第1页 / 共17页
第2页 / 共17页
第3页 / 共17页
第4页 / 共17页
第5页 / 共17页
第6页 / 共17页
第7页 / 共17页
第8页 / 共17页
2010年专业英语八级考试真题及答案.doc
2010 年专业英语八级考试真题及答案
LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)
MINI-LECTURE
PART I
SECTION A
In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY.
While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked,
but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When
the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another
ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet
for note-taking.
Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE
words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically & semantically
acceptable. You may refer to your notes.
Paralinguistic Features of Language
In face-to-face communication speakers often alter their tomes of voice or change
their physical postures in order to convey messages. These means are called
paralinguistic features of language, which fall into two categories.
First category: vocal paralinguistic features
(1)__________: to express attitude or
intention
Examples
1. whispering:
2. breathiness:
3.
(2)_________:
need for secrecy
deep emotion
(1)__________
unimportance
(2)__________
anxiety
4. nasality:
5. extra lip-rounding: greater intimacy
Second category: physical paralinguistic features
facial expressions
(3)_______
(3)__________
----- smiling: signal of pleasure or welcome
less common expressions
----- eye brow raising: surprise or interest
----- lip biting:
(4)________
gesture
gestures are related to culture.
British culture
----- shrugging shoulders: (5)
________
----- scratching head: puzzlement
other cultures
(5)__________
(4)_________
(10)___________
INTERVIEW
According to Dr Johnson,
means
(6)__________
(7)_________
(8)_________
----- placing hand upon
heart:(6)_______
----- pointing at nose: secret
proximity, posture and echoing
proximity: physical distance between speakers
----- closeness: intimacy or threat
----- (7)_______: formality or absence of
interest
Proximity is person-, culture- and (8)________ -specific.
posture
----- hunched shoulders or a hanging head: to indicate(9)_____ (9)________
----- direct level eye contact: to express an open or challenging attitude
echoing
----- definition: imitation of similar posture
----- (10)______: aid in
communication
----- conscious imitation: mockery
SECTION B
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer
the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET
TWO.
Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will
be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.
Now listen to the interview.
1.
diversity
A. merging of different cultural identities.
B. more emphasis on homogeneity.
C. embracing of more ethnic differences.
D. acceptance of more branches of Christianity.
2.
A. Some places are more diverse than others.
B. Towns are less diverse than large cities.
C. Diversity can be seen everywhere.
D. American is a truly diverse country.
3.
racial makeup by 2025?
A. Maine
B. Selinsgrove
C. Philadelphia
D. California
4.
A. greater racial diversity exists among younger populations.
B. both older and younger populations are racially diverse.
C. age diversity could lead to pension problems.
According to the interview, which of the following statements in CORRECT?
According to Dr Johnson, which place will witness a radical change in its
During the interview Dr Johnson indicates that
According to the interview, religious diversity
NEWS BROADCAST
What is the main idea of the news item?
D. older populations are more racially diverse.
5.
A. was most evident between 1990 and 2000.
B. exists among Muslim immigrants.
C. is restricted to certain places in the US.
D. is spreading to more parts of the country.
SECTION C
In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer
the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured
answer sheet.
Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will
be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
Now listen to the news.
6.
A. Sony developed a computer chip for cell phones.
B. Japan will market its wallet phone abroad.
C. The wallet phone is one of the wireless innovations.
D. Reader devices are available at stores and stations.
Question 7 and 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you
will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.
Now listen to the news.
7.
inflation?
A. Foreign investment.
B. Donor support.
C. Price control.
D. Bank prediction.
8.
A. 20 million percent.
B. 2.2 million percent.
C. 11.2 million percent.
D. Over 11.2 million percent.
Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you
will be given 20 seconds to answer the question.
Now listen to the news.
9.
A. A big fire erupted on the Nile River.
B. Helicopters were used to evacuate people.
C. Five people were taken to hospital for burns.
D. A big fire took place on two floors.
10.
A. electrical short-cut.
B. lack of fire-satefy measures.
C. terrorism.
Which of the following is mentioned as the government’s measure to control
According to Kingdom Bank, what is the current inflation rate in Zimbabwe?
Which of the following is CORRECT?
The likely cause of the big fire is
D. not known.
PART IIREADING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)
In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20
multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your
coloured answer sheet.
TEXT A
Still, the image of any city has a half-life of many years. (So does its name,
officially changed in 2001 from Calcutta to Kolkata, which is closer to what the
word sounds like in Bengali. Conversing in English, I never heard anyone call the
city anything but Calcutta.) To Westerners, the conveyance most identified with
Kolkata is not its modern subway—a facility whose spacious stations have art on
the walls and cricket matches on television monitors—but the hand-pulled rickshaw.
