. Among other things the Town Council is responsible for parks, fire
services,
collection and libraries.
A. refuse B. plague C. robbery D. insect
9. On leaving school he became an office boy and having no to rise higher, he only
wasted his time.
A. ambition B. determination C. success D. purpose
10. A feeling of tiredness almost the soldier on duty and he had to struggle hard
to keep awake.
A. overcame B. defeated C. conquered D. overtook
11. The “formal learning” refers to all learning which takes place in the classroom,
regardless of whether such learning is by conservative or progressive ideologies.
A. secured B. attained C. manifest D. informed
12. Formal learning is separated from daily life and may actually promote ways of
learning and thinking which often run to those obtained from practical daily life.
A. parallel B. contradictory C. opposite D. counter
13. We were by the extent to which teacher’s decisions served the interests of the
school rather than those of the students.
A. struck B. puzzled C. attracted D. misled
14. The findings of the two archaeologists the burial customs of the ancient
Egyptians.
A. paid attention to B. gained access to
C. threw light upon D. keep track of
15. In recent years, business schools the master’s degree in business administration
enjoy great popularity among the management in big companies.
A. representing B. offering C. presenting D. supplying
16. The scheme for rebuilding the city center , owing to the refusal of a Council
to sanction the expenditure of the money it would have required.
A. fell down B. fell out C. fell off D. fell flat
17. The changing image of the family on television provides into changing attitudes
toward the family in society.
A. presentations B. revelations C. specifications D. insights
18. According to Plato, the most important idea is the idea of “good”. Knowledge
of “good” is the object of all inquiry, a goal to which all other things are .
A. approximate B. crucial C. subordinate D. detached
19. If children who cannot write are asked to write the story they have been told
orally, they tend to scribble in across a page.
A. patterns B. designs C. models D. scratches
20. Travelling like this is really an adventure. Very often, you’re off doing
something strange where you don’t know what’s going to around the next bend.
A. turn off B. turn on C. turn away D. turn up
21. Nuclear power plants are some of the largest producers of wastes, with each plant
producing barrels of radioactive material that must be stored in special protective
containers.
A. biodegradable B. hazardous C. reasonable D. durable
22. The scientific community was when a living specimen of the coelacanth, long
thought to be was discovered by deep-sea fisherman.
A. perplexed...common B. overjoyed...dangerous
G. unconcerned.. .local D. astounded ...extinct
23. After the governor’s third trip to overseas, voters complained that he was paying
too little attention
to affairs.
A. intellectual B. foreign C. professional D. domestic
24. The Roman Emperor Claudius was viewed with by generations of historians until
newly discovered evidence showed him to be administrator.
A. suspicion...a clever B. disdain...a capable
C. antagonism... an eager D. indignation... an incompetent
25. Communities in primitive areas where natural is scarce must be resourceful in
order to secure adequate nutrition.
A. education B. competition C. sustenance D. agriculture
26. Anthony’s expression masked an essential cheerful nature.
A. jubilant B. inevitable C. dour D. pert
27. Her shrewd campaign managers were responsible for the fact that her political
slogans were actually forgotten cliches revived and with new meaning.
A. fathomed B. instilled C. foreclosed D. instigated
28. The stoic former general led his civilian life as he had his military life, with
simplicity and dignity.
A. benevolent B. informal C. austere D. aggressive
29. Although bound to impose the law, a judge is free to use his discretion to the
anachronistic barbarity of some criminal penalties.
A. mitigate B. understand C. condone D. provoke
30. Henry viewed Melissa as ; she seemed to be against any position regardless of
its merits.
A. heretical B. disobedient C. contrary D. inattentive
Part n Reading Comprehension (40% )
Section A (30%)
Questions i to 5 are based on the following passage:
The world seems to be going diet crazy, and yet our nation’s obesity rate has shot
up year after year. And, it’s not only the over 20 population that has to worry
about their weight anymore. Children from kindergarten to twelfth grade are also
experiencing the problems of an overweight lifestyle. According to the website
cosmiverse. com, 11% of adolescents are categorized as being overweight ,and another
16% are in danger of becoming overweight. This is a 60% jump from the 1980’s.
Some of the blame is being put on schools wanting to fit more academic classes into
the children’s schedule rather than waste time on physical education. This new take
on education has left us with physical activity at an all-time national low,resulting
in obesity and poor physical conditioning at an all-time national high. The schools
have tried a few solutions, the most recent in the news has been taking soda out
of schools and increasing the required time children must be active during school.
