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Title page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Overview
Organization of the Book
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1 Motion perception
1.2 The heritage of animation
1.3 Animation production
1.4 Computer animation production
1.5 A brief history of computer animation
1.6 Summary
References
Chapter 2. Technical Background
2.1 Spaces and transformations
2.2 Orientation representation
2.3 Summary
References
Chapter 3. Interpolating Values
3.1 Interpolation
3.2 Controlling the motion of a point along a curve
3.3 Interpolation of orientations
3.4 Working with paths
3.5 Chapter summary
References
Chapter 4. Interpolation-Based Animation
4.1 Key-frame systems
4.2 Animation languages
4.3 Deforming objects
4.4 Three-dimensional shape interpolation
4.5 Morphing (two-dimensional)
4.6 Chapter summary
References
Chapter 5. Kinematic Linkages
5.1 Hierarchical modeling
5.2 Forward kinematics
5.3 Inverse kinematics
5.4 Chapter summary
References
Chapter 6. Motion Capture
6.1 Motion capture technologies
6.2 Processing the images
6.3 Camera calibration
6.4 Three-dimensional position reconstruction
6.5 Fitting to the skeleton
6.6 Output from motion capture systems
6.7 Manipulating motion capture data
6.8 Chapter summary
References
Chapter 7. Physically Based Animation
7.1 Basic physics—a review
7.2 Spring animation examples
7.3 Particle systems
7.4 Rigid body simulation
7.5 Cloth
7.6 Enforcing soft and hard constraints
7.7 Chapter summary
References
Chapter 8. Fluids: Liquids and Gases
8.1 Specific fluid models
8.2 Computational fluid dynamics
8.3 Chapter summary
References
Chapter 9. Modeling and Animating Human Figures
9.1 Overview of virtual human representation
9.2 Reaching and grasping
9.3 Walking
9.4 Coverings
9.5 Chapter summary
References
Chapter 10. Facial Animation
10.1 The human face
10.2 Facial models
10.3 Animating the face
10.4 Lip-sync animation
10.5 Chapter summary
References
Chapter 11. Behavioral Animation
11.1 Primitive behaviors
11.2 Knowledge of the environment
11.3 Modeling intelligent behavior
11.4 Crowds
11.6 Chapter summary
References
Chapter 12. Special Models for Animation
12.1 Implicit surfaces
12.2 Plants
12.3 Subdivision surfaces
12.4 Chapter summary
References
APPENDIX A: Rendering Issues
APPENDIX B: Background Information and Techniques
B.1 Vectors and matrices
B.2 Geometric computations
B.3 Transformations
B.4 Denevit and Hartenberg representation for linked appendages
B.5 Interpolating and approximating curves
B.6 Randomness
B.7 Physics primer
B.8 Numerical integration techniques
B.9 Optimization
B.10 Standards for moving pictures
B.11 Camera calibration
Index
Computer Animation Algorithms and Techniques Rick Parent Ohio State University Third Edition
Table of Contents Title page Copyright Dedication Preface Overview Organization of the Book Acknowledgments About the Author Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Motion perception 1.2 The heritage of animation 1.3 Animation production 1.4 Computer animation production 1.5 A brief history of computer animation 1.6 Summary References Chapter 2. Technical Background 2.1 Spaces and transformations 2.2 Orientation representation 2.3 Summary References Chapter 3. Interpolating Values 3.1 Interpolation 3.2 Controlling the motion of a point along a curve 3.3 Interpolation of orientations 3.4 Working with paths 3.5 Chapter summary References Chapter 4. Interpolation-Based Animation 4.1 Key-frame systems 4.2 Animation languages 4.3 Deforming objects 4.4 Three-dimensional shape interpolation 4.5 Morphing (two-dimensional)
4.6 Chapter summary References Chapter 5. Kinematic Linkages 5.1 Hierarchical modeling 5.2 Forward kinematics 5.3 Inverse kinematics 5.4 Chapter summary References Chapter 6. Motion Capture 6.1 Motion capture technologies 6.2 Processing the images 6.3 Camera calibration 6.4 Three-dimensional position reconstruction 6.5 Fitting to the skeleton 6.6 Output from motion capture systems 6.7 Manipulating motion capture data 6.8 Chapter summary References Chapter 7. Physically Based Animation 7.1 Basic physics—a review 7.2 Spring animation examples 7.3 Particle systems 7.4 Rigid body simulation 7.5 Cloth 7.6 Enforcing soft and hard constraints 7.7 Chapter summary References Chapter 8. Fluids: Liquids and Gases 8.1 Specific fluid models 8.2 Computational fluid dynamics 8.3 Chapter summary References Chapter 9. Modeling and Animating Human Figures 9.1 Overview of virtual human representation 9.2 Reaching and grasping
9.3 Walking 9.4 Coverings 9.5 Chapter summary References Chapter 10. Facial Animation 10.1 The human face 10.2 Facial models 10.3 Animating the face 10.4 Lip-sync animation 10.5 Chapter summary References Chapter 11. Behavioral Animation 11.1 Primitive behaviors 11.2 Knowledge of the environment 11.3 Modeling intelligent behavior 11.4 Crowds 11.6 Chapter summary References Chapter 12. Special Models for Animation 12.1 Implicit surfaces 12.2 Plants 12.3 Subdivision surfaces 12.4 Chapter summary References APPENDIX A: Rendering Issues APPENDIX B: Background Information and Techniques B.1 Vectors and matrices B.2 Geometric computations B.3 Transformations B.4 Denevit and Hartenberg representation for linked appendages B.5 Interpolating and approximating curves B.6 Randomness B.7 Physics primer B.8 Numerical integration techniques B.9 Optimization
B.10 Standards for moving pictures B.11 Camera calibration Index
Copyright Acquiring Editor: Steven Elliot Development Editor: Robyn Day Project Manager: Paul Gottehrer Designer: Joanne Blank Morgan Kaufmann is an imprint of Elsevier 225 Wyman Street, Waltham, MA 02451, USA © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods or professional practices, may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information or methods described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Application submitted British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: 978-0-12-415842-9 Printed in the United States of America 12 13 14 16 16 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 For information on all MK publications visit our website at http://store.elsevier.com
Dedication And to my wife, Arlene, for her attention-to-detail approach to life, especially when juxtaposed to my To Kim and John, for teaching me to keep things in perspective. ‘big picture’ way of doing things.
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