Stories and films celebrate a primitive-looking cart with high wooden wheels, pulled
by someone who looks close to needing the succor of Mother Teresa. For years the
government has been talking about eliminating hand-pulled rickshaws on what it calls
humanitarian grounds—principally on the ground that, as the mayor of Kolkata has
often said, it is offensive to see “one man sweating and straining to pull another
man.” But these days politicians also lament the impact of 6,000 hand-pulled
rickshaws on a modern city’s traffic and, particularly, on its image. “Westerners
try to associate beggars and these rickshaws with the Calcutta landscape, but this
is not what Calcutta stands for,” the chief minister of West Bengal, Buddhadeb
Bhattacharjee, said in a press conference in 2006. “Our city stands for prosperity
and development.” The chief minister—the equivalent of a state governor—went on
to announce that hand-pulled rickshaws soon would be banned from the streets of
Kolkata.
Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. (Actually, I saw almost no tourists
in Kolkata, apart from the young backpackers on Sudder Street, in what used to be
a red-light district and is now said to be the single place in the city where the
services a rickshaw puller offers may include providing female company to a gentleman
for the evening.) It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use rickshaws
—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor. They are people who
tend to travel short distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to
even the most daring taxi driver. An older woman with marketing to do, for instance,
can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from
various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes
use rickshaws as a 24-hour ambulance service. Proprietors of cafés or corner stores
send rickshaws to collect their supplies. (One morning I saw a rickshaw puller take
on a load of live chickens—tied in pairs by the feet so they could be draped over
the shafts and the folded back canopy and even the axle. By the time he trotted off,
he was carrying about a hundred upside-down chickens.) The rickshaw pullers told
me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract
with a puller to take a child to school and pick him up; the puller essentially becomes
a family retainer.
From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains, and its drainage system
doesn’t need torrential rain to begin backing up. Residents who favor a touch of
hyperbole say that in Kolkata “if a stray cat pees, there’s a flood.” During my
stay it once rained for about 48 hours. Entire neighborhoods couldn’t be reached
by motorized vehicles, and the newspapers showed pictures of rickshaws being pulled
through water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal
customer base for rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey.
A writer in Kolkata told me, “When it rains, even the governor takes rickshaws.”
While I was in Kolkata, a magazine called India Today published its annual ranking
of Indian states, according to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure.
Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as it has for four of
the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the
vast majority of rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street
or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a combination garage and repair shop and dormitory
managed by someone called a sardar. For sleeping privileges in a dera, pullers pay
100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’
ve visited a dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they
have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for
a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where rickshaws are
prohibited. A 2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata
occupations in income, doing better than only the ragpickers and the beggars. For
someone without land or education, that still beats trying to make a living in Bihar.
There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people,
who will not ride in a rickshaw, because they are offended by the idea of being pulled
by another human being or because they consider it not the sort of thing people of
their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of
colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning
rickshaws. The editor of the editorial pages of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu
Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history books—told me, for instance,
that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping
hand-pulled rickshaws on the road. “I refuse to be carried by another human being
myself,” he said, “but I question whether we have the right to take away their
livelihood.” Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes to demeaning
occupations, rickshaw pullers are hardly unique in Kolkata.
When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the
city of rickshaws was based on a genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with
a quick shake of his head—a gesture I interpreted to mean, “If you are so naive
as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.”
Some rickshaw pullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood
and pin their hopes on being offered something in its place. As migrant workers,
they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers,
who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive,
still clog the sidewalks, selling absolutely everything—or, as I found during the
48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but umbrellas. “The government was the
government of the poor people,” one sardar told me. “Now they shake hands with
the capitalists and try to get rid of poor people.”
But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly
to certain neighborhoods, out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and
California investment delegations—or that they will be allowed to die out naturally
as they’re supplanted by more modern conveyances. Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, after
all, is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off
the streets of Kolkata in a matter of months. Similar statements have been made as
far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been delayed by a court case
and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought
to be offered to rickshaw drivers. It may also have been delayed by a quiet reluctance
to give up something that has been part of the fabric of the city for more than a
century. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” One day a city
official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for
how rickshaw pullers might be rehabilitated.
“Which option has been chosen?” I asked, noting that the report was dated almost
exactly a year before my visit.
“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.
“When will it be decided?”
“That hasn’t been decided,” he said.
11.
following EXCEPT
A. taking foreign tourists around the city.
B. providing transport to school children.
C. carrying store supplies and purchases
D. carrying people over short distances.
12.
Bihar?
A. They come from a relatively poor area.
B. They are provided with decent accommodation.
C. Their living standards are very low in Kolkata.
D. They are often caught by policemen in the streets.
13.
make a living in Bihar” (4 paragraph) means that even so,
A. the poor prefer to work and live in Bihar.
B. the poor from Bihar fare better than back home.
C. the poor never try to make a living in Bihar.
D. the poor never seem to resent their life in Kolkata.
14.
A. hold mixed feelings towards rickshaws.
B. strongly support the ban on rickshaws.
C. call for humanitarian actions fro rickshaw pullers.
D. keep quiet on the issue of banning rickshaws.
15.