Will those methods help at all? Education is important at school, but starts at home.
I believe students are getting their bad habits from watching their parents and how
they eat and exercise. The school system only helps to hinder the child’s dietary
eating. I know there are studies showing genes that determine how a child will be
built. That does not explain, however, why the rate continues to increase at such
a rapid rate each year. It seems more likely that more and more families have both
parents working, leaving their children to their own means for a meal. “Nintendo,
TV,PlayStation and the like,” are what Physical Education teacher, Sue Arostegui,
attributes the inactiveness to, “Parents are either gone or too scared with today’
s society to let them out and play”. Classes on health need to become more regular
and sports need to be encouraged. At Live Oak High School the staff does good job
of teaching how to eat and exercise to stay healthy. The freshmen study health every
Wednesday in P. E. , and Pam James teaches healthy eating and food preparation in
Home Economics for the first few weeks of every school year.
“ Kids have no idea how many calories they are eating,” said James of the overweight
problems facing students. “Fast food is becoming more popular, it’s easier and
parents are busy. They are only setting their kids up to gain weight with that diet
however”. School cafeterias are also getting blamed for the students, eating habits.
“ Healthy eating should start at home,” said L. 0. H. S. cafeteria cook, Brenda
Myers. “Too many kids are being raised on fast food. After eating so much fast food
they don’t have any tastes for real home cooked food. I always have healthy foods
for students, but they are less likely to eat them. n Other schools do not even have
the type of programs Live Oak offers and are suffering even worse consequences.
Sports keep students fit and healthy. There need to be more readily available sports
programs for anyone who would like to join. Many students when they feel they do
not meet the standards for a team will admit defeat and drop off the team. There
needs to be a program that all students will be interested in and continue through
for the entire season.
Schools can only do and be blamed for so much however, and it will be up to the parents
to become more aware of what activities their children are participating in and how
healthy they are eating. Until that happens, I foresee the obesity rate continuing
on its uphill curve.
1. Which of the following is similar in meaning to the word “obesity”?
A. Extremely heavy. B. Quite plump. C. Unhealthily fat. D. Rather stout.
2. What is the trend in education that has led to an increase in obesity?
A. Banning all types of soda drinks in schools.
B. Adding more academic classes at the expense of physical education.
C. No readily available sports programs for everyone.
D. The tendency to neglect courses on healthy eating.
3. What is the chief reason for the increase in obese students?
A. The genes of the students.
B. The poor quality of school cafeteria food.
C. Inactiveness due to playing computer games.
D. The negative example of their parents.
4. What should be done to improve students’ awareness of the importance of a healthy
diet?
A. Inform the students of the calorie content of the food they eat.
B. Help students foster a taste for home cooked food.
C. Stop the cafeterias from selling fast food.
D. Provide programs like those offered at Live Oak High School.
5. According to the passage, the obesity rate of students will continue to grow
unless .
A. all schools increase the time for students to be physically active
B. parents are more alert to what their children do and eat
C. schools increase the number of sports programs and activities
D. students are taught to change their eating habits
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage ••
The collaboration among scientists, universities and industry is not new. Both the
university administration and the industry play a role in developing the scientific
knowledge in the academic environment. The university is usually responsible for
obtaining patents and for licensing the rights for its professors’ inventions. The
company, having licensed the product, must provide the considerable financial
backing required for its development and marketing.
In the best of all possible worlds, the inventors, the university administrators
and the company executives work as a well-oiled machine that creates a beneficial
product and generates capital to support the academic lab, the scientist, the
university and the company’s shareholders. In the real world, however, each of these
component parts has its own agenda. The goal may not entirely overlap.
When a university stands to gain financially from the commercialization o£ one of
its professors, inventions,for example,the professor may hesitate, out of
conflict-of-interest issues, to participate in the trials of the new product. Such
a policy causes friction and frustration in the relationship between the university
administration and the faculty members.
Universities themselves have faced the frustration o£ licensing their inventions
to companies that have then sublicensed them to other firms for enormous fees.
Because these “fees” can be disguised by a variety of accounting procedures, there
is no way for the university or the inventor to participate in the profits of the
sublicensing agreement. Thus,unless the invention becomes a product,the profits
made by the company are not shared by the university or the inventor. Meanwhile it