Which of the following statements best describes the rickshaw pullers from
That “For someone without land or education, that still beats trying to
According to the passage, rickshaws are used in Kolkata mainly for the
We can infer from the passage that some educated and politically aware people
Which of the following statements conveys the author’s sense of humor?
The dialogue between the author and the city official at the end of the
A. “…not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.” (2 paragraph)
B. “…,.which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a dera.” (4
paragraph)
C. Kolkata, a resident told me, “ has difficulty letting go.” (7 paragraph).
D.“…or, as I found during the 48 hours of rain, absolutely everything but
umbrellas.” (6 paragraph)
16.
passage seems to suggest
A. the uncertainty of the court’s decision.
B. the inefficiency of the municipal government.
C. the difficulty of finding a good solution.
D. the slowness in processing options.
TEXT B
Depending on whom you believe, the average American will, over a lifetime, wait in
lines for two years (says National Public Radio) or five years (according to
customer-loyalty experts).
The crucial word is average, as wealthy Americans routinely avoid lines altogether.
Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive
province of suckers(people who still believe in and practice waiting in lines). Poor
suckers, mostly.
Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy
"élite" security lines and priority boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in
coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the Jetway.
At amusement parks, too, you can now buy your way out of line. This summer I haplessly
watched kids use a $52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England,
and similar systems are in use in most major American theme parks, from Universal
Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the have-mores breeze
past on their way to their seats.
Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich
are more important than you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once
said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief, that when playing in Canada--get
this--"we have to wait in the same customs line as everybody else."
Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer,
early arrivers among the early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their
spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone purchasers offered to pay
"waiters" or "placeholders" to wait in line for them outside Apple stores.
Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting
in lines with the ordinary people. This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited
outside an AT&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. before a stand-in from his office
literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And
billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his
fellow citizens, though he's first driven by motorcade past the stop nearest his
house to a station 22 blocks away, where the wait, or at least the ride, is shorter.
As early as elementary school, we're told that jumping the line is an unethical act,
which is why so many U.S. lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind
of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama Senator Richard Shelby, to cite
just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants "to cut in line
ahead of millions of people."
Nothing annoys a national lawmaker more than a person who will not wait in line,
unless that line is in front of an elevator at the U.S. Capitol, where Senators and
Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue with their
constituents.
But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it's
out-of-date. There was something about the orderly boarding of Noah's Ark, two by
two, that seemed to restore not just civilization but civility during the Great
Flood.
How civil was your last flight? Southwest Airlines has first-come, first-served
festival seating. But for $5 per flight, an unaffiliated company called
BoardFirst.com will secure you a coveted "A" boarding pass when that airline opens
for online check-in 24 hours before departure. Thus, the savvy traveler doesn't even
wait in line when he or she is online.
Some cultures are not renowned for lining up. Then again, some cultures are too adept
at lining up: a citizen of the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he
could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone was queuing for.
And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: Very
Important Persons, who don't wait, and Very Impatient Persons, who do--unhappily.
For those of us in the latter group-- consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too
poor or proper to pay a placeholder --what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon
did in Waiting for Godot: "We wait. We are bored."
17.
institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers…Poor
suckers, mostly.” (2 paragraph)
A. Lines are symbolic of America’s democracy.
B. Lines still give Americans equal opportunities.
C. Lines are now for ordinary Americans only.
D. Lines are for people with democratic spirit only.
18.
A. Going through the customs at a Canadian airport.
B. Using Gold Flash Passes in amusement parks.
C. First-class passenger status at airports.
D. Purchase of a place in a line from a placeholder.
19.
Congressmen)
A. prefer to stand in lines with ordinary people.
B. advocate the value of waiting in lines.
C. believe in and practice waiting in lines.
D. exploit waiting in lines for their own good.
20.
Which of the following is NOT cited as an example of breaching the line?
What does the following sentence mean? “Once the most democratic of
We can infer from the passage that politicians (including mayors and
What is the tone of the passage?
相关推荐
2023年江西萍乡中考道德与法治真题及答案.doc
2012年重庆南川中考生物真题及答案.doc
2013年江西师范大学地理学综合及文艺理论基础考研真题.doc
2020年四川甘孜小升初语文真题及答案I卷.doc
2020年注册岩土工程师专业基础考试真题及答案.doc
2023-2024学年福建省厦门市九年级上学期数学月考试题及答案.doc
2021-2022学年辽宁省沈阳市大东区九年级上学期语文期末试题及答案.doc
2022-2023学年北京东城区初三第一学期物理期末试卷及答案.doc
2018上半年江西教师资格初中地理学科知识与教学能力真题及答案.doc
2012年河北国家公务员申论考试真题及答案-省级.doc
2020-2021学年江苏省扬州市江都区邵樊片九年级上学期数学第一次质量检测试题及答案.doc
2022下半年黑龙江教师资格证中学综合素质真题及答案.doc
